Session SDM - Kash. RWSN kampala symposium-lessons tz_1 (pp_tminimizer)

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This document discusses rural water supply management models in Tanzania. It compares non-autonomous village management, private operators, and autonomous community groups. Private operators and autonomous groups have greater incentives for cost recovery and sustainability due to their independence and profit motives. However, ongoing government and community support is still needed. The key is balancing community participation and ownership with cost recovery through appropriate technology, management structures, and users' ability to pay.

Stream: Service Delivery
Models
Practical lessons for the Management
of Rural water supply in Tanzania

Herbert Kashililah

www.wateraid.org
Registered charity numbers 288701 (England and Wales) and SC039479 (Scotland)

Functional Water Points

WaterAid, 47-49 Durham Street, London SE11 5JD T: 020 7793 4500 W: www.wateraid.org

WaterAid, 47 – 49 Durham Street, London SE11 5JD T: 020 7793 4500 W: www.wateraid.org

Case Village A
• 270 Households Income 5,931,000

• Borehole submersible Expenditure 1,544,000

Loss/Profit + 4,369,000
pump
Less Maintenance 0
• TZS 20/=bucket
Balance 17,088,000
• Village water
Bank Balance 300,000
committee
Missing? 16,788,000

• Operating last 4 years 1 US $ = ~ 1300 TZS

Private Operator

• Non autonomous -
Village Govt. Autonomy and Functionality

100.00%
• Autonomous - 90.00%
80.00%
registered entity, 70.00%
trust , school etc. 60.00%
50.00%
40.00%
30.00%
• Private operator – 20.00%
10.00%
Individual or 0.00%
company under Private/Auto Auto Non Autonomous
contract

What are
Differences
Non Autonomous Private operator
• No checks and balance • Accountable to contract

• Low incentive to collect • Incentive to make profit
revenue • Employ skilled people
• Limited technical skills • Likely to recover cost
• Doubt to recover costs • Higher tariffs
• Low tariffs

Full Cost
Recovery
No of HHs 25 50 100 150 200

Monthly Cost of Maintenance required over 10 years

Nira 718 359 180 120 90

Afridev 859 430 214 143 107

Monthly Cost of new hand pump installation and maintenance required over 30
years
Nira 1817 908 454 303 227

Afridev 1976 987 494 329 247

Costs in Tanzania Shillings : 1 US$ ~~ TZS 1300

When to recover
cost

• User Group is large - a critical mass

• Ability and willingness to pay

• Technology affordable and appropriate

• Good financial management

• Management model

Conclusion

• Balance Participation & Ownership
• Autonomous entities and sustainability
• Ongoing Support from Village and District
Government management & sustainability
• Separation and clarity of roles ( Govt &
Community)

Management for
Sustainability – Solutions

Improved
Regulation
Participation

Supportive
Private operators
services

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Session SDM - Kash. RWSN kampala symposium-lessons tz_1 (pp_tminimizer)

1. Stream: Service Delivery Models Practical lessons for the Management of Rural water supply in Tanzania Herbert Kashililah www.wateraid.org Registered charity numbers 288701 (England and Wales) and SC039479 (Scotland)

2. Functional Water Points WaterAid, 47-49 Durham Street, London SE11 5JD T: 020 7793 4500 W: www.wateraid.org

3. WaterAid, 47 – 49 Durham Street, London SE11 5JD T: 020 7793 4500 W: www.wateraid.org

4. WaterAid, 47 – 49 Durham Street, London SE11 5JD T: 020 7793 4500 W: www.wateraid.org

5. Case Village A • 270 Households Income 5,931,000 • Borehole submersible Expenditure 1,544,000 Loss/Profit + 4,369,000 pump Less Maintenance 0 • TZS 20/=bucket Balance 17,088,000 • Village water Bank Balance 300,000 committee Missing? 16,788,000 • Operating last 4 years 1 US $ = ~ 1300 TZS

6. Private Operator • Non autonomous - Village Govt. Autonomy and Functionality 100.00% • Autonomous - 90.00% 80.00% registered entity, 70.00% trust , school etc. 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% • Private operator – 20.00% 10.00% Individual or 0.00% company under Private/Auto Auto Non Autonomous contract

7. What are Differences Non Autonomous Private operator • No checks and balance • Accountable to contract • Low incentive to collect • Incentive to make profit revenue • Employ skilled people • Limited technical skills • Likely to recover cost • Doubt to recover costs • Higher tariffs • Low tariffs

8. Participation

9. Full Cost Recovery No of HHs 25 50 100 150 200 Monthly Cost of Maintenance required over 10 years Nira 718 359 180 120 90 Afridev 859 430 214 143 107 Monthly Cost of new hand pump installation and maintenance required over 30 years Nira 1817 908 454 303 227 Afridev 1976 987 494 329 247 Costs in Tanzania Shillings : 1 US$ ~~ TZS 1300

10. When to recover cost • User Group is large - a critical mass • Ability and willingness to pay • Technology affordable and appropriate • Good financial management • Management model

11. Conclusion • Balance Participation & Ownership • Autonomous entities and sustainability • Ongoing Support from Village and District Government management & sustainability • Separation and clarity of roles ( Govt & Community)

12. Management for Sustainability – Solutions Improved Regulation Participation Supportive Private operators services

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