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Programming the Real-Time Web
1.
Real time web
applications Confidential – For Internal Circulation Only ©2011, Cognizant
2.
Agenda
What is real time web? Requirements & Capabilities Choosing the right communication technology How to develop a real time application RTW Technology framework Web notification API Comet, HTML5 , Web Notification API & XMPP Trends 1 | ©2011, Cognizant
3.
What is real
time web (RTW)? Beyond Twitter & Facebook “It happens with out waiting !!!” Kaazing (infrastructure provider) , RTW is using HTML5 Web Sockets technology to push live financial information to the Web browsers of banking customers. Evri (semantic recommendation company ) RTW is the ebbing and flowing of traffic data on Wikipedia. That data points to hot topics that Evri needs to build topic pages to serve their publisher customers. OneRiot (search engine ), RTW is made up of the links people share on Twitter , Digg, Delicious and the click-streams of folks using OneRiot toolbar. NYU Journalism Professor Jay Rosen says the real-time Web creates a sense of flow for users that’s comparable to the way television holds our attention. Google’s Brett Slatkin, says the real-time Web is a foundation for efficient computing and use cases we can’t yet even imagine. 2 | ©2011, Cognizant
4.
What is real
time web (RTW)? Beyond Twitter & Facebook The real-time web is the Web in which data is delivered to its recipients (be they human or machine) in real or near real time, as soon as it becomes available. Scope of the real-time Web, ranges from finance and medical tools, to social networking and media services. OR Content is pushed from a publisher to a subscriber, rather than have the subscriber poll the publisher over and over. •More than 50% of the links shortened by Bit.ly are now created outside of Twitter. •Real-time search engine Collecta, too, doesn't just index posts from Twitter, but also collects millions of post from platforms like MySpace and WordPress every day. •Besides these social tools, it's worth noting that a lot of real-time information is now being passed between machines and Internet-connected sensors. 3 | ©2011, Cognizant
5.
Real-time application requirements
& capabilities •Interactivity to present real time data to clients •Ability to maintain persistent connection to the server •Faster data transmission protocol ( example AMF – Action Message Format over JSON or XML) •Ability to embed logic on the client to reduce server load •Ability to push data from multiple sources , including changes from other users 4 | ©2011, Cognizant
6.
Choosing the right
communication methodology •Consider •Performance •Authentication •Concurrent connection •Network topology •Data management requirements •Options •Piggybacking & polling •Long polling •Streaming •RTMP over NIO 5 | ©2011, Cognizant
7.
Choosing the right
communication methodology Options Applicable Pros / Cons Piggy backing Use Case: Sports Piggybacking requires no polling. Piggyback has high & polling scoreboard latency. Polling and Piggy backing can be combined. SLAS: 5 to 10 seconds Recommendation: Polling Long polling Use Case: Call monitoring Ties up browser connections to server. systems for call centre , Latency issues on server during load. queued calls , avg. wait times, call completion %. Streaming Use Case: Stock Works well in intranet based scenarios , in public n/w due brokerage to proxy , buffering n/w latency is introduced. Ties up multiple connection to the server intermittently. RTMP with Use Case: Stock Fully duplex , TCP based protocol , apt for mission critical NIO brokerage applications running on a private network. NIO requires less threads to manage connections (J2SE 1.4) 6 | ©2011, Cognizant
8.
How to develop
a Real time application ? •In the past we leveraged client – server architectures / 1st generation web •In came AJAX •Challenge with AJAX • Handling large data sets • Supporting multiple browsers and versions •Challenge with real time •Latency •Public network •Enterprise network •Resource constraints •Web server(s) •Application server(s) •Database server(s) •Client (s) 7 | ©2011, Cognizant
9.
A sample Real
time application •Let us a develop a real time stock trading application. •Major components are •Multiple external data feeds •Distribution to clients according to subscription policies •Trader dashboard - live graphs, charts, portfolio information, video feeds, and so on. •Trader can access client’s information, including a current portfolio, desired risk levels, past trades, and available credit. •Technology stack • Client - Flex / Flash / Adobe AIR ( runtime enables developers to use HTML, JavaScript, Adobe Flash® and Flex technologies, and ActionScript® ) •Server - Adobe Live Cycle Data Services •Flex •Capable of opening a TCP binary socket with the back end •Can interact very well with Ajax applications (basically JavaScript) running in the same browser window 8 | ©2011, Cognizant
10.
Public
DMZ Application Live data feeds A Network Tier u t h e F F n I I t R R i E E c W W a t A A i L L o L L n Stock trader Image HTTP(S*) Area New IO (NIO)- enabled Enterprise data External Web Live Cycle Data Services center user Servers cluster 1. Secure access 2. Dynamic user interface 3. Bidirectional data synchronization Users are authenticated Flash applications written in real-time for access to in Flex display live data Livecycle Data Services live data feeds pushed from Livecycle retrieves data from data Services to clients multiple back-end *HTTP(S) provides a range inside and outside the systems and synchronizes of implementation choices. firewall. updates to maintain data integrity. ©2011, Cognizant A real time application deployment using HTTP or RTMP for client connections behind the IT demilitarized zone (DMZ), and HTTP for communications across public networks
11.
Real time web
technology frameworks •Beaconpush - Beaconpush changes the traditional request-response flow of the web by creating a persistent real-time message stream to each of your visitors. Enabling you to reach your visitors without requiring them to constantly poll your website. •WebRTC - WebRTC is a free, open project that enables web browsers with Real- Time Communications (RTC) capabilities via simple JavaScript APIs. The WebRTC components have been optimized to best serve this purpose. The WebRTC initiative is a project supported by Google, Mozilla and Opera. •APE - APE (Ajax Push Engine) is an Open Source technology allowing you to do real time data streaming through a web browser with no applets and no plugins. •Comet - Comet is a web application model in which a long-held HTTP request allows a web server to push data to a browser, without the browser explicitly requesting it. Comet is an umbrella term, encompassing multiple techniques for achieving this interaction. 10 | ©2011, Cognizant
12.
Real time web
technology frameworks •HTML5 Web Sockets - HTML5 Web Sockets defines a full-duplex communication channel that operates through a single socket over the Web. •Apache Wave - Apache Wave is a software framework centered on online real- time collaborative editing, originally developed by Google as Google Wave. Google Wave is a web-based computing platform and communications protocol, designed to merge key features of media like e-mail, instant messaging, wikis, and social networking. •beweevee – Live Collaboration in your application, using .NET live collaboration framework. 11 | ©2011, Cognizant
13.
What is Comet? •Web
application model in which web server pushes data to a browser (without any request initiated from browser) •All techniques rely on Java script rather than on non-default plug-in •AKA Ajax Push, Reverse Ajax, Two-way-web, HTTP Streaming and HTTP server push • Leverages a persistent or long-lasting HTTP connection between the server and the client. •Implementation category - streaming & long polling 12 | ©2011, Cognizant
14.
You should care
about HTML5 Websocket This specification defines an API that enables Web pages to use the WebSocket protocol for two-way communication with a remote host. Use cases include •Multiplayer online games •Chat applications •Live sports ticker •Real-time updating social streams Server sent events SSEs open a single unidirectional channel between server and client. Useful for one way notification from server. Use cases include •Friends' status updates •Stock tickers •News feeds •Other automated data push mechanisms 13 | ©2011, Cognizant
15.
Web notification API
Next frontier for real-time web is to move from real-time updates to real-time notifications Think twitter - What is the challenge? W3C – Public draft of “Web Notifications API” (http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-notifications-20110301/) What does the API do? This specification provides an API to generate simple notifications to alert users outside of the web page •Distributed social networks Early adopters •Chat apps •News alert apps Gmail ( supported in Chrome) •Banking apps 14 | ©2011, Cognizant
16.
XMPP The Extensible Messaging
and Presence Protocol (XMPP) is an open technology for real-time communication. In essence, XMPP provides a way to send small pieces of XML from one entity to another in close to real time. Service Description Channel encryption Authentication Presence enables you to find out about the network availability of other entities Contact lists enables you to store a contact list, or roster, on an XMPP server. One-to-one messaging enables you to send messages to another entity Multi-party messaging enables you to join a virtual chat room for the exchange of messages between multiple participants Notifications enables you to generate a notification and have it delivered to multiple subscribers Service discovery enables you to find out which features are supported by another entity Capabilities advertisement shorthand notation for service discovery data so that you can easily cache the features that are supported by other entities on the network Structured data forms enables you to exchange structured but flexible forms with other entities Workflow management 15 | ©2011, Cognizant Peer-to-peer media sessions enables you to negotiate and manage a media session with another entity
17.
XMPP – What
kind of applications I can build ? Applications Instant messaging Group chat Gaming Systems Control Geo Location Data syndication VOIP Identity Services 16 | ©2011, Cognizant
18.
Real-time web trends
Real-time collaboration is ripening Real-time analytics will be hot Real-time search Real-time ecommerce 17 | ©2011, Cognizant
19.
Thanks !!!
Reference Vendor sites Blogs / Forums W3C ©2011, Cognizant
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