Characteristics and Causes of Extreme Poverty and Hunger; more at http://ifpri.org/2020ChinaConference/index.htm

1. The World’s Most Deprived Characteristics and Causes of Extreme Poverty and Hunger

3. Where the world’s poor live: Poor living on less than $1 a day 1,248 million poor People in 1990 969 million poor people in 2004 Middle East & North Africa 0% Latin America & the Caribbean 4% Europe & Central Asia 0% Europe & Central Asia 0% Middle East & North Africa 0% Latin America & the Caribbean 5% South Asia 39% South Asia 47% Sub-Saharan Africa 19% Sub-Saharan Africa 31% East Asia & Pacific 38% East Asia & Pacific 17%

6. Looking beneath the $1 a day line Subjacent poor: 75 cents – one dollar 485 million people Medial poor: 50 cents – 75 cents 323 million people Ultra poor: Less than 50 cents 162 million people

7. Changes in poverty by region & group, 1990 - 2004 Subjacent poor ($0.75 and <$1): 485 million Ultra poor (<$0.50): 162 million Medial poor ($0.50 and <$0.75): 323 million East Asia & Pacific -131 m East Asia & Pacific -138 m East Asia & Pacific -38 m South Asia -27 m South Asia -37 m South Asia 30 m Sub- Saharan Africa 14 m Sub-Saharan Africa 15 m Sub- Saharan Africa 29 m -200 -100 0 100 Change in number of people (millions)

10. Poverty declined more for the less poor Subjacent Poverty Medial Poverty Ultra Poverty -4.0 -5.1 -1.4 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 Equitable growth Actual decline % decline in poverty: equitable growth vs. actual 1990 - 2004 -3.1 -3.8 -3.6

13. Global Hunger Index: South Asia made more progress than Sub-Saharan Africa