1. Integrating Ecological Approach in Watershed Management

12. Bio-Geographic zones of Maharashtra – A case study I Konkan – Narrow strip between Arabian Sea and Western Ghats (Sahyadri), II Crestline of Western Ghats (Sahyadri), III Slopes, IV Dry Deciduous Zone of Marathwada and Khandesh, V Dry evergreen Zone of Vidarbha

14. Few illustrations South facing slopes in Northern Hemisphere receive more sun than north facing ones, for instance, and thus are warmer and tend to be drier. They are also often more sheltered from the cold North-East winds, and these factors influence the biotic community that develops on them. The vegetation itself greatly influences the climate and community. Tall plants, for instance, provide smaller members of the community with shade and protection from wind and rain. The Microclimate of grassland is very much influenced by the height and density of the vegetation. When the height of the vegetation varies in different seasons, the microhabitats will also vary. The activities of herbivorous insects such as caterpillars, grasshoppers are very much influenced by the conditions of humidity and temperature among the grasses on which they feed.

18. Soil Conservation- Ecological Point of View Every landscape has variety of vegetation cover spread all over the landscape through variety of land features right from upper reaches to bottom of any slope for example some where depressions, some where steep and medium slopes, rocky out crops etc. These cover types have a specific character and role to play with that land feature for example reducing erosion, absorbing rain shocks etc. . Shola Forests in ravines

38. Artificial Plantation Vs landscape Mosaic with Natural Cover Types

40. Commonly planted non-native species Gliricidia sp. Eucalyptus sp. Austrailian Acacia

41. Thank You!