1) The document discusses improving the design of electric vehicles to make them more cost effective. It proposes adding a two-step reduction gearbox between the electric motor and wheels to increase torque and efficiency.
2) Adding a gearbox increases starting torque and acceleration while allowing for a smaller, more efficient electric motor. This leads to cost savings through motor downsizing and potential battery downsizing.
3) Calculations show that a gear ratio of 6 increases torque by 6 times, allowing for a smaller motor operating at peak efficiency. Simulations found this improves performance while reducing costs.