The 5 Common Values of Social Entrerpeneurs

The

5
Common
Values
among
5
Social
Entrepreneurs
European Social Entrepreneur Program
2011 Final Report
The ESEP project is organized by ICnet with Cooperación Internacional (NGO)
and the collaboration of InterMedia Consulting.

European Social Entrepreneur Program, 2º edition

Organized by
Red ICnet
Cooperación Internacional ONG

Special collaboration of
InterMedia Consulting

Managers
Pedro González-Aller, Project Manager, Cooperación Internacional ONG
Alberto Muñoz Alfaya, Executive Manager, Cooperación Internacional Madrid
Andrés Laporta, Executive Manager, Cooperación Internacional Madrid
Rafael de Mosteyrin, Executive Manager, Cooperación Internacional Sevilla
Pedro Herraiz, Executive Manager, Cooperación Internacional Aragón

Advisory Board
Reynaldo Rivera, CEO of InterMedia Consulting
Manuel Villalobos, Executive Manager of InterMedia Consulting

Speakers
Martyn Auti, CEO of Life & Soul Pictures (England)
Jaume Sanllorente, CEO of Sonrisas de Bombay NGO (India)
Jan-Philipp Görtz, Director of Political and Government Affairs of Lufthansa (Germany)
Reynaldo Rivera, CEO of InterMedia Consulting (Italy)
Xavier Bosch, CEO of reachOut! NGO (England)

Participants Team:
Raul Fernandez, Raul Sanz, Jesús Gutierrez, Josemaría Muñoz, Joseba García, Javier Astigarraga,
Ángel Lopetegui, Aaron Vidal, Jesús Cantera Servert, Eduardo Serrano Carretero, Jose Maria Gimeno,
Alejandro Berrocal, Nicolas Bernardo Jorge Marina, Fernando Herrero de Egaña, Juan León Gómez Aguilar,
Marcos Heras Carcar, Ignacio Suárez Rodriguez, Julio Bermudez Madrigal, Francisco Segura Gómez, Andres
Miron Lopez, Guillermo Gutierrez Martínez, Pablo Borras Yañez, Miguel Borras Yañez, Ignacio Lopez Lopez,
Ignacio Jose Cubillo Lopez, Manuel Ignacio Candela Temes, Miguel Ángel Sánchez de la Nieta Hernandez,
Santiago López López, Rodrigo Lorenzo Prieto, Raul Fernández Gorroño, Pedro Jiménez Cuevas, Jorge de
Carlos González Gómez, Juan Manuel Victoria Donadeu, Alvaro Jaúdenes Baillo, Jesús Gutiérrez Díaz-
Güemes, José Luís López Soto, Narciso Macías Martínez, Javier Carande Checa, Rafael Mosteyrin, Fernando
de Lecea, Jose María Puyol, Luis Maria Gaisse, Jose Joaquín García Nieto, Rodrigo Mourentan, Jaume Bolos
Labrador, Pedro Herráiz Bayod, Ramon Jimenez Pomareta, Eduardo Martín Lizama, Adrián Martín López,
Jose Manuel Puertolas Solís, Jose Antonio Silva Santos, Gianmmarco Bramato, Emanuele Petrina, Paolo
Romeo, Ricardo Alfieri, Vicenzo Meddis, Roberto Vera, Juan Pablo Blanco Muñoz, Pedro Pablo Arriagada,
Andres Laporta Zaldivar, Ricardo Vela Navarro-Rubio, Allan Böhm and Josef Mudra.

Tags: Leadership, volunteerism, social entrepreneurs, solidarity, europe

Survey: We used the survey published in the book "Terzo settore, mondi vitali e capitale
sociale, Pierpaolo Donati, Ivo Colozzi. Ed, Franco Angeli, 2007". This survey was designed and used for a
study developed by Professor Donati in the Sociology Department of the University of Bologna, Italy.

Published by InterMedia Consulting and Cooperación Internacional

Cover Photo: Ismael Martínez . Suka, Uganda. ismaelmartinezsanchez@gmail.com

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Index
What is the European Social Entrepreneur Program (ESEP)? 4

The Goals of the project 5

Where we have developed the project? 6

Insight: The 5 common values among social entrepreneurs 8

Results: Subsequent consideration and suggestions 12

The Survey (English version) 13

The Survey (Spanish version) 25

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What
is the European Social Entrepreneur Program (ESEP)?

The ESEP aims to discover, guide and train community leaders. This program is organized
by ICnet with Cooperación Internacional (NGO) in collaboration with InterMedia Consulting. Social
entrepreneurs are (quoting Ashoka) individuals with innovative solutions to society’s most
pressing social problems. They are ambitious and persistent, tackling major social issues and
offering new ideas for wide-scale changes.

Rather than leaving societal needs to the government or business sectors, social
entrepreneurs find what is not working and solve the problem by changing the system, spreading
the solution, and persuading entire societies to take new leaps.

Social entrepreneurs often seem to be possessed by their ideas, committing their lives to
changing the direction of their field. They are both visionaries and ultimate realists, concerned
with the practical implementation of their vision above all else. But, what kind of ideas? The
project aims to discover the excellent ideas behind social entrepreneurs through a research.

Each social entrepreneur presents ideas that are user-friendly, understandable, ethical, and
engage widespread support in order to maximize the number of local people that will stand up,
seize their idea, and implement it. In other words, every leading social entrepreneur is a mass
recruiter of local change makers.

4

Goals
of the project.

The project aims to discover the common values among social entrepreneurs in order to
discover, guide and train university students to become Social Entrepreneurs understanding the
qualities and competences they share, and the motivations they have for developing their
projects.

The project goals were:
• To Create an international network that provides opportunities to improve the ideas of
young entrepreneurs.
• To Increase knowledge management in the social sector strengthening contacts,
partnerships and mutual learning among young people to achieve constant innovation in
the third sector.
• To Discover the values behind Social Entrepreneurs through a research.
• To Improve understanding of the key areas of the third sector: education, environment,
health, human rights, citizen participation, economic development, etc.

The goals were accomplished in a twofold stages project: firstly by a survey on social
leaders profile and secondly by 3 international workshops with social entrepreneurs explaining
their field experiences and sharing the urgency of taking an active role in society. In order to
promote voluntarism the speakers talked about:
1. the social importance of helping others
2. the attitudes one ought to have towards professional life, teamworking, development
of personality and running social projects that take into account the importance
of social responsibility.

5

Where
do we have developed the project?

The project had three international meetings: Paris (9 to 12 December 2010), Berlin (3 to
March 6, 2011) and the final meeting in Rome (17 to 20 April, 2011).

Paris (9 to 12 December 2010)
70 university students from Spain, Italy and France met in Paris for the opening of the 2nd
edition ESEP project.

The following participated in the meeting: Álvaro Baños, Manager of Cooperación
Internacional, who presented the ESEP Project and the goals of Cooperación Internacional through
this Project. Manuel Villalobos, from InterMedia Consulting, who explained the process of the
scientific research and methodology inside the Project, and Martin Auti from Life & Soul Pictures,
who showed us through different films the power of the media in order to spread good values
inside the Social Entrepreneur Project around the world.

Berlin (3 to March 6, 2011)
Around 80 university students from Spain, Italy, Czech Republic and Slovakia met in Berlin
for the 2nd meeting of the ESEP project.

The keynote speakers were Jaume Sanllorente, founder of the NGO Bombay Smiles, and
Jan-Philipp Görtz, Director of Political and Government Affairs of Lufthansa.

Their presentations highlighted: the importance of the family as an essential element in the
formation of values necessary to develop social awareness earlier in life; and the importance of
knowing and properly treat those around us as a first step towards acquiring and developing our

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capabilities as an entrepreneurs. They stressed that values and virtues can be acquired in the daily
service to others: at work, in lessons, in the family, with friends ... No more waiting solidarity
courses, fields of work or extraordinary social activities.

In the previous months the participants have been conducting interviews and surveys with
social entrepreneurs in order to get to know the qualities and characteristics they share, and the
motivations that they have for developing their projects. The young college graduates had the
opportunity to share their research on common values among social entrepreneurs in Berlin. A
group from Italy stressed the importance of the family as a shaper of attitudes and values such
as solidarity, the spirit of service and as support to any difficulties in the development of their
projects.

The Spanish group stressed some values as the sense of work well done, solidarity,
knowledge of reality, hope and commitment to help those around us.

At the end, were presented some "best practices" on social entrepreneurship. First
presentation was conducted by Javier Gonzalez from Fontal University Association. Their project
aims to promote reading among teens. Then, Manuel Villalobos, InterMedia Consulting,
presented "Safe Social Media Project" to promote a responsible use of social media among
teenagers.

Rome (17 to 20 April, 2011)
On Tuesday April 19th, about 200 academics from five continents participated in the final
phase of the ESEP project in Rome.

The keynote speaker was Xavier Bosch CEO of ReachOut!, who spoke about what
ReachOut! does (offer volunteering opportunities to more than 400 young people helping children
living in difficult situations) and why he does it -offering positive and proactive approach to
problem solving. Not waiting for things to happen, but make them happen; to discover the joy of
giving. He referred to one of ReachOut! themes: “change the world, start in Manchester” to
encourage the audience to do things in their cities without necessarily waiting for opportunities to
do something good somewhere else. There a need to give whenever one is.

Then Manuel Villalobos presented the results of the research carried out during the
project entitled "The 5 common values among social entrepreneurs". These were: 1. The
importance of family as a promoter of human values; 2. Strong sense of solidarity; 3.
Professionalism, responsibility and autonomy at work; 4. Religious values; 5. Social Capital.
Empathy and good social relations.

At the end, Reynaldo Rivera CEO of InterMedia Consulting, explained how to apply The
Dragon Fly Effect on social networks. The paper carried the title: "Changing the world through
social networks."

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Insight
The 5 Common Values shared by Social Entrepreneurs

The project aims to discover the common values among social entrepreneurs in order to
discover, guide and train university students a possible way to be Social Entrepreneurs helping
others and to get to know the qualities and characteristics they share, and the motivations that
they have for developing their projects.

We present you the survey published in "Terzo settore, mondi vitali e capitale
sociale, Pierpaolo Donati, Ivo Colozzi. Ed, Franco Angeli, 2007". This survey was designed and used
for a study developed by Professor Donati in the Sociology Department of the University of
Bologna, Italy. In order to adapt the survey to our research we added more questions related with
the project.

Some statistics on our research:

The number of Social Entrepreneurs interviewed was 25.
The main fields of action were: healthcare (30%) and social assistance (30%).
56% of those interviewed were CEO´s of their organizations.
The main beneficiaries of their service were: children (36%), persons with illnesses and/or
disabilities (18%), and youth (14%).

We present in the following pages the Common Values shared by social entrepreneurs.

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1. The importance of family as a promoter of human values.

In the question related on “How much would you like to have a fully trustworthy, proximity, desire
to relationship and collaboration with family and regular citizens”, 100% strongly agreed.

100% agree or strongly agree that in the development of their work they can rely on collaboration
with family and regular citizens.

As you remember, the keynote speakers in Berlin (were Jauma Sanllorente, founder of the NGO
Bombay Smiles, and Jan-Philipp Görtz, Director of Political and Government Affairs of Lufthansa).
In their presentations they highlighted: the importance of the family as an essential element in the
formation of values necessary to develop social awareness earlier in life; and the importance of
knowing and properly treating those around us as a first step towards acquiring and developing
our capabilities as entrepreneurs. They stressed that values and virtues can be acquired in the
daily service to others: at work, in lessons, in the family, with friends ... No more waiting solidarity
courses, fields of work or extraordinary social activities.

2. Strong sense of solidarity

78% agree that subsidiarity means orienting effort to territory and community.

58% agree that the role of Public institutions acknowledges that NGO is: to compensate
insufficient service offer on behalf of public entities, while 29% prefer to form partnership with
public entities with an equal share of responsibilities and decision-making powers.

50% agree that the persons who will participate in the future in the third sector organizations will
do it in the spirit of solidarity while 29% think volunteers will do it because there is a need for
goods and services to be managed by the organizations. Only 21% think that volunteers do it to
find a job.

88% agree or strongly agree that spreading culture of solidarity through awareness raising
campaigns help people to be volunteers.
Facing a possible reduction in the number of volunteer or active members, 68% agree or strongly
agree that they do not want reduce their activities and service to society.

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3. Professionalism, responsibility and autonomy at work.

36% worked -before their current organization- managing a Corporation, while 64% have not done
so. Before their experience in their current organization 40% said that never were involve in the
area of 3rd sector.
In the other hand, 52% work over 2 years in the 3er sector.

If 40% never worked in the 3rd sector, and 52% goes back more than 2 years working in the 3rd
sector, we could say that nowadays the people goes on directly to work in the 3rd sector and they
consider their role in the 3rd sector as a professional way of life.

88% think that subsidiarity means that the public entity must lay the conditions for persons and
organizations to enable them to solve their needs in an autonomous way (empowerment)
And the 62% think that subsidiarity alone is not enough as a way out of country problems.

46% think that the most probable destination of the third sector will always get closer and similar
to the companies in the market, and in the other hand 46% think that it will be converted into an
autonomous place.

We could say that they prefer to be autonomous than to depend on public institutions. In fact,
there is a strong lack of trust in political and public institutions. In fulfilling their position as
manager 78% distrust in the government, 64% distrust in the parliament and 64% distrust in the
local administration. And at the end: in the development of their work 64% prefer do not rely on
collaboration with political parties.

In the other hand, some speakers affirm that taking part in volunteering activities: 1) Help you to
your personal development and 2) Contribute to increase your skills and capabilities for your
professional profile.

4. Trust in religious values

70% trust or strongly trust the Catholic Church above of local administration, government and
parliament.
Since they began to work in the 3rd sector, the level of trust for 68% between NGO and Catholic
church was the same, for 16% better than before. While the level of trust in public institutions as
local administration, government and parliament was worse.

In the question related to proximity, desire to relationship and collaboration between NGO and
religious organization, the 82% was strongly agree.
64% consider themself as a religious person and 54% once time per week or more, go to religious
activities. All of this information let us think that there is trust in the Church and religious values.

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5. Social Capital. Empathy and good social relations.

68% agree or strongly that when they began to work in the 3rd sector, they have more friends
than before.
96% agree or strongly agree to trust in members of 3rd sector, and 96% gave the same rating of
trust to volunteer managers.
When they began to work in the 3rd sector, 60% think that their relation to the members of the
3rd sector improved, and 52% improved their relation with volunteer manager.

In the statement “most people are trustworthy”, 96% agree or strongly agree.

In the development of their work, 95% said that their organization can rely on collaboration with
the others members of the 3rd sector, 84% agree or strongly agree to collaborate with family and
regular citizens, 88% to collaborate with corporation. But not to collaborate with political parties
(64% gave 4 or less points)

In the question related to proximity, desire to relationship, trustworthy and collaboration between
their organizations and different entities, the 91% strongly agree to do networking with
corporations, and the 3rd sector.

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Results
Subsequent consideration and suggestions

In conclusion we could say that social entrepreneurs recognized in the family an institution
that builds social capital based on education in values and the atmosphere of confidence which
prevails in the relationship between its members. This latter in turn promotes ties of solidarity
among them and this is also leads them to get other people involved in civic duties in favour of the
rest of the society.

The social entrepreneurs' great sense of solidarity is reflected in their willingness to be
officially responsible for the development of the underprivileged. They also show great trust to
those who belong to the third sector and to the society in general. In the activities that they carry
out, they prefer to be autonomous from the state and public institutions which they consider to
be ineffective in social development and to be beset by the lack of confidence by the public as well
as being prone to use for certain political interests.

Finally, they recognize that religious values encourage social responsibility and solidarity.

We can affirm that the entrepreneurs who work in the third sector attribute great
importance to the family and to religious values which they believe create the necessary
conditions that encourage and facilitate the participation of persons in social initiatives.

Contact us:
InterMedia Consulting
Via Torquato Taramlli, 14.
00197 Roma
info@intermediaconsulting.org
www.intermediaconsulting.org
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The Survey
The ESEP questionnaire is based (with some modifications) on the study designed and developed
by Professors Pierpaolo Donati and Ivo Colozzi, Department of Sociology in the University of
Bologna, Italy. Their survey was published in "Terzo settore, mondi vitali e capitale
sociale, Pierpaolo Donati, Ivo Colozzi. Ed, Franco Angeli, 2007".

English version:

INTERVIEW (qualitative) It is an interview that will be audio recorded in all cases, and video recorded only
when interviewer asks so. In both cases authorization is required.

D1- PERSONAL RETROSPECTIVE DATA.

The aim is to explore areas such as: training, family, experiences… in order to analyze two issues:

• The motivations which led him/her to becoming a social entrepreneur

• The possible common features to all social entrepreneurs.

Thank you very much for participating in this interview. Please allow me to ask a few open questions before
moving on to questions with closed answers.

What type of activities is your NGO involved in? What is its mission?

What drove you to work in this area? Was there a particular experience that inspired you?

In your opinion, how much did your family and friends influence your decision to work in a third sector
organization?

What aspect/activity/experience within this NGO motivates you the most?

D2- SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR CONCEPT

From your point of view, what values define a social entrepreneur? In order for a young person to become
a social entrepreneur, do you think he/she needs specific values and lifestyle? What would they be?

According to your experience, how can you promote participation in volunteering activities among
teenagers and young people?

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People with ambition either “want to do something” or “want to become something”. Where would you
place a social entrepreneur according to this classification?

D3- INITIATIVE DEVELOPMENT. VOLUNTEERS.

The aim here is to inquire about the organization, what difficulties have raised and how have they been
solved.

Have you had difficult episodes within your NGO? Could you tell me about one? How did you overcome it?

How do you recruit volunteers for your NGO?

How important do you believe religion is in training the young to become social entrepreneurs? How about
political involvement?

SURVEY
Before we begin this interview, we inform you that any information gathered will be handled exclusively
for statistic purposes, with no connection whatsoever between your NGO and personal data.

ENTITY

Type

1. Volunteering organization 4. Foundation

2. Social cooperative 5. Federation

3. Association for social promotion 6. Confederation

PRESENTATION

1)

What is your role within the organization?

1. President 3. Adviser (managing director, member of
administration council...)
2. Vice-president
4. Other

INFORMATION ABOUT THE ENTITY

(To all)

2)

What sector does your organization mainly operate in?

1. Healthcare (including psycho-social assistance)

2. Social assistance (including actions to promote access to housing, counseling, providing food)

3. Culture

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4. Civil defense

5. Instruction, education, training (including research)

6. Protection of the environment and cultural goods

7. Protection/promotion of rights (consumers, human rights, formal complaints, etc.)

8. Sport and recreational activities

9. Other

3)

What type of beneficiaries (target group) do you have?

1. Members only

2. Members and external beneficiaries

3. External beneficiaries only

3.1.) Among the following external beneficiaries, please select the priority group (only one):

1. Families 11. Convicts and ex-convicts

2. Children 12. Homeless persons

3. Youth 13. Persons in emergency situations
(disasters, catastrophies…)
4. The elderly
14. Persons in risk of exclusion
5. Women
15. Persons in poverty situations
6. Persons with drug-related dependency or
other addictions. 16. Unemployed persons

7. Persons with illnesses and/or disabilities 17. Battered persons

8. Refugies and asylum seekers 18. Persons who practice prostitution

9. Immigant persons 19. Volunteers and/or professionals

10. Persons belonging to ethnic minorities

4)

Could you indicate an approximate percentage of volunteer members in your organization?

1. None 0% 3. Between 26% and 50%

2. Below 25% 4. Over 50%

5)

Please select your level of responsibility:

1. National 3. Local

2. Regional 4. Provincial

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6)

Prior to your experience in your current organization, which of the following areas did you work in?

1. Parrish... church-related fields 5. Social movements

2. Other third sector organizations 6. Public institutions (at local, regional or
provincial level)
3. Trade unions
7. None of the above
4. Political parties
7)

Before engaging with your current third sector organization, have you developed a managing position
within a corporation?

1. Yes 3. I don’t know / prefer not to answer

2. No

8)

For how many years have you been involved with this organization before holding your current position?

1. Less than a year 3. Over two years

2. Between one and two years 4. I don’t know / prefer not to answer

Now, based on your personal experience as manager of this organization I will ask you to evaluate and
express your opinion on a few subjects.

(To all)

9)

Percentagewise, how many friends (people you can trust anytime) are part of your organization?

0. 0% 6. 60%

1. 10% 7. 70%

2. 20% 8. 80%

3. 30% 9. 90%

4. 40% 10. 100%

5. 50% 999. I could not specify

10)

Also related to friendship, since you hold a managing position in this organization could you say that you
have…

1. Less friends than before 3. More friends than before

2. The same friends as before 999. I could not specify

11)

In fulfilling your position as manager, how much trust do you hold in the following: (0 is none, 10 is
complete trust and 999 you don’t know)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 999
a) Catholic church
b) Local administration
c) Parliament
d) Government
e) Corporations

f) Media (journalists, columnists, etc.)

g) Trade unions

h) Members of third sector organizations you belong to.
i) Other volunteer managers
j) Other managers of social cooperatives

k) Other managers of associations for social promotion

12)

Since you hold a managing position within your organization, how has your trust in the following subjects
changed? Is it better, worse or has it remained the same? 1 = worsened, 2= remained the same, 3=
improved, 4= I don’t know)

4I
1 worse 2 same don’t
3 better
know

a) Catholic church

b) Local administration
c) Parliament
d) Government
e) Corporations

f) Media (journalists, columnists, etc.)
g) Trade unions

Members of third sector organizations
h) you belong to.

i) Other volunteer managers

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j) Other managers of social cooperatives

Other managers of associations for
k) social promotion

13)

How much do you agree with the following statement: “Most people are trustworthy”

(0= completely disagree, 10= completely agree and 999= I don’t know)

0. 0 = completely disagree 6. 6

1. 1 7. 7

2. 2 8. 8

3. 3 9. 9

4. 4 10. 10 = completely agree

5. 5 999. I don’t know

14)

Currently, in the development of your work, how much can your organization rely on collaboration with…

(0= not at all, 10= completely y 999= I don’t know)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 999

a) Corporations
b) Public entities

c) Other third sector organizations

d) Religious organisations
e) Political parties

f) Family and regular citizens
15)

How much would you like it for you organization to have a fully trustworthy relationship and
collaboration with the following subjects?

(0= not at all, 10= completely y 999= I don’t know)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 999
a) Corporations
b) Public entities

c) Other third sector organizations

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d) Religious organisations
e) Political parties

f) Family and regular citizens

SUBSIDIARIETY/ ACTIVE CITIZENSHIP

(To all)

16)

Which of the following definitions do you broadly agree with?

Subsidiarity means…

1. That the public entity must DIRECTLY HELP people and organizations in need.

2. That the public entity must LAY THE CONDITIONS for persons and organizations to enable them to
SOLVE their needs IN AN AUTONOMOUS WAY (empowerment).

999. I don’t know.

17)

What do you think of the following statement? “The way out of problems, not strictly economical, that
occur in our country is directly related to a greater application of the subsidiarity principle”

1. I share this statement 3. Subsidiarity alone is not enough, more
needs to be done
2. I do not share this statement
999. I don’t know
18)

According to you, your organization should be subsidiary mainly for…

1. Its members 3. The target territory / community.

2. The social agents (of the state, region, 999. I don’t know
province or neighborhood)

19)

According to you, what role should PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS acknowledge to THIRD SECTOR
ORGANIZATIONS in general and SERVICE PROVIDERS in particular?

1. Substitute public entities in intervention 3. Form partnerships with public entities
and service-provision management in the with an equal share of responsibilities and
most accurate way decision-making powers.

2. Compensate insufficient service offer on 999. I don’t know
behalf of public entities

20)

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According to you, the persons who will participate in the third sector organizations in the future, will do it
mainly...

1. Because there is a need for goods and 3. To participate in the political life of the
services to be managed by the country.
organizations.
4. To build new practices of solidarity.
2. To be able to find a job.
999. I don’t know.

You will be asked next according to the field of the institution.

- If it is a Volunteering organization

21a)

According to you, in the next five years, the number of VOLUNTEERS in your Volunteering organization…

1. Will be reduced. 3. Will increase.

2. Will remain stable. 999. I don’t know.

- If it is a Social cooperative

21b)

According to you, in the next five years, the number of SOCIAL VOLUNTEERS in your Social cooperative…



- If it is an Association / Foundation / Confederation

21c)

According to you, in the next five years, the number of ACTIVE MEMBERS in your Association for social
promotion…



- Only if it is a Volunteering organization

22a)

Facing a possible reduction in the number of volunteers, your VOLUNTEERING ORGANIZATION could have
several options at its disposal. How much do you agree with each of the following possibilities? (0 = not
at all, 10= completely and 999 I don’t know)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 999
a) Increasing the hiring of workers

Urging the State to make the
b) civil service compulsory

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Searching to spread the culture
of solidarity through awareness
c) raising campaigns.
d) Reducing its activity
Searching to involve nearby
persons (relatives, friends,
e) acquaintances, etc.)
Strengthening links with other
f) organizations.

- Only if it is a Cooperative

22b)

Facing a possible reduction in the number of volunteering members, your SOCIAL COOPERATIVE could
have several options at its disposal. How much do you agree with each of the following possibilities? (0 =
not at all, 10= completely and 999 I don’t know)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 999



c) campaigns.
f) organizations.

- Only if it is an Association / Foundation / Confederation

22c)

Facing a possible reduction in the number of active members, your ASSOCIATION FOR SOCIAL
PROMOTION could have at several options at its disposal.

(0 = not at all, 10= completely and 999 I don’t know)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 999


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c) campaigns.
f) organizations.

(To all)

23)

According to you, what is the most probable destination of the third sector?

1) It will always get closer and similar to the companies on the market.

2) It will always get closer and similar to public entities.

3) It will be converted into an autonomous place where there would be more community ways of life.

4) I don’t know.

CLASSIFICATION DATA

(To all)

24)

Sex

1. Male 2. Female

25)

Year of birth

From 14 to 99 years old

26)

What is your level of studies?

1. None or elementary 5. Five-year degree (MA)

2. Secondary school certificate 6. Postgraduate certificate (master’s
degree, PhD, etc.)
3. High school certificate
999. No response
4. Three-year degree
27)

22

What is your working situation?

0. Pension or retired from work 7. Unfit to work

1. Houseworker 8. Not working because I am wealthy

2. Student 9. Worker depending on the private sector

3. Civil service 10. Worker depending on the public sector

4. Unemployed 11. Freelancer

5. Living with unemployment benefit 12. Unusual worker

6. Looking for my first job 999. No response

28) (Se cod. 1,6 e da 10 a 14 a Dom.27)

a) Apart from your dedication to your organization, are you developing another profession? Can you tell
me which one?

b) If you are retired or you are living with an unemployment benefit, could you tell which your previous
profession was?

As an employee.

1. Manager (director, inspector, civil 5. Executive employee (NCO, secretary,
servant, magistrate, professor) security guard, typist, etc.)

2. Directive career (technical license, 6. Worker (building chief, operative,
superior officer, biologist, doctor, etc.) qualified worker, tram driver, sweeper,
agricultural laborer, workman,
3. Teacher houseworker, etc.)
4. Personal employee (technician, three-
year graduate, inferior officer, general
employee, office manager)

As a freelancer.

7. Entrepreneur with less than 5 13. Free professional (who is registered to
dependents professional orders) alone with partners

8. Entrepreneur with at least 5 dependents 14. Freelancer with no partners

9. Artisan with less than 5 dependents 15. Freelancer with partners

10. Artisan with at least 5 dependents 16. Cooperative partner

11. Holder of commercial exercise 17. Relative collaborating with freelance

12. Free professional (who is registered to 18. Another type of freelance
professional orders) alone with no
partners

23

Unusual job

19. Work based on projects. Coordinated and 21. Without agreement or unregulated work
continuing collaboration
22. Working for the organization only
20. Occasional collaboration
999. No response
29)

If you had to place yourself on a political scale going from the extreme left-wing to extreme right-wing,
where would you do it?

1. Extreme left-wing 5. Centre closer to the right-wing

2. Left-wing 6. Right-wing

3. Centre closer to the left-wing 7. Extreme right-wing

4. Centre 999. No response

30)

You consider yourself…

1. A religious person 3. Nonbeliever in any religion

2. A little religious person 999. No response

31) (Please answer the following question only if you answered 1 or 2 in the previous question)

How often do you usually participate in the rites of your religion? (i.e. Mass or similar weekly rite)

1. Never 5. Once or twice per month

2. Only in special events (marriage, funeral) 6. Once per week

3. Only in solemnities 7. Several times per week

4. Several times per year 999. No response

FINAL DATA

32)

a) Phone number:

b) E-mail:

c) Registered name of the entity:

d) Type of entity:

e) Region:

Thank you very much for your participation

24

Versión española:

ENTREVISTA (CUALITATIVA) Advertencia: Siempre convendrá pedir autorización para registrar, sea audio
o vídeo. En todos los casos será preferible registrar al menos el audio.

D1- ASPECTOS PERSONALES RETROSPECTIVOS.

Se trata de explorar ámbitos como: formación, familia, experiencias… para analizar dos aspectos:

• Las motivaciones que le han llevado a ser emprendedor social

• Los posibles rasgos comunes de los emprendedores sociales.

Muchas gracias por acceder a esta entrevista. Si me lo permite, quisiera hacerle algunas preguntas abiertas,
antes de pasar a las que presentan opciones.

¿Qué tipo de actividades realiza su ONG? ¿Cuál es su misión?

¿Qué fue lo que le impulsó dedicarse a esta actividad? ¿Hubo alguna experiencia particular que le motivó a
tomar esa decisión?

¿Cuánto cree usted que su familia, escuela y amigos influenciaron su elección de trabajar en una
organización del tercer sector?

¿Qué cosa / actividad / experiencia de esta ONG le motiva más?

D2- CONCEPTO DE EMPRENDEDOR SOCIAL.

Desde su punto de vista, ¿Qué valores definirían a un emprendedor social? Para que un joven pueda
transformarse en un emprendedor social, ¿cree Ud. que tiene que tener ciertos valores y estilo de vida?
¿Cuáles?

De acuerdo a su experiencia, ¿cómo se puede promover la participación en actividades de voluntariado
entre los adolescentes y los jóvenes?

Las personas con ambición, se dividen en “los que quieren hacer algo” y “los que quieren ser algo”. ¿Dónde
situaría a un emprendedor social?

D3- DESARROLLO DE SUS INICIATIVAS. VOLUNTARIOS.

Se trataría de indagar cómo es su organización, qué problemas y dificultades ha tenido y cómo los ha
superado.

¿Ha tenido episodios difíciles en su ONG? ¿Podría contarme uno? ¿Cómo logró resolverlos?

¿Cómo incorpora voluntarios a su ONG?
25

¿Cuánto cree que es importante la religión en la formación de los jóvenes como emprendedores sociales?
¿Y el empeño en política?

ENCUESTA

El Proyecto ESEP se basa para el relevamiento de datos (con algunas modificaciones) en la encuesta
publicada en “Terzo settore, mondi vitali e capitale sociale, Pierpaolo Donati e Ivo Colozzi. Ed, Franco Angeli,
2007”. Esta encuesta fue diseñada y utilizada para una investigación científica conducida por el Prof.Donati
en el Departamento de Sociología de la Universidad de Bolonia, Italia.

Antes de comenzar con esta entrevista, Le confirmamos que cualquier información que nos de, será
tratada solo para fines estadísticos sin conexión con vuestro ente o datos personales.

ENTE

Tipología de OTS

1. Organización de voluntariado 4. Fundación

2. Cooperativa social 5. Federación

3. Asociación de promoción social 6. Confederación

PRESENTACIÓN

1)

¿Qué encargo tiene en la organización?

1. Presidente 3. Consejero (miembro directivo, del
consejo de administración)
2. Vicepresidente
4. Otro

INFORMACIÓN SOBRE EL ENTE

(A todos)

2)

¿En qué sector opera principalmente su organización?

1. Sanidad (incluye asistencia psico- 4. Protección civil
social)
5. Instrucción, educación, formación
2. Asistencia social (incluye también (incluye investigación)
acciones de promoción de acceso a la vivienda,
asesoramiento, orientación, alimentación) 6. Protección del ambiente y de bienes
culturales
3. Cultura
26

7. Tutela/promoción de los derechos 9. Otros
(consumidores, derechos humanos,
denuncia, etc.)

8. Actividades deportivas y recreativas

3)

¿Y qué tipo de beneficiarios (colectivos de atención) tiene?

1. Solo socios

2. Socios y beneficiarios externos

3. Solo beneficiarios externos

3.1.) De los beneficiarios externos, podría seleccionar los prioritarios (sólo 1):

1. Familias 11. Personas reclusas y ex reclusas

2. Niños 12. Personas sin hogar

3. Jóvenes 13. Personas en situación de emergencia
(catástrofes...)
4. Personas mayores
14. Personas en situación o riesgo de
5. Mujeres exclusión
6. Personas con drogodependencias o 15. Personas en situación de pobreza
adicciones
16. Personas desempleadas
7. Personas con enfermedades y/o
discapacidades 17. Personas maltratadas

8. Refugiados y demandantes de asilo 18. Personas que ejercen la prostitución

9. Personas inmigrantes 19. Voluntarios/as y/o profesionales

10. Personas pertenecientes a minorías
étnicas

4)

¿Podría indicarme el porcentaje aproximativo de socios voluntarios en su organización?

1. Ninguno 0% 3. Del 26% al 50%

2. Hasta 25% 4. Más de 50%

5)

Usted es responsable a nivel…

1. Nacional 3. Local

2. Regional 4. Provincial
27

6)

Antes de comenzar la experiencia en su actual organización, ¿en cuál de los siguientes ámbitos
trabajaba?

1. Parroquia… ámbito eclesial 5. Movimientos sociales

2. Otras organizaciones del tercer sector 6. Instituciones públicas (locales,
comunales, provinciales, …)
3. Sindicatos
7. En ninguno de estos ámbitos
4. Partidos políticos
7)

Antes de empeñarse en su actual organización del tercer sector, ¿ha desarrollado un papel directivo en
cualquier empresa del mercado?

1. Si 3. No sé/no contesto

2. No

8)

¿Durante cuantos años ha participado en la vida de esta organización antes de llegar a su actual cargo?

1. Menos de 1 año 3. Más de 2 años

2. De 1 a 2 años 4. No sé/no contesto

Ahora, a la luz de su experiencia personal de responsable de esta organización le preguntaré algunas
valoraciones y opiniones.

(A todos)

9)

Considerando como amigos a las personas sobre las que sabe que puede confiar en cualquier momento,
en porcentaje, ¿cuántas de estas son parte de su organización?

0. 0% 6. 60%

1. 10% 7. 70%

2. 20% 8. 80%

3. 30% 9. 90%

4. 40% 10. 100%

5. 50% 999. No sabría indicar

10)

Siempre en relación al tema de los amigos, desde que usted es responsable de esta organización, podría
decir que…

1. Tiene menos amigos que antes 3. Tiene más amigos que antes

2. Los amigos siguen siendo los de siempre 999. No sabría indicar

11)

En el desarrollo de su papel de responsable, cuanta confianza tiene en los siguientes sujetos: (siendo 0 =
ninguna confianza, 10= completa confianza y 999= no sabe)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 999
a) Iglesia Católica
b) Adminstraciones locales
c) Parlamento
d) Gobierno
e) Empresas con fines de lucro

Mundo de los medios de comunicación (periodistas,
f) columnistas, etc.)

g) Sindicatos

Miembros de organizaciones del tercer sector a las
h) que pertenece.
i) Otros resposanbles del voluntariado

j) Otros responsables de las cooperativas sociales

Otros responsables de las asociaciones de promoción
k) social

12)

Desde que es responsable de su organización, ¿cómo ha variado la confianza en los siguientes sujetos?
¿Ha sido empeorada, invariada o mejorada? (siendo 1 = empeorada, 2= invariada, 3= mejorada, 4= no sé)

1 empeorada 2 invariada 3 mejorada 4 no sé
a) Iglesia Católica

b) Adminstraciones locales
c) Parlamento
d) Gobierno
e) Empresas con fines de lucro

Mundo de los medios de comunicación
f) (periodistas, columnistas, etc.)
g) Sindicatos
Miembros de organizaciones del tercer
h) sector a las que pertenece.

i) Otros resposanbles del voluntariado
Otros responsables de las cooperativas
j) sociales

Otros responsables de las asociaciones
k) de promoción social

13)

¿Cuánto está de acuerdo con la siguiente afirmación: “Gran parte de la gente es digna de confianza”?

(Siendo 0= nada de acuerdo, 10= completamente de acuerdo y 999= no sé)

0. 0 = nada de acuerdo 6. 6

1. 1 7. 7

2. 2 8. 8

3. 3 9. 9

4. 4 10. 10 = completamente de acuerdo

5. 5

999. No sé

14)

Actualmente en el desarrollo de sus deberes, cuanto su organización puede fiarse realmente de la
colaboración con…

(Siendo 0= para nada, 10= del todo y 999= no sé)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 999

a) Empresas con fines de lucro
b) Entes públicos

c) Otras organizaciones del tercer sector

d) Organizaciones religiosas
e) Partidos políticos

f) Familias y ciudadanos corrientes

15)

¿Cuánto desearía que su organización pudiera tener una relación de plena confianza y colaboración con
los siguientes sujetos?

(Siendo 0= para nada, 10 muchísimo y 999. no sé)

30

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 999

a) Empresas con fines de lucro
b) Entes públicos

c) Otras organizaciones del tercer sector

d) Organizaciones religiosas
e) Partidos políticos

f) Familias y ciudadanos corrientes

SUBSIDIARIEDAD/CIUDADANÍA ACTIVA

(A todos)

16)

¿Cuáles de las siguientes definiciones usted condivide mayormente?

Subsidiariedad significa…

1. Que el ente público debe AYUDAR DIRECTAMENTE a las personas y a las organizaciones que tienen
necesidad.

2. Que el ente público debe PONER EN CONDICIONES a las personas y a las organizaciones para que
sean capaces de RESOLVER AUTONOMAMENTE sus propias necesidades.

999. No sé.

17)

¿Qué piensa de la siguiente afirmación “la vía de salida de los problemas, no solo económicos, de nuestro
País pasa necesariamente por una mayor aplicación del principio de subsidiariedad”?

1. Comparto tal afirmación 3. La subsidiariedad por si sola no basta, se
necesita algo más.
2. No comparto tal afirmación
999. No sé.
18)

Según usted, su organización debería ser subsidiaria principalmente hacia…

1. Sus miembros 3. El territorio /la comunidad en que opera.

2. Los agentes sociales (del estado o de la 999. No sé
región, o de la Provincia o del barrio)

31

19)

Según usted, las INSTITUCIONES PÚBLICAS qué función DEBERÍAN RECONOCER a las organizaciones del
tercer sector y, más en general, a las organizaciones prestadoras de servicios…

1. De sustituir lo más exactamente posible 3. De ser socios de los entes públicos con
los entes públicos en la gestión de igual responsabilidad y poder decisional.
intervenciones y servicios.
999. No sé.
2. De compensar la insuficiente oferta de
servicios de parte de los entes públicos.

20)

Según usted, en el futuro las personas que entrarán en las organizaciones del tercer sector lo harán
principalmente…

1. Por una necesidad de bienes y servicios 4. Para construir nuevas prácticas de
gestionados por las organizaciones. solidaridad.

2. Para poder encontrar trabajo. 999. No sé

3. Para participar en la vida política del País.

A continuación hacer una de las siguientes preguntas en función de en qué ámbito se encuentre la
institución.

- Si se trata de una Organización de voluntariado

21a)

Según usted, en los próximos 5 años, el número de VOLUNTARIOS de su Organización de voluntariado…

1. Se reducirá 3. Crecerá

2. Permanecerá estable 999. No sé

- Si se trata de una Cooperativa social

21b)

Según usted, en los próximos 5 años, el número de SOCIOS VOLUNTARIOS de su Cooperativa social…



32

- Si se trata de una Asociación /Fundación / Confederación

21c)

Según usted, en los próximos 5 años, el número de ASOCIADOS ACTIVOS de su Asociación de promoción
social…



- Solo si se trata de una Organizaciones de voluntariado

22a)

De frente a una posible reducción de voluntarios, su ORGANIZACIÓN DE VOLUNTARIOS podría tener a
disposición diversas opciones ¿Cuánto está de acuerdo con cada una de las siguientes posibilidades?

(Siendo 0 = nada, 10= completamente y 999 No sé)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 999

Aumentar la contratación de
a) trabajadores

Animar al Estado a hacer
b) obligatorio el servicio civil

Buscar difundir la cultura de la
solidaridad a través de
c) campañas de sensibilización.
d) Reducir su actividad
Buscar involucrar a personas
vecinas (familiares, amigos,
e) conocidos, etc.)
Estrechar alianzas con otras
f) organizaciones.

33

- Solo si se trata de una Cooperativa

22b)

De frente a una posible reducción de socios voluntarios, su COOPERATIVA SOCIAL podría tener a
disposición diversas opciones ¿Cuánto está de acuerdo con cada una de las siguientes posibilidades?


0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 999

a) trabajadores

Animar al estado a hacer

e) conocidos, etc.)
f) organizaciones.

- Solo si se trata de una Asociación /Fundación / Confederación

22c)

De frente a una posible reducción de asociados activos, su ASOCIACIÓN DE PROMOCIÓN SOCIAL podría
tener a disposición diversas opciones ¿Cuánto está de acuerdo con cada una de las siguientes
posibilidades?


0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 999

a) trabajadores

Animar al estado a hacer

34

e) conocidos, etc.)
f) organizaciones.

(A todos)

23)

Según usted, cual es el destino más probable del tercer sector…

1) Si acercaría y asemejaría siempre más a 3) Se transformaría en un lugar autónomo
las empresas de mercado donde realizar formas de vida más
comunitarias.
2) Se acercaría y asemejaría siempre más a
los entes públicos 4) No sé

DATOS DE CLASIFICACIÓN

(A todos)

24)

Sexo

1. Hombre 2. Mujer

25)

Año de nacimiento

De 14 a 99 años

26)

¿Cuál es su título de estudios?

1. Ninguno o elemental 5. Licenciatura

2. Titulo de escuela de Secundaria 6. Título post-grado (master, doctorado,
etc.)
3. Bachillerato
999. No responde
4. Diploma universitario
35

27)

¿Cuál es su situación laboral?

0. Pensión o retirado del trabajo 8. No trabaja porque es un hombre
adinerado
1. Ama de casa
9. Trabajador dependiente del sector
2. Estudiante privado
3. Servicio civil 10. Trabajador dependiente del sector
público
4. Desempleado
11. Trabajador por cuenta propia
5. Vive del subsidio de paro
12. Trabajador atípico
6. En la búsqueda de mi primer trabajo
999. No responde
7. Incapacitado para trabajar

28) (Se cod. 1,6 e da 10 a 14 a Dom.27)

a) A parte de su dedicación en su organización, desarrolla otra profesión? ¿Me puede decir cuál?

b) Si se encuentra en pensión o vive del subsidio de paro, ¿podría indicar cuál fue la profesión
precedentemente desarrollada?

Por cuenta ajena.

1. Dirigente (director, inspector, 4. Empleado personal (técnico, diplomado,
funcionario, magistrado, profesor oficial inferior, empleado general,
universitario) responsable de oficina)

2. Carrera directiva (licencia técnica, oficial 5. Empleado ejecutivo (suboficial,
superior, biólogo, medico, etc.) secretario, vigilante, mecanógrafo, etc.)

3. Profesor (no universitario) 6. Operario (jefe de obras, operario,
operario especializado, conductor de
tranvía, barrendero, peón agrícola,
obrero, colaborador doméstico, etc.)
Por cuenta propia.

7. Emprendedor con menos de 5 13. Libre profesional solo (quien esta inscrito
dependientes a ordenes profesionales) con socios

8. Emprendedor con al menos 5 14. Trabajador autónomo sin socios
dependientes
15. Trabajador autónomo con socios
9. Artesano con menos de 5 dependientes
16. Socio trabajador de cooperativa
10. Artesano con al menos 5 dependientes
17. Familiar colaborador de trabajador
11. Titular de ejercicio comercial propio

12. Libre profesional solo (quien esta inscrito 18. Otro trabajador autónomo
a ordenes profesionales) sin socios

Trabajo atípico

19. Trabajo a proyecto. Colaboración 21. Trabajo sin contrato o no reglamentado
coordinada y continuada
22. Trabajo solo para la organización
20. Colaboración ocasional
999. No responde
29)

Si usted debiera colocarse en una escala política que va de extrema izquierda a extrema derecha, ¿donde
se posicionaría?

1. Extrema izquierda 5. Centro orientado a la derecha

2. Izquierda 6. Derecha

3. Centro orientado a la izquierda 7. Extrema derecha

4. Centro 999. No responde

30) Usted se considera…

1. Una persona religiosa 3. No creyente en ninguna religión

2. Poco religiosa 999. No responde

31) (Únicamente si en la anterior pregunta respondió cod. 1 o 2 responda a la siguiente pregunta por
favor)

Normalmente, ¿con qué frecuencia participa de los ritos de precepto de su religión? (Ej. Misa o rito
semanal equivalente)

1. Nunca 5. Una o dos veces al mes

2. Solo en ocasiones especiales 6. Una vez a la semana
(matrimonio, funeral)
7. Más veces a la semana
3. Solo en solemnidades
999. No responde
4. Más veces al año

DATOS FINALES

32)

a) Número de teléfono:

b) Mail:

c) Razón social del ente:

d) Tipología del ente:

e) Región:

Muchas Gracias por su colaboración

The 5 Common Values of Social Entrerpeneurs

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