A presentation given at the Global Bamboo and Rattan Congress (BARC 2018), 25-27 June 2018.

1. Inserir o título principal aqui
ROUND POLE BAMBOO
STRUCTURES IN BRAZIL
Professor Romildo Dias Toledo Filho
NUMATS | POLI | COPPE | UFRJ

2. https://www.viverotaltokalis.com/en/k2-blogs/item/6-el-bambu-en-el-mundo
Potential areas for growing bamboo in the world
Bamboo growing
areas
Worldwide bamboo growing areas

3. a) Neotropical bamboo
b) North temperate bamboo
c) Paleotropical bamboo
d) Herbaceous bamboo
• South America - richest region
of the Americas in terms of
diversity and number of bamboo
species.
• From the total of 1.100 species
and 65 genera of bamboos
known in the world, the
Americas have 31% of the
genera and 39% of the species.
• The bamboo Guadua forest
covers approximately 161,500
km2 area across Brazil, Peru and
Bolivia (Rockwell et al, 2014)
Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4327751/
Worldwide bamboo growing areas

4. Bamboo in the Amazonian region
Source: https://www.guaduabamboo.com/distribution/american-bamboo-species
• Brazil – country with the largest bamboo
resources and diversity
• Acre state (Brazil): ~ 60000km2 of the plant
(one of the largest bamboo forests in the
world)
Source: Schröder, 2014.

5. • Brazil is the country with the highest diversity of bamboo species in the
New World
• There are 258 species of native bamboos, distributed in 35 genres and
two tribes: Olyreae (herbaceous bamboo) e Bambuseae (woody bamboo)
Tribe Olyreae Tribe Bambusae Endemic bamboo
17 genres (49%) 18 genres (51%) 12 genres (34%)
93 species (36%) 165 species (64%) 175 species (68%)
Source: Drumond and Wiedman (2017)
Overview of bamboo in Brazil

6. Bamboo in Brazil: Potentiality
• National Policy to Encourage Sustained
Management and Bamboo Cultivation - Law n°
12.484 (2011);
• State Plan for the Development of Bamboo –
Acre - Decrete nº 5.809 (2017);
• High potential for commercial cultivation;
• High potential to develop industrialized products
for domestic and international markets.
• Cleaner energy matrix and favorable location to
export both through the ports of the Atlantic
eastern coast and through the west coast using the
ports of Peru through the interoceanic highway.
Estimation of bamboo plantations in Brazil
Fialho (2005)

7. • The bamboo market in Brazil is still incipient. Most of the companies that work with
the raw material find supply difficulties, logistics bottlenecks and lack of
standardization.
• Brazil does not have yet the structure to expand the cultivation and processing of
bamboo to achieve the same results already achieved by, for example, eucalyptus
and pine.
• Currently, most of the machines and technologies used for processing and processing
of bamboo are imported, increasing production costs, leaving Brazilian bamboo less
attractive in comparison to the potential competitors
• For the implementation of a Bamboo bio-based economy, Brazil needs to develop a
viable business plan and to establish policies that encourage the construction of a
consolidated productive chain and support research that culminates in the
technological development of Brazilian bamboo.
Bamboo in Brazil: Potentiality

8. Exporters and key importer of bamboo and rattan products in 2012 (Inbar, 2012)
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Nigeria
Indonesia
Singapore
Australia
Russia
India
Korea
Canada
Japan
European Union
European Union
Bamboo in Brazil: Potentiality

9. BAMBOO IN BRAZIL: National Policy
National Policy to Support Sustainable Management and Bamboo Cultivation (Lei
12.484/2011):
• Promotes sustainable management of native forests and commercial cultivation;
• Offers incentives for family farming;
• Aims to boost R&D&I projects on Brazil's native bamboo and provide its technological
development.
• Brazil – Inbar Member 2017

10. ABMTENC – Brazilian Association of Non-Conventional Materials
Founded in 1996 at PUC-Rio and currently hosted by NUMATS/COPPE/UFRJ
http://www.abmtenc.civ.puc-rio.br/
Bamboo R&D&I and dissemination in Brazil
IC NOCMAT – Started in 1984 by Professor K. Ghavami of PUC-Rio
18th NOCMAT Kenya

11. RBB – Rede Brasileira de Bambu - Founded in 2006
(Brazilian Bamboo Network)
https://www.rbbambu.com/
Bamboo R&D&I and dissemination in Brazil

12. APROBAMBU – Associação Brasileira dos Produtores de Bambu - Founded in 2013
(Brazilian Association of Bamboo Producers)
http://aprobambu.com.br/
Bamboo R&D&I and dissemination in Brazil

13. BAMBOO IN BRAZIL : Standarlization
Under Preparation…

14. BAMBOO IN LATIN AMERICA: Standarlization
Colombia (2010)Iso Standards (2004)

15. BAMBOO IN LATIN AMERICA: Standarlization
Equador Peru

16. BAMBOO IN BRAZIL: Research groups
• COPPE-UFRJ
• PUC- Rio
• UFMG
• UFPB
• UNB
• UFSC
• Embrapa
• Instituto Agronômico de Campinas
• USP - Pirassununga
• UNICAMP
• UFG
• UEG
• Unesp Bauru
• Unesp Itapeva
• Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie São Paulo

17. BAMBOO POLE RESEARCH IN BRAZIL: Some
results of the cooperative work developed by the
COPPE-UFRJ, PUC-Rio and UFMG groups

18. BAMBOO IN BRAZIL
Use of bamboo in construction
Culm Bamboo segmentsBamboo half-culm

19. Bamboo Pole Mechanical Behaviour:
Bending Behavior

20. Bamboo Pole Mechanical Behaviour:
Bending Behavior

21. Shear failure
Bamboo Pole Mechanical Behaviour:
Bending Behavior

22. Bamboo Pole Mechanical Behaviour:
Compression loads

23. Bamboo Pole Mechanical Behaviour:
Compression loads

24. Bamboo Pole Mechanical Behaviour:
Compression loads

25. Failure mode

26. DHCN
Crack initiation
Fully developed cracks
Crack growing
Failure mode

27. Rupture - segments
Failure mode

28. Bamboo Space Structures (PUC-Rio and LASE/UFMG)
Courtesy: Prof. K. Ghavami and L. E. Moreira (PUC-RIO and UFMG)

29. ACTIVE BENDING AND TENSILE PANTOGRAPHIC BAMBOO AMPHITHEATHER SPACE STRUCTURE
/ PUC-RIO
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION: BAMBUTEC
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS: LASE UFMG
Courtesy: Prof. Mario Seixas LILD|PUC|RIO

30. LIGHTWEIGHT BAMBOO STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS AND INNOVATIVE JOINTS
LABORATORY OF INVESTIGATION IN LIVING DESIGN – LILD PUC-RIO
Courtesy: Prof. Mario Seixas LILD|PUC|RIO

31. LIGHTWEIGHT BAMBOO STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
DESIGN: BAMBUTEC
ANALYSIS: LASE UFMG
RESEARCH: LILD/PUC-RIO
Courtesy: Prof. Mario Seixas LILD|PUC|RIO

32. DEPLOYABLE BAMBOO STRUCTURES
FLEXIBLE CONNECTIONS FOR ULTRALIGHT STRUCTURES
LABORATORY OF INVESTIGATION IN LIVING DESIGN – LILD PUC-RIO
Courtesy: Prof. Mario Seixas LILD|PUC|RIO

33. ULTRALIGHT BAMBOO STRUCTURES AND TEXTILE PAVILIONS
DESIGN: BAMBUTEC
RESEARCH: LILD PUC-RIO

34. ENCAPSULATION OF BAMBOO CULMS FOR OUTDOOR EXPOSURE
RESEARCH COLLABORATION: LIDL/PUC-RIO, LASE/UFMG and NUMATS/UFRJ
Courtesy: Prof. Mario Seixas LILD|PUC|RIO

35. BAMBOO REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB – PUC-Rio,
UFPB and Numats/UFRJ
Courtesy: Prof. K. Ghavami (PUC-RIO)

36. BAMBOO REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB – PUC-Rio,
UFPB and Numats/UFRJ
Courtesy: Prof. K. Ghavami (PUC-RIO)

37. BAMBOO REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB – PUC-Rio,
UFPB and Numats/UFRJ
Courtesy: Prof. K. Ghavami (PUC-RIO)

38. Bamboo Segments Mechanical Behaviour
Functionally graded material
Bamboo segments
Outer part: Vf = 54,7 %
Inner part: Vf = 40,7%

39. Bamboo Segments Mechanical Behaviour
Outer part: Vf = 54,7 %
Inner part: Vf = 40,7%
Functionally graded material

40. Bamboo Segments Mechanical Behaviour
Effect of node presence

41. Effect of node presence
Bamboo Segments Mechanical Behaviour

42. Effect of node presence
Bamboo Segments Mechanical Behaviour

43. PULL-OUT TEST
Bamboo Segments as Reinforcement of Bamboo Bio-Concrete

44. Pullout test results

45. Pullout test results

46. Pullout test results

47. Pullout test results
Tratamento Forca Máxima (N) Tensão de Aderência (Mpa)
Natural(Referência) 2028,83 1,12
Sikadur 3932,90 1,98
Areia Fina 8090,67 4,49
Areia Grossa 8418,95 3,98

48. Tension Stiffening of Bamboo Segments-Bamboo Bio-Concrete

49. Tension Stiffening of Bamboo Segments-Bamboo Bio-Concrete

50. Tension Stiffening of Bamboo Segments-Bamboo Bio-Concrete

51. Bamboo reinforced concrete: PUC-Rio, UFPb and
Numats/UFRJ
Courtesy: Prof. K. Ghavami (PUC-RIO)

52. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Bio-based
Materials
Carbon footprint of different materials in construction.
Source: INBAR, 2015
Bio-based materials:
Negative carbon footprints

53. Reticulated dome structures
Source: Salcido et al. (2016)
Bamboo
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Bio-based
Materials

54. Conclusions
• Brazil is establishing policies to encourage the construction of a productive
bamboo chain that will culminate in the technological development of the
Brazilian bamboo industry.
• Brazil has the natural resources and a mature R&D environment to attend the
technological needs of a modern, efficient and sustainable bamboo industry.
Proper infrastructure and logistics need to be fully developed.
• Design Standards are needed: Durability driven design – important and
necessary
• Life Cycle Assessment must be adapted to the bio-based materials especially to
properly considerate the biogenic carbon and its related aspects

55. Collaborators from PUC-Rio, UFMG and UFPB
Professor K. Ghavami-PUC-Rio
Professor Luis Eustaquio Moreira - UFMG
Professor Mario Seixas - PUC-Rio Professor Normando Perazzo - UFPB

56. NUMATS Research Group: June 2018
Thank you!