Composite resin /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy

COMPOSITE RESINS

INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com

Contents
Definitions
 Other terminologies
 Composition
 Classification
 Properties
 Advantages and disadvantages
 Indications and contraindications
 Placement of composites
 Latest advances in composites



 Definitions
 Other

terminologies

– Composite resins
– Filled composites
– Composite restorative material
– Filled resins
– Resin composite


Composition


 Initiator

system
 Inhibitors
 Optical modifiers
 Color pigments
 U v stabilisers


Resin matrix
 BISGMA

–Bis phenol A-Glycidyl
methacrylate.
 UDMA – urethane Dimethocrylate.
 TEGDMA-Triethyelene glycol dimethacrylate
 HEMA-Hydroxy ethyl methacrylate


Filler particles
 Benefits

of fillers
 Factors determining the properties
and clinical application of composites


Types of fillers
 Ground

Quartz
 Colloidal Silica
 Glass or ceramic containing heavy
metals


Other fillers :
Tricalcium phosphate,
Zirconium dioxide,
Fillers containing fluoride

Coupling agents
1. Organo-Silane (r-methacryloxy
propyl trimethoxysilane)
2. Titanates.
3. Zirconates.


Activator initiator system
 Chemically

activated resins
 Light activated resins
 Dual cure
 Staged curing


Light activated resins
U

v light
 Visible light
– Advantages
– Draw backs
 Curing

lamps

– LED Lamps
– QTH Lamps
– PAC Lamps
– Argon laser lamps

QTH

PLASMA ARC

ARGON ION LASER


LED

SOFT START POLYMERIZATION
MIYAZAKI and colleagues demonstrated that
composite exhibited improved physical properties
when cured with slow polymerization vs.higher
intensity and faster polymerization. Since then,
studies

have

reported

improved

marginal

adaptation and physical properties of resin-based
composite using this technique, aptly named
“soft-start "polymerization…

PLACEMENT TECHNIQUES TO REDUCE
POLYMERIZATION SHRINKAGE…



Three site novel matrix technique.



Oblique-layering technique.



Successive cusp buildup technique.


THREE SITE NOVEL MATRIX TECHNIQUE…


OBLIQUE LAYERING TECHNIQUE…


SUCCESSIVE CUSP BUILD UP TECHNIQUE..


Factors influence the
polymerization process


Curing time



Shade of resin



Temperature



Thickness of resin



Type of filler



Polymerization shrinkage

classification


According to sturdvent
–
–
–



On the basis of matrix composition
On the basis of polymerization method
Based on range of filler particle size range

According to Phillips
–
–
–
–

Traditional
Small particle
Micro filled
hybrid


According to MARZOUK
 FIRST

GENERATION
 SECOND GENERATION
 THIRD GENERATION
 FOURTH GENERATION
 FIFTH GENERATION
 SIXTH GENERATION


 IDEAL

REQUIREMENTS
 PROPERTIES


PROPERTIES
Biocompatibility
 Microleakage
 IRRITATION FROM ACTIVATOR LIGHT
 RESPONSE OF THE GINGIVAL TISSUES
 Water sorption and solubility
 DEGRADATION IN THE ORAL
ENVIRONMENT
 Color stability
 Polymerisation contraction



MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
 HARDNESS
 RIGIDITY
 FRACTURE

TOUGHNESS

 CREEP
 STRENGHT
 THERMAL

PROPERTIES
 RADIOPACITY

INDICATIONS FOR COMPOSITES
 Indications:

Class I, II, III, IV, V & VI
 Pit & fissure sealants
 Veneers
 Core build up
 Splinting
 Midline diastema



MICROFILLED COMPOSITE RESINS

THEY ARE PUT TO USE IN CASES OF—
CLASS 3

CLASS 5


CONTAINDICATIONS
 Grossly

destructed tooth
 Areas difficult to isolate
 Heavy occlusal stresses
 Poor oral hygiene
 Deep subgingival areas


Advantages
 Good

esthetics
 Conservation of tooth structure
 Improved resistance to microleakage
 Strengthening of remaining tooth
structure
 Low thermal conductivity
 Completion in one appointment
 Economical

Disadvntages
 Highly

technique sensitive
 Higher coefficient of thermal
expansion
 Low modulus of elasticity
 BiocompatibilityOf some components
unknown
 Limited wear resistance in high areas

Clinical consideations
 Depth

of cure
 Marginal defects
 Incremental build up
 Selection of an activator light
 Selection of matrix band
 Placement of a wedge
 Post restoration sequale

Placement of composites
 Pulp

protection
 Acid etching
 Applying bonding agents


Placement of
matrix
 Restoration


– Instruments used
for insertion
– Restoring anterior
teeth
– Restoring posterior
teeth


Finishing and
polishing

Gross finishing with
tungsten carbide burs

Further finishing
with silicon
carbide stone


Finer finishing
with finishing
disk

Final finishing
with rubber
disc

Failures in composite restorations
 Discoloration
 Marginal

fracture
 Recurrent caries
 Post operative sensitivity
 Gross fracture of restoration
 Lack of maintaining contact
 Accumulation of plaque around the
restorations

Marginal staining and
ditching

Recurrent caries


Excess bonding agent

caries not
removed
completely


Lack of isolation


Composi
te being
touched
with
fingers

Composite
fallen on the
tongue

Composite being
placed in the bulk


Features leading to failures
 Incomplete

excavation of caries
 Incomplete etching or failure to
remove residual acid from the
enamel tags
 Double or nonuniform coat of
bonding agent
 Lack of isolation
 Touch of composites with fingers

 Avoid

bulk placement of composites
 Curing
 Finishing and polishing


Advances in composites


 Flowable

composites

– Introduced in 1996
– 20-25% less filler content
– Mechanical properties 60-90%


FLOWABLE COMPOSITE RESINS
•These light cured low viscosity resins are
indicated in conditions like—
•Cervical lesions
•Pediatric restorations
•Small, low-stress bearing areas
•As a liner below posterior composite
restorations


 Packable

/condensable composites

– PRIMM based
– Consistency
– Improved properties
 Increased

flexural modulus
 Increased wear resistance
 Higher depth of cure
 Reduced polymerization shrinkage
 nonstickiness

CONDENSABLE (PACKABLE) COMPOSITE
RESINS
THESE COMPOSITE RESINS ARE
RECOMMENDED FOR USE IN--CLASS 1
CLASS 2
CLASS 6 (MOD)
CAVITY PREPRATIONS

 Solitare

– Introduced in late 1997
– Crushed barium aluminosilicate glass
surfaced with small particles
– Greater the condensation force better is
the packing


 Alert

– Chopped miroglass fibre added to the
standard hybrid composite fillers
– consistency of triturated amalgam
– Bulk curing of thickness 5mm(J Dent
Res 75 (3):1998)


 Surefil

– Execellent handling properties
– Urethane modified BISGMA resin
– Contains 3 different sized fillers
– Tight proximal contact can be achieved
– Bulk curing
(J of Esthetic and restorative Dentistry)




Antibacterial composites
– Chlorhexidene
– MDPB(methacryloxydecyl pyridinium bromide)Imazato et al(1994)
– silver


 Expanding

matrix resins for
composites
– Spiro orthocarbonates
– Thompson et al (1979)
– BISGMA was not compatible
– Curing time prolonged


Compomers
 Resin

ionomer hybrid restorative
material
 Contains both major ingredients of
composites and glass ionomer
 E.g.,
 Dyract
 Dyract AP
 COMPOGLASS

Giomers
 Pre

reacted glass ionomer technology
 Fluoride release and recharge
– F-PRG TECHNOLOGY
– S-PRG TECHNOLOGY
 Ideal

for pedodontic restorations
 E.g., Beautifil
– FL-Bond
– Fluorosealant

SMART COMPOSITES
 Ariston

in 1998
 Ion releasing composite material
 Releases fluoride,hydroxyl and
calcium ions
 Fluoride release more than
compomers


Ormocers






Organically modified ceramics
Anterior and posterior restorative material
Differs in matrix constituent
Polysiloxane matrix
Advantages
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

Biocmpatible
Reduced polymerization shrinkage
High abrasion resistance
Esthetically pleasing
Anticaries properties
Safe handling
Cost effective

Fiber reinforced composite resin
systems
 Preimpregnated

systems

fibre reinforced

– Targisvectris
– Sculpturefibrekor
 Non

impregnated fibre reinforced

– Ribbond
– Glass span


LABORATORY COMPOSITE RESINS
Used for Indirect Preparation of Restorations on the
Dies in the Laboratories for Fabrication Of:

•Inlays
•Crowns
• Veneers bonded to metals
•Metal free bridges

CORE BUILD UP COMPOSITE RESINS
At times, much of the tooth structure is lost from caries
that the crown of the tooth must be built up to receive a
crown.They can be light cured or dual cured.
They offer the following advantages:
•Good bonding to dentin
•Can be finished immediately
•Easy to contour
•High rigidity
•Good color under porcelain

PROVISIONAL COMPOSITE RESINS
These materials are used in the fabrication of
temporary inlays,crowns, and long span
bridges.
The purpose of these is to• Maintain the position of the prepared tooth
•Seal and insulate the preparation and protect
the margins
• Establish proper vertical dimension
• Aid in the diagnosis and treatment planning
• And evaluate esthetic replacements.

Nanocomposites
 Nanostructured

composites

 Biocompatible
 Maintains

the appearance
 Improved perfofmace
 Longetivity
 Superior mechanical properties


Companies materials
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3M ESPE
BISCO
DENMAT
DETRAY DENTSPLY
KERR
PARKELL
PREMEIR
ULTRADENT
IVOCLOR
VOCO
ZENITH

References
PHILIP’S SCIENCE OF DENTAL
MATERIALS-ELEVENTH EDITION
 STURDEVANT’S OPERATIVE DENTISSTRYFOURTH EDITION
 VIMAL K SIKRI’S TEXTBOOK OF
OPERATIVE DENTISTRY
 DALE ASCHEHEIN’S ESTHETIC
DENTISTRY-SECOND EDITION
 WILSON’S ADVANCES IN OPERATIVE
DENTISTRY
 GOOGLE SEARCH



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