Adventure travelis a type of tourism, involving exploration or travel to remote, exotic and possibly hostile areas. Adventure tourism is rapidly growing in popularity, as tourists seek different kinds of vacations. According to the U.S. based Adventure Travel Trade Association, adventure travel may be any tourist activity, including two of the following three components: a physical activity, a cultural exchange or interaction and engagement with nature.

1. Ismoiljonov Shukhrat

3. Definitions
Adventure travel is a type of tourism, involving
exploration or travel to remote, exotic and possibly
hostile areas. Adventure tourism is rapidly growing in
popularity, as tourists seek different kinds of vacations.
According to the U.S. based Adventure Travel Trade
Association, adventure travel may be any tourist
activity, including two of the following three
components: a physical activity, a cultural exchange or
interaction and engagement with nature.

4. Definitions
Adventure tourism gains much of its excitement by
allowing its participants to step outside of their
comfort zone. This may be from experiencing
culture shock or through the performance of acts,
that require significant effort and involve some
degree of risk (real or perceived) and/or physical
danger (See extreme sports). This may include
activities such as mountaineering, trekking,
bungee jumping, mountain biking, rafting, zip-
lining, paragliding, and Rock climbing.

5. Definitions 2
The George Washington University
School of Business, The Adventure Travel Trade
Association, and Xola Consulting
Adventure travelers often seek unique or new travel
destinations and activities. It is often believed that a
percentage of this sector is willing to accept limited
tourism infrastructure with the promise of an
exceptional, authentic experience. Given their penchant
for exploring new destinations and seeking new
experiences, they are frequently coveted by emerging
destinations at the early stages of tourism development
and also in more mature destinations that have
protected and/or developed appropriate product.

6. Definition of UNWTO
Adventure tourism can be domestic or international, and like all
travel, it must include an overnight stay, but not last
longer than one year.
Adventure tourists are passionate and risk-taking. The Adventure
Pulse: USAAdventure Traveler Profiles indicates interest in
destinations that have previously suffered significant commercial
tourism setbacks due to natural and political events, such as Haiti,
Rwanda, and Japan. The Adventure Travel Trade Association reports
that adventure tourism operators routinely create and offer itineraries
in places such as Colombia, North Korea, Iran, Rwanda, and other
destinations recovering from environmental and political stress,
making these destinations accessible to travelers seeking off-the-
beaten path and authentic travel experiences.

7. Types of Adventure Tourism
There are two main categories of adventure
activities, hard adventure or soft adventure, and
vigorous debate often surrounds which
activities belong in each category. The easiest
way to identify an adventure trip as hard or soft
adventure is by its primary activity.

8. Hard Adventure
Hard adventure includes trekking, climbing (mountain, rock
and ice) and caving. These activities are high risk and require
a high level of specialized skill. Unsurprisingly, these
represented small percentages of the population but still
uncovered a sizable market. The trend over the past three
years indicates that the number of hard adventure trips has
held steady, at around 2% of the population. However,
respondents in Latin America and Europe indicated that they
intended to take a hard adventure trip for their next vacation.
In North America, the trend was opposite, and the percent of
people expressing the intention to take a hard adventure
vacation dipped slightly.

9. Soft Adventure
The number of soft adventure departures represents a substantial
percentage of trips worldwide. Interestingly, compared to North
Americans and Europeans, Latin Americans are taking the most
adventure trips at 35% of total outbound travelers. On average,
25% of international trips taken from all three regions are soft
adventure trips. Soft adventurers are an important market for
destinations, gear companies and tour operators. They are
more likely to try different activities and destinations than hard
adventurers. They are also more likely to respond
to targeted marketing. In all three regions — Latin America,
North America and Europe — soft adventure increased steadily
over the traveler’s past three trips and continued to do
so with future travel intentions. Around 43% of Europeans
indicated that for.

12. Orienteering
Orienteering is a family of sports that enquires navigational skills
using a map and compass to navigate from point to point in diverse
and usually unfamiliar terrain, and normally moving at speed.
Participants are given a topographical map, usually a specially
prepared orienteering map, which they use to find control
points. Originally a training exercise in land navigation for military
officers, orienteering has developed many variations. Among these,
the oldest and the most popular is foot orienteering. For the purposes
of this article, foot orienteering serves as a point of departure for
discussion of all other variations, but basically any sport that involves
racing against a clock and requires navigation using a map is a type
of orienteering. Orienteering is included in the programs of world
sporting events including the World Games (see Orienteering at the
World Games) and World Police and Fire Games.

13. Orienteering sports
• Orienteering sports combine significant navigation with a specific method of
travel. Because the method of travel determines the needed equipment and
tactics, each sport requires specific rules for competition and guidelines for
orienteering event logistics and course design.
• Canoe orienteering Car orienteering
• Foot orienteering Mountain bike orienteering
Mountain marathoning Mounted orienteering
• Radio orienteering [including variants Fox Oring and Radio Orienteering in a
Compact Area (ROCA)]
• Rogaining
• Ski-orienteering
• SportLabyrinth – micro orienteering
• Trail orienteering
• Adventure racing is a combination of two or more disciplines, and usually
includes orienteering as part of the race.

14. The international orienteering flag

15. An orienteering map

16. Mountainbikeorienteerwitha
mapboardonbikehandlebars

17. Rafting
Rafting and white water rafting are recreational outdoor
activities which use an inflatable raft to navigate a river or other
body of water. This is often done on whitewater or different
degrees of rough water, and generally represents a new and
challenging environment for participants. Dealing with risk and
the need for teamwork is often a part of the experience. The
development of this activity as a leisure sport has become
popular since the mid-1970s, evolving from individuals paddling
10 feet (3.0 m) rafts with double-bladed paddles to multi-person
rafts propelled by single-bladed paddles and steered by a tour
guide at the stern. It is considered an extreme sport, and can be
fatal. The International Rafting Federation (IRF) is the
worldwide body which oversees all aspects of the sport.

18. Grades of white water
• Otherwise known as the International Scale of River Difficulty, below are the
six grades of difficulty in white water rafting. They range from simple to
very dangerous and potential death or serious injuries.
• Grade 1: Very small rough areas, might require slight maneuvering. (Skill
level: very basic)
Grade 2: Some rough water, maybe some rocks, might require some
maneuvering. (Skill level: basic paddling skill)
Grade 3: Whitewater, small waves, maybe a small drop, but no considerable
danger. May require significant maneuvering.
Grade 4: Whitewater, medium waves, maybe rocks, maybe a considerable
drop, sharp maneuvers may be needed.
Grade 5: Whitewater, large waves, large volume, possibility of large rocks
and hazards, possibility of a large drop, requires precise maneuvering.
Grade 6: Class 6 rapids are considered to be so dangerous that they are
effectively unnavigable on a reliably safe basis.

21. Backpacking/Trekking/
Hiking: A Growth Activity
Backpacking, trekking, and hiking are all forms of exploring
destinations on foot, often on a budget. Like cycling, these
types of adventure activities are on the rise. The Adventure
Pulse: USA Adventure Traveler Profiles confirms that these
are the most popular activities for the United States of
America adventure travelers. These tourists often stay in
their destination longer, thus spending more money, albeit
less per day. Their expenditures often penetrate deeply into
local and regional economies, helping increase the spread of
tourism benefits. The demand for this type of travel in
creases year after year, and while some destinations seek
to attract these types of tourists, others prefer to focus on
higher value clientele.

23. Hiking

31. What is the difference between hiking and
trekking?
• We've often heard the terms hiking and trekking used
interchangeably. We all know they're both outdoor
recreational activities. But are they really the same?
• Hiking is an outdoor activity of walking in beautiful natural
environments on pre-charted paths called hiking trails. There
are day hikes and overnight hikes.
• Trekking is a long journey be undertaken on foot in areas
where there are usually no means of transport available.
Trekking is not necessarily mountaineering; it is walking for a
number of days, usually on uncharted paths, in challenging
environments which are likely to be hilly or mountainous.

32. Cycling
Cycling tourism is on the rise across the world, with an increasing
number of adventure tourists embarking on both road and
mountain biking tours, participating in cycling events such as Ride
the Rockies, or spectating events like the Tour de France.
According to the European Cyclists Federation,22 cycling brings in
over EUR 44 billion annually to the continent, resulting from 2.3
billion cycling trips with a tourism value. There is no region-wide
data available for other continents, but positive growth has been
charted by several U.S. states. Wisconsin, for example, found that
bike tourism generated USD 924 million from in-state and
out-of-state visitors

38. Sailing
Sailing tourism refers to any holiday where the main purpose of the trip is to
sail or learn how to sail. Sailing tourism has two broad categories, which are
defined by the type of boat used: a yacht (which is also used as overnight
accommodation) or a dinghy (a smaller boat without berths – therefore
overnight accommodation is on land). Yacht sailing holidays tend to be either
bareboat charters, where the boat is hired – without crew - and can be sailed to
any chosen destination, or flotilla, where all boats in the flotilla follow a pre-
planned route. Dinghy sailing holidays are most
likely to be combined with a sailing course.

42. Kayaking

46. Diving

48. Interesting facts about
adventure tourism

49. Brief History of Adventure Tourism
Humans have been engaging in adventurous
travel for hundreds of years via exploration by
the likes of Marco Polo, Captain James Cook,
and Sir Ernest Shackleton, who had primarily
scientific, geographic, or colonial motives.
However, commercial adventure travel is a
relatively new phenomenon, in which travelers
hire a professional guide to provide a range of
technical support and equipment,
as well as culture and nature interpretation.

50. Brief History of Adventure Tourism
• In the mid-1800s, adventurers began to push
the limits of mountain climbing and river
rafting, with the first ascent of the Matterhorn
in 1865 and descent of the Colorado River in
1869.
• In the mid-1950s, many first ascents and
descents attracted global attention and inspired
many people to attempt their own expeditions.
Maurice Herzog’s ascent of Annapurna in 1950,
Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzig Norgay’s ascent of
Mount Everest, and others’ successes were
hailed in the media around the world.

51. Brief History of Adventure Tourism
Today, Adventure Tourism is a vibrant, dynamic,
and fast-changing sector with new variants
routinely added into the possible experiences.
Individual companies are often small, owner-
operated businesses led by entrepreneurs with a
drive to share their favorite places and passions
with others. Adventure offers opportunities to
entrepreneurs in rural areas around the world to
do the same. 69% of overall international travel
departures leave from Europe, North America, and
South America, and together these three regions
account for over USD 263 billion in adventure
travel expenditures.

52. Tourism Different
from Other Types
of Tourism?

53. Adventure Tourism vs. Other Types of
Responsible Tourism
• The differences between adventure tourism and mass
tourism are clear, but the differences between
adventure tourism and other types of tourism can be
more nuanced. Below are definitions of other popular
types of tourism, which share characteristics with
adventure tourism, such as minimizing negative
impacts and increasing local benefits:

54. • Sustainable Tourism is tourism that takes full
account of its current and future economic, social
and environmental impacts, addressing the needs of
visitors, the industry, the environment and host
communities.17
• Conservation Tourism, as defined by tourism
researcher Prof. Ralf Buckley, is “commercial tourism
which makes a net positive contribution to the
continuing survival of threatened plant or animal
species.”18 Buckley notes that while there are a
variety of ways for tourism to add positive
contributions to conservation, the key issue is to
calculate net outcomes after subtracting the negative
impacts.

55. • Responsible Tourism is tourism “that creates better places
for people to live in, and better places to visit”.19
Responsible tourism can take place in any environment, and
many cities have adopted responsible tourism policies.
Responsible tourism is clearly defined in the Cape Town
Declaration of 2002.20
• Pro-Poor Tourism is tourism that provides net benefits to
poor people as defined by the Pro-Poor Tourism Partnership.
• Community Based Tourism (CBT) is defined by The
Mountain Institute and Regional Community Forestry
Training Center as a visitor-host interaction that has
meaningful participation by both, and generates economic
and conservation benefits for local communities and
environments

56. Defining Risk in Adventure
Tourism
Professor Buckley reviews risk in adventure tourism across six
categories:
· Commercial: The standard commercial risks associated with
business management. Examples specific to tourism include travel
market downturns or drops in visitors due to changing consumer
preferences, terrorism, natural disasters, exchange rate shifts, and
more.
· Legal: Permits and licenses required for adventure tour operators to
operate legally; ensuring that contractual arrangements with
commercial partners and suppliers are appropriate.
· Medical: Depending on the destination, conditions, and activities
involved in the trip, advanced screening may involve age, strength,
and general health. Risk factors here include fitness and pre-existing
medical conditions.

57. Defining Risk in Adventure
Tourism
- Operational: Operational logistics of risk, such as itinerary
details, gear, lodging and vehicle maintenance, and quality, as
well as emergency operations, such as medical evacuations,
carrying first aid kits, and guide training in field medicine. ·
- Physical: Physical safety during the adventure activity;
the prevention of injury or disease. As mentioned
above, this aspect garners the most sector attention.
- Social: Managing interactions among clients, between
clients and guides, and between the group and people
in the community. Group harmony is important on adventure
travel trips.

58. Adventure tourist trials in persentage

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