A short design research study to support Sarvajal - a project that is bringing clean drinking water to urban India through the use of a novel water ATM.

1. Survival Strategies in Urban India
JOURNEYS FOR
WATER
GAURAV BHUSHAN NITIN GUPTA JENNIFER LEE FUQUA
SOMADITYA BANERJEE VAIJAYANTHI IYENGAR JAN CHIPCHASE

2. 220,000,000

3. 220,000,000
people over the next 20 years will move from Indian countryside to cities

4. Context
migrant growth

5. Context
50% rise in demand for water

6. Context
How much time, effort and money spent in
obtaining clean drinking water?

7. Players
Government

8. People
Players

9. Private Enterprise
Players

10. PROS:
Bottle reuse
CONS:
Waste
$.32 per litre
.5L Bottle
PROS:
Robust
CONS:
Hard to carry around /
Dispensing water requires
additional apparatus
$.07 per litre
15L Can
PROS:
Bottle reuse
CONS:
Waste
$.20 per litre
1.5L Bottle
PROS:
Just-in-time
CONS:
Card needs to be pre-
loaded with cash / Requires
trust in a new technology
$.01 per litre
Sarvajal ATM
PROS:
Just-in-time
CONS:
Can’t be stored, risk of
contamination and litter
problem
$.14 per litre
.25L Pouch
PROS:
“Free” /
A known process
*CONS:
People pay in terms of time
and effort, and sometimes
bribes to the tanker driver /
Unreliable source
Free*
Tanker
Cost comparison

11. Sarvajal

12. Sarvajal

13. Sarvajal

14. “Do low-income consumers trust
digital stores of value?”
- IMTFI

15. Designing a Study

16. Road trip

17. Understanding the dynamics

18. Distribution

19. Fetching

20. Storage

21. Consumption

22. Personas

23. What we learnt

24. Access to water means...

25. Recontamination...

26. Access to water is power

27. Jugaad

28. Ideas for Sarvajal

29. #1 Sarvajal Water Tanker

30. #2 Methods for identifying community influencers

31. The Big Picture

32. Product design and strategy
consultancy helping many of the
worlds most successful
companies
www.frogdesign.com/
Funding research that explores
the edges of financial inclusion.
www.imtfi.uci.edu/