1. Access network (WP3):
coverage aspects
Wout Joseph Hugo Gauderis
David Plets Etienne Deventer
Leen Verloock VRT
Luc Martens
Ghent University/IBBT

2. 2
Overview
 Context and objectives
 Characteristics of DVB-H system in Ghent
 Coverage aspects
 Coverage 1 transmitter
 Wireless penetration for 100 buildings
 Technical performance
 Calculation of required number of transmitters
 Conclusions

3. 3
Context and objectives
 MADUF WP3: Access network
 DVB-H: Digital Video Broadcasting-
Handheld
 EN 300 744 and EN 302 304
 High data rate broadcast access for
hand-held devices
 Objectives
 Coverage
 Technical performance
 Number of base stations for good
indoor reception in Flanders

4. 4
Characteristics of DVB-H system
 Single frequency network (SFN)
 602 MHz
 Channel bandwidth
 8 MHz
 3 base station (BS) antennas
 Keizer Karel (BS1),
Ledeganck (BS3),
Groendreef (BS2)
 hBS = 64 m, 63 m, 57 m
 ERP = 6 kW, 7.5 kW, 2.8 kW

5. 5
Overview
 Context and objectives
 Characteristics of DVB-H system in Ghent
 Coverage aspects
 Coverage 1 transmitter
 Wireless penetration for 100 buildings
 Technical performance
 Calculation of required number of transmitters for Flanders
 Conclusions

6. 6
Coverage: 1 transmitter
 BS: Keizer Karelstraat  Receiver Rx on Car
 ERP = 5970 W  Rx: vertical polarisation
 Height: 64 m  Speed: 25 km/h [ITU
1708]
BS
2.85 m

7. 7
Coverage: Ghent
 Equivalent electric field [dBµV/m]
 hRx = 2.85 m
 Range portable indoor (class B):
16-QAM 1/2, no MPE-FEC
 3.2 km
 Path loss model developed for
Gent
transmitter
< 64.5 dBµV/m

8. 8
Overview
 Context and objectives
 Characteristics of DVB-H system in Ghent
 Coverage aspects
 Coverage 1 transmitter
 Wireless penetration for 100 buildings
 Technical performance
 Calculation of required number of transmitters for Flanders
 Conclusions

9. 9
Categories of houses
 Penetration loss of 100 buildings
in Ghent
 Categories
 Office building
 Non coated (7)
 Coated (2)
 Apartment (7)
 Station (1)
 Villa / bungalow (17)
 Mansion (15)
 Terraced houses (51)
 Private (44)
 Shop (5)
 Bank (2)

10. 10
Investigation of PenL
 Penetration loss PenL [dB] =
field outdoor / field indoor
 PenL decreases for more radiated sides
 PenLvilla < PenLmansion < PenLprivate house
 Average value for PenL 8.10 dB
 PenLcoated office building (21.94 dB) >>
PenLnon-coated office building (5.30 dB)

11. 11
Overview
 Context and objectives
 Characteristics of DVB-H system in Ghent
 Coverage aspects
 Coverage 1 transmitter
 Wireless penetration for 100 buildings
 Technical performance
 Calculation of required number of transmitters for Flanders
 Conclusions

12. Investigated scenarios
 Reception conditions: 9 scenarios
 Portable reception
 Outdoor walking (20 routes)
 Indoor standing (13 buildings)
 Indoor walking (13 buildings)
 Mobile reception
 Car 20 km/h (70.5 km)
 Car 70 km/h (37.5 km)
 Car 120 km/h (50 km)
 Train
 Tram
 Bus
 Several thousands of measurement
points for each scenario

13. Investigated schemes
 14 different settings
 QPSK, 16-QAM,
64-QAM
 MPE-FEC 67/68, 7/8,
5/6, 3/4, 2/3, 1/2
 Inner code rate
 1/2 and 2/3

14. 16-QAM 1/2 MPE-FEC 7/8, 4K, GI = 1/814
Example: car 20 km/h
 Reception quality in
Ghent in car driving at
20 km/h
 Tables received
 Correct: green
 Corrected: orange
 Incorrect: red

15. 16-QAM 1/2 MPE-FEC 7/8, 4K, GI = 1/8
Comparison of different scenarios
 Higher C/(N+I) required for
more difficult reception
conditions most difficult
reception
 Higher speed conditions
 Reception in trains
 …

16. 16
Overview
 Context and objectives
 Characteristics of DVB-H system in Ghent
 Coverage aspects
 Coverage 1 transmitter
 Wireless penetration for 100 buildings
 Technical performance
 Calculation of required number of transmitters for Flanders
 Conclusions

17. Categories
 Categories of base stations
 Category 1: height = 35 m / ERP = 2 kW
 Category 2: height = 60 m / ERP = 5 kW
 Category 3: height = 150 m / ERP = 20 kW
category 3
category 2 150 m, 20 kW
category 1
60 m, 5 kW
35 m, 2 kW

18. Scenarios
 Five scenarios
 Coverage for Flanders, 35 m
regional cities, and Brussels 2 kW
 Scenario 1: 100 % category 1
 2 kW, hBS = 35 m 60 m
 Scenario 2: 100 % category 2 5 kW
 5 kW, hBS = 60 m
 Scenario 3: 100 % category 3 150 m
 20 kW, 150 m 20 kW
 Scenario 4: available antenna
sites of VRT
 Scenario 5: building additional
medium infrastructure

19. #BS for scenarios
 Indoor portable reception (class B) #BS
 10 Mbps, reference receiver ETSI
 16-QAM 1/2, MPE-FEC 7/8 scenario circle hexagon
 #BS
 Largest for scenario 1 1 816 986
 Lowest for scenario 3
 Higher for hexagons 2 274 332
than for circles
 Realistic scenarios 4 and 5 3 47 65
 High number of required BS
4 653 823
 #BS for scenario 5 lower
 Additional medium
5 563 733
infrastructure
 Very sensitive to C/N

20. Conclusions
 Coverage in Ghent
 Coverage models have been developed
 Wireless building penetration
 Technical performance
 Different reception scenarios
 Different settings
 Calculation of required number of BS for good indoor
DVB-H coverage in Flanders for about 10 Mbps
 Different categories of BS: low, medium, high
 Very sensitive to C/N