1. TheyThey have boughthave bought a new house.a new house.
(When did they buy it? We don’t know when;
the time is not mentioned.)
HeHe hahass livedlived inin FranceFrance since 1991.since 1991.
( He still lives in France.)
HHaaveve youyou ever eatenever eaten fried ants?fried ants?
1.1. Action started in the past and continues up to the present.Action started in the past and continues up to the present.
2.2. Experience.Experience.
3.3. Unspecific time.Unspecific time.
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2. I washed
We have cleaned
You (`ve) danced
They finished
done
He been
She has bought
It (`s) begun
I washed
We have cleaned
You (`ve) danced
They finished
done
He been
She has bought
It (`s) begun
I washed
We haven`t cleaned
You (have not) danced
They finished
done
He been
She hasn`t bought
It (has not) begun
I washed
We haven`t cleaned
You (have not) danced
They finished
done
He been
She hasn`t bought
It (has not) begun
STRUCTURE
PositivePositive NegativeNegative

3. EXAMPLES
• I HAVE GONE TO
SPAIN.

4. EXAMPLES
• HE HAS HAD AN
ACCIDENT.

5. EXAMPLES
• I HAVEN’T GONE
TO INDIA.

6. EXAMPLES
• SHE HASN’T
PLAYED GOLF.

7. EXAMPLES
• HE HASN’T
FIXED A CAR.

8. EXAMPLES
• THEY HAVEN’T
SEEN AN ALIEN.

9. I washed?
Have we cleaned?
you danced?
they finished?
he been?
Has she bought?
it begun?
I
Yes / No we
you
they
he
Yes / No she
it
have/haven’t
has/hasn’t
QuestionsQuestions AnswersAnswers
STRUCTURE

10. EXAMPLES
• HAVE YOU
PRACTICED
BOWLING?
• HAVE YOU
PLAYED
BASEBALL?
Yes, I have / No, I haven’t.
Yes, I have / No, I haven’t.

11. EXAMPLES
• HAS HE PLAYED
FOOTBALL?
• HAS HE RIDDEN
A MOTORCYCLE?
Yes, he has / No, he hasn’t.
Yes, he has / No, he hasn’t.

12. Tom bought a new laptop
yesterdayyesterday.
My parents travelled to
Cuzco last year.last year.
Tom has bought a new
car .
My parents have
travelled to Cuzco twicetwice
so far.so far.
PAST SIMPLE:
 Specific time in the past:
Time expression:Time expression:yesterday , last
night, two days ago, etc
PAST SIMPLE:
 Specific time in the past:
Time expression:Time expression:yesterday , last
night, two days ago, etc
PRESENT PERFECT:
 Unspecific time in the past
Experiences
TimeTime expression:expression: so far, already, yet,
for, since, etc.
PRESENT PERFECT:
 Unspecific time in the past
Experiences
TimeTime expression:expression: so far, already, yet,
for, since, etc.

13. just = a short time ago
 ‘Where’s Anna?’ ‘She’s just woken up.’
 ‘Are you hungry?’ ‘No, I’ve just had dinner.’
 ‘Is Tom here?’ ‘No, I’m afraid he’s just gone out.’
I’ve just…

14. are used for a period of time:
Since: For:
Edward has been a wampire
since 1918.
They have been married
for long years.

15. Hidayet Türkoğlu has played
basketball since he was a child.
Hadise has sung for 6 years.

16. Examples:
Since: For:
 since yesterday
 since Friday.
 since 2005.
 since I moved to London.
 for ten minutes.
 for three hours.
 for five days.
 for a month.