It is bright

1. Renewable Energy in
India: Status and
Future Prospects
“……the time is running out…soon, there will
be nothing left to burn on earth but earth
itself…”

2. THANKS TO
Naveen Kumar Singh
Business manager
Space Craft- exhibit systems

3. ENERGY IN INDIA: AN OVERVIEW
 India consumes 3.7% of the world’s commercial
energy making it the 5th largest consumer of energy
globally.
 Total installed capacity of 1,44,912 MW.
 350 kgoe per capita primary commercial energy
consumption. 22% of world average.
 Per capita electricity consumption: 600 kWhr per
year.
 About 80% of total rural energy consumption comes
from non-commercial energy.
 84% villages electrified. 44% of rural households
electrified.

4. INDIAN POWER SECTOR
Source: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

5. ENERGY CONSUMPTION TREND

6. ENERGY SCENARIO IN INDIA
 Rapid economic development & Increasing
population = High demand for Energy
 A sustained 8% GDP growth of India requires an
annual increase of:
 a) Commercial energy supply from 3.7% to 6.1%
 b) Total primary energy supply from 2.2% to 5.1%
 Limited supply of COAL, coupled with its poor
quality, low level of technologies advancements and
high environmental hazards.
 Limited domestic reserves and uncertain foreign
supply of hydrocarbons.

7. WHY RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR INDIA?
Power shortage
Rising Prices of Oils & Gases
Ecological Hazards
Ample resources and sites available
Abundant sunshine
Government incentive
Increased financing options

8. BENEFITS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY
 Avoid the high costs involved in transmission
capex.
 Avoid distribution losses – Technical & otherwise
 Avoid recurring fuel cost
 Boost the rural economy
 Encourage self help groups & self dependence
 Enable village co-operatives to supply and / or
monitor distribution
 Make available much needed energy for basic
needs at the doorstep at affordable prices.

9. INSTALLED CAPACITY FROM RENEWABLE
ENERGY
Source: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

10. CURRENT FOCUS
 Promoting rural energy for productive uses and
linked social benefits
 Promoting renewable energy for rural electrification
and industrial applications
 Enhancing access of the rural poor to affordable
and sustainable energy services
 Supporting training and capacity building for
manufacture, local assembly and maintenance of
renewable energy technologies / systems
 Organizing global forum activities and providing
strategic expert advice on renewable energy
technologies and energy policy planning and
institutional framework

11. RENEWABLE ENERGY DEPLOYMENT
Wind installation (global) 60,000 MW (cumulative)
India’s share (and position) 6270 MW(fourth in the
world)
SPV cell production (global) 1,700 MW (in 2005)
India’s share (and position) 37 MW (seventh in the
world)
Biogas plants (global) 16 million units
(cumulative)
India’s share (and position) 3.9 million family size units
(second in the world)
Solar Thermal (global) 110 million sq.m
(cumulative)
India’s share (and position) 1.65 million sq. m (ninth in
the world)
Source: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

12. INDIA RENEWABLE POWER POTENTIAL
Renewable
Resource
Estimated
Potential
Remarks
Wind Power 45,000 MW Sites with wind densities of 300
W/m2 or higher with 9% of assessed
area available for wind farms
requiring 12 ha/MW.
Biomass Power 45,000 MW 20 mha of wastelands yielding 10
MT/ha/annum of woody biomass
giving 4000 kcal/ kg with system
efficiency of 30% and operating at
75% PLF.
Solar Power 50,000 MW Assuming solar energy:
4-6 kWhr/ m2/ day and depending
upon future developments making
solar technology cost-competitive for
grid power applications.
Small Hydro
Power
15,000 MW
Bio-Energy 24,000 MW
Source: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

13. COMMERCIAL ENERGY IMPORTS FOR
8% GDP
Fuel Range of
Requirement
in
Scenarios
Assumed
Domestic
Production
Range of
Imports
Import
(Percent)
Oil (Mt) 350–486 35 315–451 90–93
Natural Gas
(Mtoe)
100–197 100 0-97 0-49
Coal (Mtoe) 632-1022 560 72-462 11-45
Total
Commercial
Primary
Energy
1351-1702 ---- 387-1,010 29-59
Source: Energy Policy Report, Planning Commission, India

14. INDIA – AN ATTRACTIVE RENEWABLE
ENERGY MARKET
 India has a large potential for energy generation by
utilization of renewable energy source
 MNRE has planed a target capacity addition of
10,000 MW during the 11th five year plan
 10% of annual power capacity additions to be from
Renewable between 2003-2012
 As per the E&Y’s renewable energy index, which
takes into account various factors governing
renewable energy growth in a country, India is
ranked 3rd overall.
 High potential for development across various
renewable source

15. INDIAN WIND ENERGY SECTOR
OVERVIEW
CURRENT SCENARIO
 4th largest producers of wind energy in the world.
 India’s current installed wind capacity is 8.7 GW
(approx. 10% of the world’s total installed capacity).
 Capacity growth has been strong with a 22% CAGR
over last decade.
 Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra & Karnataka are the
leaders in wind capacity.

16. INDIAN WIND ENERGY SECTOR
OVERVIEW
FUTURE POTENTIAL
 Cumulative installed capacity is expected to reach 12
GW by 2010.
 Generation based subsidy of Rs 0.50per unit recently
announced for 10 years (limit of 5 MW per developer
and 50 MW in aggregate).

17. KEY TREND IN INDIA WIND ENERGY
INDUSTRY
Manufacturer
Value Chain
Manufacturing
Erecting &
Commissioning
Guarantees &
Maintenance
Developer
Chain
Site Identification
Contracts &
Clearances
Operation
 All players in India undertaking a Dual Role –
Manufacturing & Developer
 Various Indian Companies are looking to enter the
sector
 Infrastructure Developers
 Electrical Equipment Manufacturers

18. INDIAN SOLAR ENERGY MARKET
OVERVIEW
MASSIVE POTENTIAL OF INDIA
 Huge potential for Solar Energy development in India
 High sunshine days, abundance of sites make soalr
energy an enticing prospect
MARKET IN GROWTH STAGE
 Installed manufacturing capacity has grown from a
meager 10 MW in 2000 to a total of 335 MW by 2007.
 India is now 7th worldwide in Solar PV Cell production
 Generation capacities expected to pick up with
generation linked subsidy announced by government

19. KEY TRENDS IN INDIAN SOLAR
INDUSTRY
EXPANSION ACROSS THE BOARD
 Various existing players planning Brownfield
expansion.
 Huge new Greenfield facilities being planned.
KEY DRIVERS INCLUDE:
 Low operating costs
 Capital subsidy (20/25%) by government for large
semi-conductor based units (for large investments
above certain limits)
 Possibility of Solar Energy development locally.
 Public and private capital in abundant supply.

20. INDIAN HYDRO POWER SECTOR
OVERVIEW
POTENTIAL FOR HYDRO POWER GENERATION
 India ranks 8th in terms of hydro-electricity generated
 Potential to provide energy in remote and hilly areas
where extension of an electrical transmission grid
system is uneconomical
 Till now, 14 States have announced policies for setting
up commercial SHP projects.
KEY POSITIVE
 Proven Technology
 Low O&M Costs
 High energy conversion efficiency (70%)

21. INDIAN HYDRO POWER SECTOR
OVERVIEW
KEY DRAWBACKS
 High gestation period
 High capital costs (per MW)
 Social Costs
FUTURE POTENTIAL
 Hydro capacity expected to reach 57 GW by 2012.
 Small hydro potential is expected close to 15 GW.
 MNRE has introduced subsidy schemes for SHPs up to
25 MW.
 Well-established manufacturing base for full range and
type of small hydro equipments.

22. BIOMASS ENERGY OVERVIEW
Bio Mass
Resources
• Agricultural Crops and Residues
• Oil Bearing Plants
• Woody Biomass
• Industrial and Municipal Waste
Supply
System
• Harvesting
• Collection
• Handling
• Storage
Conversion
• Biochemical
• Thermo chemical
• Physical/Chemical
End
Products
• Heat Electricity
• Transport Fuels
• Solid Fuels

23. INDIAN BIOMASS MARKET OVERVIEW
CHALLENGES
 Small sized
 Dependence on
agricultural output
 Insecure raw material
linkage
 Shortage of
equipment
 Lack of cheap
financing, both debt
& equity
 Currently, few
focused biomass
players
POTENTIAL
 20 GW of power
may be generated
from 300 MT of
agro waste
(currently
produced)
 50% currently
burnt in the open
 Less than 3%
potential realized
 Can revolutionize
pace of rural
electrification.
DRIVERS
 Agro based
economy
 Large, Unexploited
domestic resource
 Favorably aligned
regulatory
environment
 Simple technology
 Power deficit
across states

24. SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL RETURNS IN
RE BASE GENERATION PROJECTS
 Given the comparatively higher cost of generating
energy from renewable sources, necessity for
financial support for the industry.
 Government has introduced subsidies to make
returns attractive for developers.
 Indicative expected returns:
Type of
Project
Returns
Wind Hydro
(PPA)
Hydro
(Merchant)
Biomass Solar
Costs (Rs. Cr/MW) 5-6 5-6 5-6 4-5 18-20
Equity IRR 20-25 15-18 20-25 16-20 --

25. Photon-enhanced thermionic emission (PETE) converts
sunlight to electricity with the combined photonic and
thermal excitation of charge carriers in a semiconductor,
leading to electron emission over a vacuum gap.
Theoretical analyses predict conversion efficiency that
can match, or even exceed, the efficiency of traditional
solar thermal and photovoltaic converters. Analyses
have shown the complexity of the energy conversion
and transport processes, and the significance of several
loss mechanisms, requiring careful control of material
properties and optimization of the device structure.

26. Here, a survey of current research on PETE modeling,
materials, and device configurations, outline the advances
is made, and stress is on the open issues and future
research needed.
Based on the substantial progress already made in this
young topic, and the potential of high conversion efficiency
based on theoretical performance limits, continued
research in this direction is very promising and may yield a
competitive technology for solar electricity generation.
Date: August 2, 2010, Source: Stanford University

27. Summary:
A new process that simultaneously combines the
light and heat of solar radiation to generate
electricity could offer more than double the
efficiency of existing solar cell technology, say the
engineers who discovered it and proved that it
works. The process, called 'photon enhanced
thermionic emission," or PETE, could reduce the
costs of solar energy production enough for it to
compete with oil as an energy source.

28.  Photovoltaic + thermionic effect
 Higher T and J than in thermionic emission
 PV-like efficiency at high conduction band population from photoexcitation
 Higher V at same h temperatures: excess energy no longer “waste heat”
PHOTON ENHANCED THERMIONIC EMISSION

29. EVIDENCE FOR PETE
 Yield dependence on temperature
 Decreases for direction photoemission
 Increases below a threshold
 Emitted electron energy increases with temperature
 More than 0.1-0.2 eV greater than photon energy
 Emitted electrons follow thermal energy distribution
 330nm and 375nm illumination produce same electron
energy distributions at elevated temperature
 Electrons acquire up to 0.5 eV additional energy from thermal
reservoir

30. ME SOLSHARE: PEER-TO-PEER SMART VILLAGE GRIDS |
BANGLADESH Current solar home systems are limited in capacity and
continue to remain prohibitively expensive for a large portion of the 65
million people who do not have access to the grid in Bangladesh. As a
result, they rely on costly and unhealthy alternatives like diesel generators
and kerosene lamps. SOLshare has successfully piloted the world’s first
ICT-enabled peer-to-peer electricity trading network for rural households
with and without solar home systems in Shariatpur, Bangladesh. Along with
its implementation partner, the NGO UBOMUS, its financing partner IDCOL
and research partner United International Universit-Centre for Energy
Research, SOLshare combines solar home systems and centralized mini-
grids to enable more rural households to access renewable electricity at a
lower cost.

31. Helping people
The ability to buy and sell electricity puts control directly into the hands of
rural households. They are no longer simply beneficiaries of a rural
electrification project or consumers of energy, rather, they are actors in the
micro-energy transition within their community.
SOLshare enables rural villages in Bangladesh to power advanced
community services which would require more energy than a usual SHS
can provide. For example, schools, clinics and street lighting can be
powered by pooling existing energy infrastructure. Higher energy availability
creates an incentive for new productive-energy-use businesses to move to
the village, bringing local jobs and improving the village economy. New
business opportunities for the individual also arise from the possibility to
invest incrementally in solar-PV and sell electricity to neighboring
households, rural businesses and community facilities as demand grows in
the electricity trading network.

32. Key facts
Trading renewable electricity through a SOLshare village grid can unlock
at least up to 30% excess generation capacity of existing solar home
systems. Through usage of the full power generation capacity, more people
benefit from a clean, reliable source of electricity at a low cost.
The SOLshare electricity trading platform turns the purchase of a solar
home system into an investment with a return, enabling users to leverage
excess generation from their solar home system and sell this to neighboring
households, reducing the annual cost of energy access by at least 25%.
SOLshare expects to operate more than 20,000 nanogrids by the end of
2030, which are expected to supply more than 1,000,000 customers in
Bangladesh, including interconnecting them to the national grid through a
single point of common coupling

33. More information
Digital assets are available for download at:
http://bit.ly/m4c-assets
Contact:
ME SOLshare
Dr. Sebastian Groh, Managing Director |
sebastian.groh@me-solshare.com
+880 (179) 32 68 329
UN Climate Change secretariat
Sarah Marchildon | smarchildon@unfccc.int | +49 228
815 1065

34. The newly appointed Union Education Minister
Dharmendra Pradhan on Saturday talked about how
an improved and modified school education system
will help shape the foundation of the country and
build a knowledge society in the nation.
Education Minister Pradhan, while reviewing the
functioning of school education in the country,
discussed the roadmap to make schools future-
ready. He also said that a robust school education
system will help build a knowledge society and lay
the foundation of a 'new India'.

35. Reliance Industries has announced a massive Rs. 75,000
crore investment into the renewable energy (RE) space.
With a strong balance sheet, the company is expected to
adequately fund the capital expenditure. "Its per unit cost
leadership in conventional energy gives us confidence
that it will achieve top quartile unit costs in RE too. We
see RIL emerging as India’s most credible RE player,"
Jefferies said. The report added that RIL has forayed into
the RE space, keeping in mind the early stage nature of
these technologies, hoping to ride the success.

36. Governments across the world are already incentivising
investment into renewable energy and RIL is expected to
benefit from the same. RIL could benefit from Rs. 18,100
crore PLI scheme of providing capital subsidy in Advanced
Chemistry Cell battery manufacturing. Furthermore,
Electrolyzer manufacturing for green hydrogen may also
come under PLI soon. This aid by the government would
make the investment economics attractive for RIL,
according to Jefferies.

37. THANK YOU
WE THANK
Naveen Kumar Singh
Business manager
Space Craft- exhibit systems