Chapter 19 Heredity Lesson 2 - Present day understanding on heredity based on Mendel’s Experiments

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Present Day Understanding on Heredity based on Mendel’s Findings

Key Concepts: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

DNA DNA is a double helix formed by base pairs attached to a sugar-phosphate backbone. http:// ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/illustrations/dnastructure

Chromosomes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Karyotype: A photomicrograph of an individual's chromosomes arranged in a standard format showing the number, size, and shape of each chromosome type

Homologous chromosomes ,[object Object],[object Object]

Genes - small fragment of DNA in a chromosome where a piece of genetic (hereditary) info is stored - gene locus = place on the chromosome where the gene resides; controls a particular trait e.g. colour, height, etc.

Allele ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Skin Color Height

Genotype = the specific combination of alleles; represented by letters Phenotype = what trait looks (acts) like

Pair of homologous chromosomes A gene locus A pair of alleles 3 pairs of alleles Test yourself

Relationship between DNA, Chromosomes and Genes

C c Fertilization produces heterozygous offspring meiosis II meiosis I (chromosomes duplicated before meiosis) Homozygous dominant parent Homozygous recessive parent gametes gametes Mendel’s Theory of Segregation C C C C C C C C C C C C C C c c c c c c c c c c c c c c

Lesson Objectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Chapter 19 Heredity Lesson 2 - Present day understanding on heredity based on Mendel’s Experiments

1. Present Day Understanding on Heredity based on Mendel’s Findings

3. DNA DNA is a double helix formed by base pairs attached to a sugar-phosphate backbone. http:// ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/illustrations/dnastructure

7. Genes - small fragment of DNA in a chromosome where a piece of genetic (hereditary) info is stored - gene locus = place on the chromosome where the gene resides; controls a particular trait e.g. colour, height, etc.

9. Genotype = the specific combination of alleles; represented by letters Phenotype = what trait looks (acts) like

10. Pair of homologous chromosomes A gene locus A pair of alleles 3 pairs of alleles Test yourself

11. Relationship between DNA, Chromosomes and Genes

12.

13.

14. C c Fertilization produces heterozygous offspring meiosis II meiosis I (chromosomes duplicated before meiosis) Homozygous dominant parent Homozygous recessive parent gametes gametes Mendel’s Theory of Segregation C C C C C C C C C C C C C C c c c c c c c c c c c c c c

15.

Chapter 19 Heredity Lesson 2 - Present day understanding on heredity based on Mendel’s Experiments

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Chapter 19 Heredity Lesson 2 - Present day understanding on heredity based on Mendel’s Experiments