SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  50
Télécharger pour lire hors ligne
Boon Yew Chew
                                                                    IA Summit 2013




                       Typography is
                       information architecture
                       How a little understanding goes a long way



                                                                        @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13
Hi, I’m Boon.

                                                                                                                                                                                             @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

My	
  name	
  is	
  Boon.	
  I’m	
  an	
  informa1on	
  architect	
  /	
  interac1on	
  designer	
  at	
  SapientNitro	
  in	
  London.	
  Some	
  of	
  you	
  may	
  have	
  recognized	
  me	
  
from	
  my	
  sketchnotes,	
  and	
  this	
  is	
  a	
  sample	
  of	
  a	
  piece	
  of	
  work	
  I	
  did	
  for	
  a	
  book	
  called	
  the	
  sketchnote	
  handbook,	
  which	
  we’re	
  giving	
  away	
  at	
  
this	
  conference	
  to	
  people	
  who	
  will	
  be	
  uploading	
  their	
  photos	
  to	
  the	
  IA	
  Summit	
  sketchnotes	
  Flickr	
  group.	
  If	
  you	
  want	
  to	
  know	
  more	
  about	
  
that,	
  come	
  find	
  me	
  aGer	
  the	
  talk.
#TypographyIsIA


Saturday, 6 April 13

But	
  today’s	
  talk	
  is	
  on	
  typography,	
  not	
  sketchnotes.
Oh	
  and	
  if	
  you	
  want	
  to	
  tweet	
  about	
  stuff	
  -­‐	
  the	
  hashtag	
  is	
  #typographyisia.
Why typography?

                                            http://www.flickr.com/photos/atomicshed/5600284969                                                                                                 @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

So,	
  The	
  reason	
  I	
  wanted	
  to	
  share	
  this	
  is	
  because	
  I’m	
  really	
  fascinated	
  by	
  the	
  topic,	
  and	
  it’s	
  something	
  we	
  don’t	
  really	
  discuss	
  in	
  IA	
  circles.
And	
  the	
  more	
  I	
  researched	
  about	
  it	
  and	
  spent	
  1me	
  at	
  typography	
  events,	
  the	
  more	
  I	
  realised	
  this	
  was	
  really	
  relevant	
  to	
  our	
  work.	
  
I	
  started	
  thinking	
  of	
  typography	
  as	
  informa1on	
  architecture,	
  and	
  I	
  have	
  a	
  few	
  reasons	
  why.
Information
                       building blocks

                                          http://www.flickr.com/photos/44124367235@N01/3698270/                                                                                        @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

Firstly,	
  typefaces	
  provide	
  the	
  building	
  blocks	
  for	
  making	
  informa1on	
  visible.	
  Without	
  it,	
  it	
  would	
  be	
  really	
  hard	
  to	
  have	
  things	
  like	
  road	
  
signs,	
  websites,	
  books,	
  posters	
  so	
  widely	
  available.	
  We	
  depend	
  on	
  it	
  to	
  do	
  a	
  lot	
  of	
  things	
  for	
  us.
An older form of IA

                                     http://www.flickr.com/photos/calsidyrose/7043554105                                                                          @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

Secondly,	
  typography	
  has	
  been	
  around	
  for	
  hundreds	
  of	
  years,	
  and	
  before	
  the	
  age	
  of	
  the	
  computer,	
  many	
  people	
  who	
  prac1ced	
  
typography	
  were	
  focused	
  on	
  things	
  like	
  communica1ng	
  informa1on,	
  dealing	
  with	
  complexity,	
  and	
  facilita1ng	
  understanding.	
  In	
  many	
  
ways	
  it	
  s1ll	
  does	
  today.	
  That’s	
  also	
  what	
  we	
  aim	
  to	
  achieve	
  as	
  informa1on	
  architects.
Communication

                                         http://www.flickr.com/photos/30555049@N07/8088011895                                                                                     @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

Finally,	
  typography	
  deals	
  with	
  the	
  way	
  people	
  communicate	
  with	
  one	
  another.	
  And	
  although	
  we	
  can	
  all	
  understand	
  content	
  regardless	
  of	
  
what	
  font	
  is	
  being	
  used,	
  we	
  also	
  want	
  to	
  be	
  able	
  to	
  communicate	
  ourselves	
  appropriately	
  as	
  people	
  do	
  and	
  typography	
  allows	
  us	
  to	
  do	
  
that.
Saturday, 6 April 13
                                                                                                                                         ey                                                        @boonych



My	
  goal	
  for	
  this	
  talk	
  is	
  to	
  explain	
  how	
  beOer	
  understanding	
  of	
  typography	
  helps	
  our	
  work	
  in	
  informa1on	
  architecture.	
  
But	
  I	
  don’t	
  want	
  to	
  focus	
  on	
  the	
  actual	
  doing	
  of	
  typography,	
  because	
  I	
  think	
  there’s	
  a	
  lot	
  of	
  stuff	
  out	
  there	
  that	
  just	
  focuses	
  on	
  the	
  how-­‐
tos	
  but	
  doesn’t	
  explain	
  the	
  WHY.	
  And	
  I	
  think	
  the	
  why	
  is	
  important.
Systems                                                                                                    Perception	                               	




                                                                                                                                ey
     Patterns                                                                                                   Relationships




                                                                                                                                                                                      @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

So,	
  I’m	
  going	
  to	
  frame	
  typography	
  in	
  four	
  different	
  ways	
  -­‐	
  systems,	
  percep1on,	
  paOerns	
  and	
  rela1onships	
  -­‐-­‐	
  which	
  will	
  help	
  you	
  
understand	
  typography	
  a	
  bit	
  beOer	
  as	
  a	
  craG.	
  
1439




                                                                                                                                                                    @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

So	
  in	
  1439,	
  Johannes	
  Gutenberg	
  revolu1onised	
  the	
  publishing	
  industry	
  by	
  inven1ng	
  a	
  system	
  that	
  could	
  mass-­‐produce	
  printed	
  material	
  
prac1cally	
  and	
  economically.
Saturday, 6 April 13

The	
  system	
  he	
  devised	
  involved	
  two	
  parts:	
  the	
  first	
  part	
  was	
  a	
  manufacturing	
  process,	
  which	
  was	
  a	
  unique	
  way	
  to	
  producing	
  individual	
  
pieces	
  of	
  leOers,	
  called	
  type.	
  
http://www.flickr.com/photos/wilhei/109404349/                                                                                          @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

and	
  the	
  second	
  part	
  was	
  a	
  methodology	
  -­‐-­‐	
  the	
  specific	
  way	
  you	
  went	
  about	
  assembling	
  type	
  together	
  to	
  form	
  words,	
  sentences,	
  
paragraphs	
  and	
  so	
  on.
Today’s	
  system	
  isn’t	
  any	
  different	
  -­‐	
  all	
  these	
  individual	
  pieces	
  just	
  happen	
  to	
  be	
  in	
  digital	
  form	
  instead	
  of	
  metal	
  type.
Saturday, 6 April 13

The	
  professionals	
  who	
  specialised	
  in	
  type	
  se[ng	
  at	
  the	
  1me	
  were	
  called	
  compositors.	
  In	
  a	
  sense,	
  this	
  is	
  what	
  we	
  do	
  as	
  IAs	
  -­‐	
  like	
  
compositors,	
  we	
  use	
  our	
  understanding	
  of	
  systems	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  the	
  human	
  condi1on	
  to	
  organise	
  informa1on	
  in	
  an	
  appropriate	
  way.	
  

By	
  the	
  way	
  I’ll	
  be	
  using	
  the	
  word	
  “typefaces”	
  a	
  lot	
  -­‐	
  that’s	
  just	
  another	
  word	
  for	
  “font”	
  but	
  is	
  more	
  technically	
  correct	
  because	
  “typeface”	
  
refers	
  to	
  the	
  way	
  the	
  thing	
  “looks”.
@boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

Typography	
  involves	
  many	
  people	
  with	
  different	
  skills.	
  Compositors	
  had	
  to	
  understand	
  the	
  work	
  done	
  by	
  other	
  people	
  such	
  as	
  type	
  
designers,	
  type	
  manufacturers,	
  printers,	
  and	
  paper	
  manufacturers	
  so	
  that	
  the	
  printed	
  material	
  came	
  out	
  just	
  right.	
  Today,	
  it’s	
  actually	
  
not	
  that	
  different	
  -­‐	
  type	
  designers,	
  visual	
  designers,	
  developers,	
  informa1on	
  architects	
  -­‐	
  everyone	
  influences	
  how	
  typography	
  is	
  applied	
  
and	
  affects	
  the	
  user	
  experience.	
  It’s	
  not	
  the	
  job	
  of	
  one	
  person.
Typography is the
                        result of many
                        systems combined.


                                                                                                                                                                                            @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

This	
  is	
  what	
  I	
  mean	
  by	
  thinking	
  of	
  typography	
  in	
  terms	
  of	
  systems.	
  It’s	
  this	
  way	
  of	
  ge[ng	
  away	
  from	
  just	
  the	
  visual	
  representa1on	
  of	
  the	
  
typeface.
@boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

And	
  today,	
  this	
  is	
  even	
  more	
  important,	
  because	
  there	
  are	
  more	
  mediums	
  and	
  channels	
  in	
  which	
  type	
  is	
  used	
  to	
  communicate	
  
informa1on.	
  It’s	
  important	
  is	
  because	
  you	
  want	
  the	
  typeface	
  to	
  look	
  the	
  way	
  it’s	
  intended	
  to	
  look,	
  and	
  if	
  it’s	
  not	
  doing	
  that,	
  then	
  that’s	
  a	
  
problem	
  and	
  you	
  need	
  to	
  know	
  where	
  to	
  go	
  to	
  fix	
  it.
Perception

                                            Ralf Herrmann, opentype.info (image used with permission)                                                                                         @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

A	
  lot	
  of	
  this	
  obsession	
  in	
  typography	
  has	
  to	
  do	
  with	
  percep1on	
  -­‐	
  if	
  the	
  user	
  has	
  perceived	
  an	
  L	
  to	
  look	
  like	
  the	
  leOer	
  I,	
  then	
  the	
  
design	
  has	
  failed.	
  And	
  similarly,	
  if	
  the	
  reader	
  perceives	
  a	
  word	
  or	
  sentence	
  to	
  mean	
  the	
  wrong	
  thing,	
  the	
  design	
  has	
  failed.	
  These	
  
are	
  basic	
  problems	
  typography	
  aims	
  to	
  avoid.
http://circusredickuless.com/king-james-bible-comic-sans-edition.html                                                      @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

But	
  percep1on	
  goes	
  beyond	
  what	
  we	
  see	
  and	
  read.	
  Percep1on	
  is	
  also	
  about	
  how	
  we	
  feel,	
  and	
  that	
  some1mes	
  influences	
  
what	
  we	
  understand	
  when	
  we	
  read.	
  And	
  so	
  typography	
  becomes	
  a	
  tool	
  to	
  design	
  for	
  what	
  readers	
  will	
  perceive.	
  And	
  yes	
  
there	
  actually	
  an	
  en1re	
  bible	
  set	
  in	
  comic	
  sans,	
  it	
  was	
  apparently	
  created	
  for	
  people	
  who	
  have	
  trouble	
  understanding	
  the	
  
Bible.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/nicksherman/8257578912/


Saturday, 6 April 13

Human	
  percep1on	
  is	
  complex	
  because	
  there	
  are	
  so	
  many	
  factors	
  influencing	
  it.	
  Some1mes	
  a	
  designer	
  will	
  place	
  more	
  
emphasis	
  on	
  the	
  ability	
  to	
  create	
  harmonious	
  word	
  shapes	
  to	
  support	
  reading.	
  
http://www.flickr.com/photos/11926838@N03/4732769347/


Saturday, 6 April 13

Some1mes	
  the	
  emphasis	
  is	
  on	
  legibility,	
  which	
  is	
  appropriate	
  for	
  condi1ons	
  such	
  as	
  highway	
  signs	
  where	
  word	
  recogni1on	
  
is	
  crucial.	
  
Transport typeface
     Jock Kinnear & Margaret Calvert



                                      Ralf Herrmann, opentype.info (image used with permission)


Saturday, 6 April 13

By	
  the	
  way,	
  the	
  typeface	
  you	
  see	
  here	
  is	
  the	
  Transport	
  typeface,	
  which	
  is	
  the	
  official	
  typeface	
  used	
  across	
  all	
  highway	
  signs	
  
across	
  the	
  UK.	
  This	
  is	
  a	
  list	
  of	
  typefaces	
  used	
  by	
  different	
  countries,	
  and	
  Transport	
  is	
  the	
  3rd	
  one	
  on	
  the	
  list.
I’ll	
  be	
  talking	
  about	
  this	
  a	
  bit	
  later	
  so	
  keep	
  that	
  in	
  mind.
1.	
  USA	
  2.	
  USA	
  3.	
  UK	
  4.	
  Sweden	
  5.	
  Spain	
  /	
  Italy	
  6.	
  Norway	
  7.	
  Germany	
  8.	
  Netherlands
Saturday, 6 April 13

Some1mes	
  the	
  differences	
  are	
  so	
  subtle,	
  it’s	
  hard	
  to	
  know	
  if	
  they’ll	
  make	
  any	
  difference	
  to	
  the	
  user	
  experience,	
  so	
  it’s	
  
worth	
  understanding	
  why	
  certain	
  typefaces	
  have	
  been	
  designed	
  a	
  certain	
  way.	
  Thankfully,	
  there	
  are	
  quite	
  a	
  lot	
  of	
  resources	
  
out	
  there	
  and	
  healthy	
  discussion	
  around	
  so	
  you	
  should	
  definitely	
  take	
  advantage	
  of	
  that.
Pattern matching


                                               http://www.flickr.com/photos/29461743@N00/5327827657/
                                               http://www.flickr.com/photos/31252318@N08/5152625601                                                                                                        @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

So	
  the	
  idea	
  of	
  percep1on	
  is	
  really	
  about	
  designing	
  for	
  basic	
  needs,	
  and	
  once	
  we’ve	
  got	
  that	
  covered,	
  we	
  want	
  to	
  make	
  it	
  effec1ve	
  and	
  
efficient	
  for	
  users	
  to	
  find	
  and	
  understand	
  informa1on,	
  which	
  usually	
  involves	
  reading	
  or	
  scanning.	
  You	
  can	
  also	
  think	
  of	
  reading	
  and	
  
scanning	
  as	
  a	
  paOern	
  matching	
  ac1vity,	
  but	
  you	
  can	
  never	
  be	
  quite	
  sure	
  what	
  exactly	
  the	
  reader	
  is	
  expec1ng	
  to	
  see	
  -­‐	
  it	
  could	
  be	
  a	
  word,	
  a 	
  
list	
  of	
  numbers,	
  the	
  crossbar	
  of	
  the	
  leOer	
  t	
  -­‐	
  no	
  one	
  really	
  knows.	
  But	
  the	
  point	
  is	
  this	
  -­‐-­‐	
  it’s	
  good	
  to	
  think	
  of	
  typography	
  as	
  a	
  way	
  of	
  
helping	
  users	
  iden1fy	
  and	
  recognize	
  paOerns.
Saccades


                                                                                                                                                                                                   @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

This	
  is	
  a	
  paOern	
  of	
  how	
  reading	
  takes	
  place	
  across	
  a	
  long	
  form	
  ar1cle.	
  It	
  involves	
  a	
  series	
  of	
  brief	
  movements	
  known	
  as	
  saccades,	
  and	
  it	
  
happens	
  very	
  very	
  quickly	
  -­‐	
  at	
  about	
  1/5ths	
  of	
  a	
  second.	
  The	
  eye	
  doesn’t	
  actually	
  see	
  everything	
  in	
  focus	
  -­‐-­‐	
  as	
  it	
  moves,	
  the	
  focal	
  point	
  
jumps	
  from	
  part	
  of	
  a	
  word	
  to	
  part	
  of	
  another	
  word,	
  piecing	
  together	
  those	
  parts	
  like	
  a	
  jigsaw	
  puzzle	
  to	
  visualise	
  the	
  full	
  words	
  and	
  
sentences.
1. words and sentences
                        2. content types
                        3. information organisation

                                                                                                                                                                                                  @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

When	
  interfaces	
  get	
  more	
  complex,	
  it	
  becomes	
  harder	
  to	
  scan	
  informa1on	
  -­‐-­‐	
  because	
  the	
  eye	
  now	
  needs	
  to	
  iden1fy	
  at	
  least	
  three	
  types	
  
of	
  paOerns	
  -­‐-­‐	
  words	
  and	
  sentences	
  -­‐-­‐	
  different	
  content	
  types	
  -­‐-­‐	
  and	
  how	
  informa1on	
  is	
  organized	
  on	
  a	
  page.	
  Ideally,	
  you	
  want	
  this	
  to	
  be	
  
as	
  natural	
  and	
  implicit	
  as	
  possible,	
  so	
  the	
  goal	
  of	
  typography	
  is	
  to	
  make	
  those	
  different	
  paOerns	
  easier	
  to	
  iden1fy	
  without	
  having	
  to	
  use	
  
explicit	
  means	
  of	
  instruc1on.
hey
                                                                                           Chapter 4
                                                                                                                                                                                              	     When he was nearly thirteen, my brother Jem got his arm badly
                                                                                                                                                                                              broken at the elbow. When it healed, and Jem's fears of never being able
                                                                                                                                                                                              to play football were assuaged, he was seldom self-conscious about his
                                                                                                                                                                                              injury. His left arm was somewhat shorter than his right; when he stood or


                                                                                           People moved slowly then. They ambled                                                              walked, the back of his hand was at right angles to his body, his thumb
                                                                                                                                                                                              parallel to his thigh. He couldn't have cared less, so long as he could pass
                                                                                                                                                                                              and punt.



                                                                                           across the square, shuffled in and out of the
                                                                                                                                                                                              	     When enough years had gone by to enable us to look back on them,
                                                                                                                                                                                              we sometimes discussed the events leading to his accident. I maintain
                                                                                                                                                                                              that the Ewells started it all, but Jem, who was four years my senior, said it
                                                                                                                                                                                              started long before that. He said it began the summer Dill came to us,


                                                                                           stores around it, took their time about
                                                                                                                                                                                              when Dill first gave us the idea of making Boo Radley come out.
                                                                                                                                                                                              I said if be wanted to take a broad view of the thing, it really began with
                                                                                                                                                                                              Andrew Jackson. If General Jackson hadn't run the Creeks up the creek,
                                                                                                                                                                                              Simon Finch would never have paddled up the Alabama, and where would


                                                                                           everything. A day was twenty-four hours                                                            we be if he hadn't? We were far too old to settle an argument with a fist-
                                                                                                                                                                                              fight, so we consulted Atticus. Our father said we were both right.
                                                                                                                                                                                              Being Southerners, it was a source of shame to some members of the


                                                                                           long but seemed longer. There was no hurry,
                                                                                                                                                                                              family that we had no recorded ancestors on either side of the Battle of
                                                                                                                                                                                              Hastings. All we had was Simon Finch, a fur-trapping apothecary from
                                                                                                                                                                                              Cornwall whose piety was exceeded only by his stinginess. In England,
                                                                                                                                                                                              Simon was irritated by the persecution of those who called themselves


                                                                                           for there was nowhere to go, nothing to buy                                                        Methodists at the hands of their more liberal brethren, and as Simon
                                                                                                                                                                                              called himself a Methodist, he worked his way across the Atlantic to
                                                                                                                                                                                              Philadelphia, thence to Jamaica, thence to Mobile, and up the Saint



                                                                                           and no money to buy it with, nothing to see
                                                                                                                                                                                              Stephens. Mindful of John Wesley's strictures on the use of many words
                                                                                                                                                                                              in buying and selling, Simon made a pile practicing medicine, but in this
                                                                                                                                                                                              pursuit he was unhappy lest he be tempted into doing what he knew was
                                                                                                                                                                                              not for the glory of God, as the putting on of gold and costly apparel. So


                                                                                           outside the boundaries of Maycomb County.
                                                                                                                                                                                              Simon, having forgotten his teacher's dictum on the possession of human
                                                                                                                                                                                              chattels, bought three slaves and with their aid established a homestead
                                                                                                                                                                                              on the banks of the Alabama River some forty miles above Saint
                                                                                                                                                                                              Stephens. He returned to Saint Stephens only once, to find a wife, and


                                                                                           But it was a time of vague optimism for                                                            with her established a line that ran high to daughters. Simon lived to an
                                                                                                                                                                                              impressive age and died rich.
                                                                                                                                                                                              It was customary for the men in the family to remain on Simon's


                                                                                           some of the people: Maycomb County had
                                                                                                                                                                                              homestead, Finch's Landing, and make their living from cotton. The place
                                                                                                                                                                                              was self-sufficient: modest in comparison with the empires around it, the
                                                                                                                                                                                              Landing nevertheless produced everything required to sustain life except
                                                                                                                                                                                              ice, wheat flour, and articles of clothing, supplied by river-boats from


                                                                                           recently been told that it had nothing to fear                                                     Mobile.
                                                                                                                                                                                              Simon would have regarded with impotent fury the disturbance between
                                                                                                                                                                                              the North and the South, as it left his descendants stripped of everything



                                                                                           but fear itself.
                                                                                                                                                                                              but their land, yet the tradition of living on the land remained unbroken
                                                                                                                                                                                              until well into the twentieth century, when my father, Atticus Finch, went to
                                                                                                                                                                                              Montgomery to read law, 8 9 and his younger brother went to Boston to
                                                                                                                                                                                              study medicine. Their sister Alexandra was the Finch who remained at the
                                                                                                                                                                                              Landing: she married a taciturn man who spent most of his time lying in a
                                                                                                                                                                                              hammock by the river wondering if his trot-lines were full.
                                                                                                                                                                                              	     When my father was admitted to the bar, he returned to Maycomb
                                                                                                                                                                                              and began his practice. Mayeomb, some twenty miles east of Finch's


                                                                                           We lived on the main residential street in                                                         Landing, was the county seat of Maycomb County. Atticus's office in the
                                                                                                                                                                                              courthouse contained little more than a hat rack, a spittoon, a
                                                                                                                                                                                              checkerboard and an unsullied Code of Alabama. His first two clients


                                                                                           town—Atticus, Jem and I, plus Calpurnia our
                                                                                                                                                                                              were the last two persons hanged in the Maycomb County jail. Atticus had
                                                                                                                                                                                              urged them to accept the state's generosity in allowing them to plead
                                                                                                                                                                                              Guilty to second-degree murder and escape with their lives, but they were
                                                                                                                                                                                              Haverfords, in Maycomb County a name synonymous with jackass. The


                                                                                           cook. Jem and I found our father                                                                   Haverfords had dispatched Maycomb's leading blacksmith in a
                                                                                                                                                                                              misunderstanding arising from the alleged wrongful detention of a mare,
                                                                                                                                                                                              were imprudent enough to do it in the presence of three witnesses, and



                                                                                           satisfactory: he played with us, read to us,
                                                                                                                                                                                              insisted that the-son-of-a-bitch-had-itcoming-to-him was a good enough
                                                                                                                                                                                              defense for anybody. They persisted in pleading Not Guilty to first-degree
                                                                                                                                                                                              murder, so there was nothing much Atticus could do for his clients except
                                                                                                                                                                                              be present at their departure, an occasion that was probably the


                                                                                           and treated us with courteous detachment.
                                                                                                                                                                                              beginning of my father's profound distaste for the practice of criminal law.
                                                                                                                                                                                              During his first five years in Maycomb, Atticus practiced economy more
                                                                                                                                                                                              than anything; for several years thereafter he invested his earnings in his
                                                                                                                                                                                              brother's education. John Hale Finch was ten years younger than my
                                                                                                                                                                                              father, and chose to study medicine at a time when cotton was not worth




        They ambled
                                                                                                                                                                                              growing; but after getting Uncle Jack started, Atticus derived areasonable
                                                                                                                                                                                              income from the law. He liked Maycomb, he was Maycomb County born


                                                                                           Calpurnia was something else again. She
                                                                                                                                                                                              and bred; he knew his people, they knew him, and because of Simon
                                                                                                                                                                                              Finch's industry, Atticus was related by blood or marriage to nearly every
                                                                                                                                                                                              family in the town.
                                                                                                                                                                                              	     Maycomb was an old town, but it was a tired old town when I first


                                                                                           was all angles and bones; she was                                                                  knew it. In rainy weather the streets turned to red slop; grass grew on the
                                                                                                                                                                                              sidewalks, the courthouse sagged in the square. Somehow, it was hotter
                                                                                                                                                                                              then: a black dog suffered on a summer's day; bony mules hitched to



                                                                                           nearsighted; she squinted; her hand was
                                                                                                                                                                                              Hoover carts flicked flies in the sweltering shade of the live oaks on the
                                                                                                                                                                                              square. Men's stiff collars wilted by nine in the morning. Ladies bathed




        across the
                                                                                                                                                                                              before noon, after their three-o'clock naps, and by nightfall were like soft
                                                                                                                                                                                              teacakes with frostings of sweat and sweet talcum.


                                                                                           wide as a bed slat and twice as hard. She
                                                                                                                                                                                              People moved slowly then. They ambled across the square, shuffled in
                                                                                                                                                                                              and out of the stores around it, took their time about everything. A day
                                                                                                                                                                                              was twenty-four hours long but seemed longer. There was no hurry, for
                                                                                                                                                                                              there was nowhere to go, nothing to buy and no money to buy it with,


                                                                                           was always ordering me out of the kitchen,                                                         nothing to see outside the boundaries of Maycomb County. But it was a
                                                                                                                                                                                              time of vague optimism for some of the people: Maycomb County had
                                                                                                                                                                                              recently been told that it had nothing to fear but fear itself.


                                                                                           asking me why I couldn’t behave as well as
                                                                                                                                                                                              We lived on the main residential street in town-Atticus, Jem and I, plus
                                                                                                                                                                                              Ca1purnia our cook. Jem and I found our father satisfactory: he played
                                                                                                                                                                                              with us, read to us, and treated us with courteous detachment.




        square
                                                                                                                                                                                              	     Calpurnia was something else again. She was all angles and bones;


                                                                                           Jem when she knew he was older, and                                                                she was nearsighted; she squinted; her hand was wide as a bed slat and
                                                                                                                                                                                              twice as hard. She was always ordering me out of the kitchen, asking me
                                                                                                                                                                                              why I couldn't behave as well as Jem when she knew he was older, and



                                                                                           calling me home when I wasn’t ready to
                                                                                                                                                                                              calling me home when I wasn't ready to come. Our battles were epic and
                                                                                                                                                                                              one-sided. Calpurnia always won, mainly because Atticus always took her
                                                                                                                                                                                              side. She had been with us ever since Jem was born, and I had felt her
                                                                                                                                                                                              tyrannical presence as long as I could remember.


                                                                                           come. Our battles were epic and one-sided.
                                                                                           Calpurnia always won, mainly because
                                                                                           Atticus always took her side.




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    @boonych

 Saturday, 6 April 13
 The	
  way	
  typography	
  aids	
  the	
  paOern	
  matching	
  process	
  is	
  by	
  establishing	
  healthy	
  rela1onships	
  between	
  all	
  these	
  elements	
  in	
  ques1on.	
  
 A	
  good	
  rule	
  of	
  thumb	
  is	
  to	
  look	
  at	
  the	
  nega1ve	
  space,	
  that	
  is	
  the	
  spaces	
  that	
  appear	
  around	
  shapes	
  and	
  elements,	
  and	
  make	
  sure	
  that	
  there’s	
  balance	
  in	
  
 everything	
  -­‐-­‐	
  so	
  things	
  like	
  leOers	
  don’t	
  get	
  squished	
  together,	
  words	
  can	
  be	
  easily	
  read,	
  and	
  that	
  the	
  content	
  looks	
  organized	
  as	
  a	
  whole.	
  
hey
                                                                                           Chapter 4
                                                                                                                                                                                              	     When he was nearly thirteen, my brother Jem got his arm badly
                                                                                                                                                                                              broken at the elbow. When it healed, and Jem's fears of never being able
                                                                                                                                                                                              to play football were assuaged, he was seldom self-conscious about his
                                                                                                                                                                                              injury. His left arm was somewhat shorter than his right; when he stood or


                                                                                           People moved slowly then. They ambled                                                              walked, the back of his hand was at right angles to his body, his thumb
                                                                                                                                                                                              parallel to his thigh. He couldn't have cared less, so long as he could pass
                                                                                                                                                                                              and punt.



                                                                                           across the square, shuffled in and out of the
                                                                                                                                                                                              	     When enough years had gone by to enable us to look back on them,
                                                                                                                                                                                              we sometimes discussed the events leading to his accident. I maintain
                                                                                                                                                                                              that the Ewells started it all, but Jem, who was four years my senior, said it
                                                                                                                                                                                              started long before that. He said it began the summer Dill came to us,


                                                                                           stores around it, took their time about
                                                                                                                                                                                              when Dill first gave us the idea of making Boo Radley come out.
                                                                                                                                                                                              I said if be wanted to take a broad view of the thing, it really began with
                                                                                                                                                                                              Andrew Jackson. If General Jackson hadn't run the Creeks up the creek,
                                                                                                                                                                                              Simon Finch would never have paddled up the Alabama, and where would


                                                                                           everything. A day was twenty-four hours                                                            we be if he hadn't? We were far too old to settle an argument with a fist-
                                                                                                                                                                                              fight, so we consulted Atticus. Our father said we were both right.
                                                                                                                                                                                              Being Southerners, it was a source of shame to some members of the


                                                                                           long but seemed longer. There was no hurry,
                                                                                                                                                                                              family that we had no recorded ancestors on either side of the Battle of
                                                                                                                                                                                              Hastings. All we had was Simon Finch, a fur-trapping apothecary from
                                                                                                                                                                                              Cornwall whose piety was exceeded only by his stinginess. In England,
                                                                                                                                                                                              Simon was irritated by the persecution of those who called themselves


                                                                                           for there was nowhere to go, nothing to buy                                                        Methodists at the hands of their more liberal brethren, and as Simon
                                                                                                                                                                                              called himself a Methodist, he worked his way across the Atlantic to
                                                                                                                                                                                              Philadelphia, thence to Jamaica, thence to Mobile, and up the Saint



                                                                                           and no money to buy it with, nothing to see
                                                                                                                                                                                              Stephens. Mindful of John Wesley's strictures on the use of many words
                                                                                                                                                                                              in buying and selling, Simon made a pile practicing medicine, but in this
                                                                                                                                                                                              pursuit he was unhappy lest he be tempted into doing what he knew was
                                                                                                                                                                                              not for the glory of God, as the putting on of gold and costly apparel. So


                                                                                           outside the boundaries of Maycomb County.
                                                                                                                                                                                              Simon, having forgotten his teacher's dictum on the possession of human
                                                                                                                                                                                              chattels, bought three slaves and with their aid established a homestead
                                                                                                                                                                                              on the banks of the Alabama River some forty miles above Saint
                                                                                                                                                                                              Stephens. He returned to Saint Stephens only once, to find a wife, and


                                                                                           But it was a time of vague optimism for                                                            with her established a line that ran high to daughters. Simon lived to an
                                                                                                                                                                                              impressive age and died rich.
                                                                                                                                                                                              It was customary for the men in the family to remain on Simon's


                                                                                           some of the people: Maycomb County had
                                                                                                                                                                                              homestead, Finch's Landing, and make their living from cotton. The place
                                                                                                                                                                                              was self-sufficient: modest in comparison with the empires around it, the
                                                                                                                                                                                              Landing nevertheless produced everything required to sustain life except
                                                                                                                                                                                              ice, wheat flour, and articles of clothing, supplied by river-boats from


                                                                                           recently been told that it had nothing to fear                                                     Mobile.
                                                                                                                                                                                              Simon would have regarded with impotent fury the disturbance between
                                                                                                                                                                                              the North and the South, as it left his descendants stripped of everything



                                                                                           but fear itself.
                                                                                                                                                                                              but their land, yet the tradition of living on the land remained unbroken
                                                                                                                                                                                              until well into the twentieth century, when my father, Atticus Finch, went to
                                                                                                                                                                                              Montgomery to read law, 8 9 and his younger brother went to Boston to
                                                                                                                                                                                              study medicine. Their sister Alexandra was the Finch who remained at the
                                                                                                                                                                                              Landing: she married a taciturn man who spent most of his time lying in a
                                                                                                                                                                                              hammock by the river wondering if his trot-lines were full.
                                                                                                                                                                                              	     When my father was admitted to the bar, he returned to Maycomb
                                                                                                                                                                                              and began his practice. Mayeomb, some twenty miles east of Finch's


                                                                                           We lived on the main residential street in                                                         Landing, was the county seat of Maycomb County. Atticus's office in the
                                                                                                                                                                                              courthouse contained little more than a hat rack, a spittoon, a
                                                                                                                                                                                              checkerboard and an unsullied Code of Alabama. His first two clients


                                                                                           town—Atticus, Jem and I, plus Calpurnia our
                                                                                                                                                                                              were the last two persons hanged in the Maycomb County jail. Atticus had
                                                                                                                                                                                              urged them to accept the state's generosity in allowing them to plead
                                                                                                                                                                                              Guilty to second-degree murder and escape with their lives, but they were
                                                                                                                                                                                              Haverfords, in Maycomb County a name synonymous with jackass. The


                                                                                           cook. Jem and I found our father                                                                   Haverfords had dispatched Maycomb's leading blacksmith in a
                                                                                                                                                                                              misunderstanding arising from the alleged wrongful detention of a mare,
                                                                                                                                                                                              were imprudent enough to do it in the presence of three witnesses, and



                                                                                           satisfactory: he played with us, read to us,
                                                                                                                                                                                              insisted that the-son-of-a-bitch-had-itcoming-to-him was a good enough
                                                                                                                                                                                              defense for anybody. They persisted in pleading Not Guilty to first-degree
                                                                                                                                                                                              murder, so there was nothing much Atticus could do for his clients except
                                                                                                                                                                                              be present at their departure, an occasion that was probably the


                                                                                           and treated us with courteous detachment.
                                                                                                                                                                                              beginning of my father's profound distaste for the practice of criminal law.
                                                                                                                                                                                              During his first five years in Maycomb, Atticus practiced economy more
                                                                                                                                                                                              than anything; for several years thereafter he invested his earnings in his
                                                                                                                                                                                              brother's education. John Hale Finch was ten years younger than my
                                                                                                                                                                                              father, and chose to study medicine at a time when cotton was not worth




        They ambled
                                                                                                                                                                                              growing; but after getting Uncle Jack started, Atticus derived areasonable
                                                                                                                                                                                              income from the law. He liked Maycomb, he was Maycomb County born


                                                                                           Calpurnia was something else again. She
                                                                                                                                                                                              and bred; he knew his people, they knew him, and because of Simon
                                                                                                                                                                                              Finch's industry, Atticus was related by blood or marriage to nearly every
                                                                                                                                                                                              family in the town.
                                                                                                                                                                                              	     Maycomb was an old town, but it was a tired old town when I first


                                                                                           was all angles and bones; she was                                                                  knew it. In rainy weather the streets turned to red slop; grass grew on the
                                                                                                                                                                                              sidewalks, the courthouse sagged in the square. Somehow, it was hotter
                                                                                                                                                                                              then: a black dog suffered on a summer's day; bony mules hitched to



                                                                                           nearsighted; she squinted; her hand was
                                                                                                                                                                                              Hoover carts flicked flies in the sweltering shade of the live oaks on the
                                                                                                                                                                                              square. Men's stiff collars wilted by nine in the morning. Ladies bathed




        across the
                                                                                                                                                                                              before noon, after their three-o'clock naps, and by nightfall were like soft
                                                                                                                                                                                              teacakes with frostings of sweat and sweet talcum.


                                                                                           wide as a bed slat and twice as hard. She
                                                                                                                                                                                              People moved slowly then. They ambled across the square, shuffled in
                                                                                                                                                                                              and out of the stores around it, took their time about everything. A day
                                                                                                                                                                                              was twenty-four hours long but seemed longer. There was no hurry, for
                                                                                                                                                                                              there was nowhere to go, nothing to buy and no money to buy it with,


                                                                                           was always ordering me out of the kitchen,                                                         nothing to see outside the boundaries of Maycomb County. But it was a
                                                                                                                                                                                              time of vague optimism for some of the people: Maycomb County had
                                                                                                                                                                                              recently been told that it had nothing to fear but fear itself.


                                                                                           asking me why I couldn’t behave as well as
                                                                                                                                                                                              We lived on the main residential street in town-Atticus, Jem and I, plus
                                                                                                                                                                                              Ca1purnia our cook. Jem and I found our father satisfactory: he played
                                                                                                                                                                                              with us, read to us, and treated us with courteous detachment.




        square
                                                                                                                                                                                              	     Calpurnia was something else again. She was all angles and bones;


                                                                                           Jem when she knew he was older, and                                                                she was nearsighted; she squinted; her hand was wide as a bed slat and
                                                                                                                                                                                              twice as hard. She was always ordering me out of the kitchen, asking me
                                                                                                                                                                                              why I couldn't behave as well as Jem when she knew he was older, and



                                                                                           calling me home when I wasn’t ready to
                                                                                                                                                                                              calling me home when I wasn't ready to come. Our battles were epic and
                                                                                                                                                                                              one-sided. Calpurnia always won, mainly because Atticus always took her
                                                                                                                                                                                              side. She had been with us ever since Jem was born, and I had felt her
                                                                                                                                                                                              tyrannical presence as long as I could remember.


                                                                                           come. Our battles were epic and one-sided.
                                                                                           Calpurnia always won, mainly because
                                                                                           Atticus always took her side.




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    @boonych

 Saturday, 6 April 13
 The	
  way	
  typography	
  aids	
  the	
  paOern	
  matching	
  process	
  is	
  by	
  establishing	
  healthy	
  rela1onships	
  between	
  all	
  these	
  elements	
  in	
  ques1on.	
  
 A	
  good	
  rule	
  of	
  thumb	
  is	
  to	
  look	
  at	
  the	
  nega1ve	
  space,	
  that	
  is	
  the	
  spaces	
  that	
  appear	
  around	
  shapes	
  and	
  elements,	
  and	
  make	
  sure	
  that	
  there’s	
  balance	
  in	
  
 everything	
  -­‐-­‐	
  so	
  things	
  like	
  leOers	
  don’t	
  get	
  squished	
  together,	
  words	
  can	
  be	
  easily	
  read,	
  and	
  that	
  the	
  content	
  looks	
  organized	
  as	
  a	
  whole.	
  
http://www.flickr.com/photos/grahamhibbert/7623343090
                                               http://www.flickr.com/photos/jlt/2889726705/
                                               http://www.flickr.com/photos/zokuga/5818734490                                                                                                              @boonych
                                               http://www.flickr.com/photos/mshades/4287009210
Saturday, 6 April 13
Ul1mately,	
  all	
  we	
  want	
  is	
  to	
  be	
  able	
  to	
  avoid	
  establishing	
  poor	
  rela1onships	
  in	
  our	
  content.	
  Things	
  like	
  misused	
  fonts	
  make	
  things	
  harder	
  to	
  read,	
  and	
  
some1mes	
  we	
  can	
  create	
  uninten1onal	
  paOerns	
  that	
  hinder	
  the	
  reading	
  experience.	
  All	
  this	
  stuff	
  is	
  what	
  I	
  call	
  typographic	
  hygiene,	
  and	
  you	
  prac1ce	
  that	
  
so	
  that	
  the	
  intent	
  of	
  your	
  design	
  is	
  clear,	
  and	
  not	
  ge[ng	
  in	
  the	
  way	
  of	
  the	
  user.
@boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13
There	
  are	
  many	
  good	
  guidelines	
  and	
  rules	
  on	
  how	
  these	
  rela1onships	
  should	
  be	
  established,	
  such	
  as	
  how	
  far	
  apart	
  characters	
  should	
  be	
  and	
  how	
  much	
  
spacing	
  we	
  should	
  put	
  between	
  sentences,	
  but	
  blindly	
  following	
  these	
  things	
  without	
  an	
  understanding	
  of	
  the	
  fundamental	
  concepts	
  is	
  a	
  bit	
  like	
  taking	
  a	
  
standardized	
  test	
  to	
  qualify	
  as	
  a	
  doctor.	
  
Systems                                                                                               Perception	                              	




                                                                                                                           ey
     Patterns                                                                                              Relationships




                                                                                                                                                                               @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

The	
  guidelines	
  and	
  rules	
  make	
  a	
  lot	
  of	
  sense	
  when	
  you	
  apply	
  them	
  through	
  these	
  four	
  perspec1ves.	
  They’re	
  not	
  complete,	
  but	
  they’re	
  
good	
  ways	
  to	
  ground	
  the	
  prac1ce	
  so	
  that	
  we	
  can	
  produce	
  beOer	
  informa1on	
  architecture.
Case studies

                                                                                                                                                                                             @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

Now	
  that	
  we’ve	
  got	
  the	
  basics	
  aside,	
  there	
  are	
  some	
  case	
  studies	
  I	
  want	
  to	
  share	
  with	
  you	
  to	
  bring	
  this	
  more	
  to	
  life.
Verdana - a typeface
                         for digital displays

                                             http://www.flickr.com/photos/maddi/173564896/                                                                                                          @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

The	
  first	
  case	
  study	
  I	
  want	
  to	
  share	
  is	
  about	
  typefaces	
  for	
  the	
  screen.	
  Our	
  work	
  tends	
  to	
  involve	
  screens	
  a	
  lot,	
  and	
  the	
  story	
  of	
  Verdana	
  is	
  
interes1ng	
  because	
  typographers	
  didn’t	
  start	
  out	
  designing	
  typefaces	
  for	
  the	
  screen.	
  Verdana	
  is	
  one	
  excep1on	
  -­‐	
  it	
  was	
  designed	
  in	
  1996	
  
by	
  MaOhew	
  Carter	
  for	
  MicrosoG,	
  and	
  the	
  way	
  he	
  went	
  about	
  it	
  is	
  very	
  interes1ng.
http://www.domusweb.it/en/design/states-of-design-06-in-your-face-/                                                                               @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

One	
  of	
  the	
  challenges	
  with	
  using	
  type	
  on	
  screens	
  is	
  that	
  everything	
  has	
  to	
  be	
  made	
  up	
  of	
  1ny	
  square	
  pixels,	
  and	
  if	
  the	
  pixels	
  aren’t	
  small	
  
enough,	
  the	
  characters	
  end	
  up	
  looking	
  like	
  lego	
  blocks	
  rather	
  than	
  nicely	
  drawn	
  characters.	
  In	
  order	
  to	
  take	
  advantage	
  of	
  the	
  pixels,	
  what	
  
Carter	
  did	
  was	
  to	
  start	
  with	
  the	
  pixels	
  first	
  before	
  designing	
  the	
  glyphs	
  -­‐-­‐	
  these	
  intricate	
  lines	
  that	
  define	
  the	
  characters	
  of	
  the	
  typeface.
http://karlstolley.com/dissertation/chapter4/systemfonts.htm
                                          http://www.yevol.com/en/windows/Lesson09.htm                                                                                   @boonych
                                          http://www.microsoft.com/typography/web/fonts/verdana/default.htm
Saturday, 6 April 13

This	
  made	
  Verdana	
  a	
  suitable	
  font	
  for	
  displaying	
  content	
  in	
  a	
  small	
  size	
  that	
  didn’t	
  feel	
  uncomfortable	
  to	
  read.
Verdana                                    People moved slowly then.                                                                                                18 pt

                                                           They ambled across the square,
                                                                                                                                                                                    24 pt
                                                           shuffled in and out...

                                                           A day was twenty-four
                                                           hours long but seemed                                                                                                    36 pt

                                                           longer.


                Georgia                                    People moved slowly then.                                                                                                18 pt
                                                           They ambled across the square, shuffled in
                                                                                                                                                                                    24 pt
                                                           and out...

                                                           A day was twenty-four hours                                                                                              36 pt
                                                           long but seemed longer.


                                                                                                                                                                                                  @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

This	
  was	
  great	
  when	
  in	
  the	
  earlier	
  days	
  of	
  the	
  web	
  when	
  you	
  had	
  a	
  monitors	
  with	
  a	
  resolu1on	
  of	
  600	
  x	
  800	
  pixels,	
  but	
  it’s	
  not	
  as	
  elegant	
  
when	
  you	
  use	
  it	
  on	
  higher	
  fidelity	
  screens	
  or	
  at	
  larger	
  sizes.	
  Because	
  of	
  technological	
  improvements	
  in	
  screens,	
  there’s	
  a	
  lot	
  more	
  you	
  can	
  
do	
  with	
  typography	
  now.	
  
@boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

Also,	
  since	
  2009,	
  more	
  typefaces	
  has	
  become	
  available	
  for	
  use	
  due	
  to	
  beOer	
  browser	
  support	
  and	
  font	
  services	
  like	
  Typekit	
  and	
  Fontdeck.	
  
This	
  is	
  generally	
  a	
  good	
  thing,	
  because	
  it	
  allows	
  us	
  more	
  ways	
  to	
  express	
  informa1on	
  on	
  the	
  web.
@boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

There’s	
  this	
  growing	
  trend	
  of	
  using	
  web	
  fonts	
  to	
  create	
  sites	
  that	
  are	
  really	
  bold	
  and	
  drama1c.	
  This	
  is	
  the	
  New	
  Republic,	
  an	
  online-­‐only	
  
magazine	
  that	
  launched	
  recently	
  last	
  year.	
  This	
  aesthe1c	
  is	
  partly	
  necessary	
  because	
  the	
  fine	
  detail	
  of	
  many	
  typefaces	
  will	
  not	
  render	
  as	
  
well	
  at	
  small	
  sizes	
  due	
  to	
  pixels.
It’s	
  something	
  we	
  have	
  to	
  live	
  with	
  for	
  now,	
  but	
  it	
  means	
  that	
  we	
  have	
  to	
  make	
  trade-­‐offs	
  about	
  what	
  typefaces	
  to	
  use	
  for	
  crea1ng	
  an	
  
impression	
  versus	
  the	
  ones	
  we	
  use	
  for	
  body	
  text	
  and	
  so	
  on.
@boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

However,	
  some	
  sites	
  have	
  taken	
  a	
  step	
  back	
  to	
  ques1on	
  the	
  role	
  of	
  big	
  headlines	
  and	
  web	
  typography.	
  This	
  is	
  the	
  new	
  “A	
  List	
  Apart”	
  site,	
  
which	
  was	
  redesigned	
  a	
  few	
  months	
  ago.	
  The	
  bold	
  headline,	
  which	
  is	
  created	
  with	
  this	
  drama1c	
  typeface,	
  is	
  merely	
  a	
  way	
  to	
  introduce	
  
the	
  page.	
  The	
  focus	
  here	
  is	
  clearly	
  on	
  the	
  content	
  -­‐-­‐	
  which	
  has	
  also	
  been	
  given	
  typographic	
  considera1on.	
  And	
  this	
  is	
  what	
  it	
  looks	
  like	
  
when	
  you	
  scroll	
  all	
  the	
  way	
  up	
  to	
  the	
  top	
  -­‐	
  the	
  effect	
  is	
  inten1onal.	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  In	
  fact,	
  the	
  focus	
  on	
  content	
  is	
  so	
  much	
  that	
  all	
  of	
  the	
  content	
  that	
  
used	
  to	
  be	
  in	
  the	
  sidebar	
  has	
  been	
  pushed	
  down.
@boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

However,	
  some	
  sites	
  have	
  taken	
  a	
  step	
  back	
  to	
  ques1on	
  the	
  role	
  of	
  big	
  headlines	
  and	
  web	
  typography.	
  This	
  is	
  the	
  new	
  “A	
  List	
  Apart”	
  site,	
  
which	
  was	
  redesigned	
  a	
  few	
  months	
  ago.	
  The	
  bold	
  headline,	
  which	
  is	
  created	
  with	
  this	
  drama1c	
  typeface,	
  is	
  merely	
  a	
  way	
  to	
  introduce	
  
the	
  page.	
  The	
  focus	
  here	
  is	
  clearly	
  on	
  the	
  content	
  -­‐-­‐	
  which	
  has	
  also	
  been	
  given	
  typographic	
  considera1on.	
  And	
  this	
  is	
  what	
  it	
  looks	
  like	
  
when	
  you	
  scroll	
  all	
  the	
  way	
  up	
  to	
  the	
  top	
  -­‐	
  the	
  effect	
  is	
  inten1onal.	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  In	
  fact,	
  the	
  focus	
  on	
  content	
  is	
  so	
  much	
  that	
  all	
  of	
  the	
  content	
  that	
  
used	
  to	
  be	
  in	
  the	
  sidebar	
  has	
  been	
  pushed	
  down.
New Transport typeface
                Henrik Kubel & Margaret Calvert

                                                                                                                                                                                           @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

Some	
  typefaces	
  have	
  been	
  found	
  to	
  work	
  very	
  well	
  on	
  screens,	
  and	
  some	
  sites	
  are	
  star1ng	
  to	
  use	
  this	
  extensively	
  as	
  their	
  primary	
  
typeface.	
  This	
  is	
  gov.uk,	
  the	
  official	
  government	
  portal	
  for	
  the	
  United	
  Kingdom.	
  It	
  uses	
  the	
  New	
  Transport	
  typeface	
  across	
  all	
  of	
  their	
  
pages	
  -­‐-­‐	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  Remember	
  the	
  one	
  I	
  showed	
  you	
  earlier?	
  New	
  Transport	
  is	
  an	
  updated	
  version	
  of	
  this	
  typeface.	
  
And	
  because	
  Transport	
  had	
  tested	
  extensively	
  for	
  legibility	
  and	
  accessibility	
  at	
  high	
  speeds	
  and	
  low	
  light	
  situa1ons,	
  and	
  many	
  of	
  those	
  
benefits	
  are	
  s1ll	
  present	
  in	
  the	
  new	
  typeface.	
  It	
  works	
  really	
  well	
  as	
  a	
  standard	
  font	
  for	
  headlines,	
  interac1ve	
  copy,	
  small	
  text,	
  and	
  so	
  on.
New Transport typeface
                Henrik Kubel & Margaret Calvert

                                                                                                                                                                                           @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

Some	
  typefaces	
  have	
  been	
  found	
  to	
  work	
  very	
  well	
  on	
  screens,	
  and	
  some	
  sites	
  are	
  star1ng	
  to	
  use	
  this	
  extensively	
  as	
  their	
  primary	
  
typeface.	
  This	
  is	
  gov.uk,	
  the	
  official	
  government	
  portal	
  for	
  the	
  United	
  Kingdom.	
  It	
  uses	
  the	
  New	
  Transport	
  typeface	
  across	
  all	
  of	
  their	
  
pages	
  -­‐-­‐	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  Remember	
  the	
  one	
  I	
  showed	
  you	
  earlier?	
  New	
  Transport	
  is	
  an	
  updated	
  version	
  of	
  this	
  typeface.	
  
And	
  because	
  Transport	
  had	
  tested	
  extensively	
  for	
  legibility	
  and	
  accessibility	
  at	
  high	
  speeds	
  and	
  low	
  light	
  situa1ons,	
  and	
  many	
  of	
  those	
  
benefits	
  are	
  s1ll	
  present	
  in	
  the	
  new	
  typeface.	
  It	
  works	
  really	
  well	
  as	
  a	
  standard	
  font	
  for	
  headlines,	
  interac1ve	
  copy,	
  small	
  text,	
  and	
  so	
  on.
New Transport typeface
                Henrik Kubel & Margaret Calvert

                                                                                                                                                                                           @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

Some	
  typefaces	
  have	
  been	
  found	
  to	
  work	
  very	
  well	
  on	
  screens,	
  and	
  some	
  sites	
  are	
  star1ng	
  to	
  use	
  this	
  extensively	
  as	
  their	
  primary	
  
typeface.	
  This	
  is	
  gov.uk,	
  the	
  official	
  government	
  portal	
  for	
  the	
  United	
  Kingdom.	
  It	
  uses	
  the	
  New	
  Transport	
  typeface	
  across	
  all	
  of	
  their	
  
pages	
  -­‐-­‐	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  Remember	
  the	
  one	
  I	
  showed	
  you	
  earlier?	
  New	
  Transport	
  is	
  an	
  updated	
  version	
  of	
  this	
  typeface.	
  
And	
  because	
  Transport	
  had	
  tested	
  extensively	
  for	
  legibility	
  and	
  accessibility	
  at	
  high	
  speeds	
  and	
  low	
  light	
  situa1ons,	
  and	
  many	
  of	
  those	
  
benefits	
  are	
  s1ll	
  present	
  in	
  the	
  new	
  typeface.	
  It	
  works	
  really	
  well	
  as	
  a	
  standard	
  font	
  for	
  headlines,	
  interac1ve	
  copy,	
  small	
  text,	
  and	
  so	
  on.
Saturday, 6 April 13

Another	
  area	
  that’s	
  seen	
  provided	
  some	
  interes1ng	
  opportuni1es	
  for	
  typography	
  use	
  with	
  new	
  soGware	
  applica1ons,	
  some	
  of	
  which	
  
have	
  been	
  used	
  as	
  opportuni1es	
  to	
  break	
  away	
  from	
  legacy	
  applica1ons	
  that	
  have	
  been	
  around	
  for	
  decades.	
  One	
  example	
  is	
  Adobe	
  
Lightroom,	
  which	
  was	
  designed	
  from	
  the	
  ground	
  up	
  as	
  a	
  focused	
  applica1on	
  for	
  photographers.	
  

If	
  you	
  compare	
  Lightroom	
  to	
  its	
  symbolic	
  parent,	
  Adobe	
  Photoshop,	
  you	
  can	
  see	
  the	
  subtle	
  but	
  effec1ve	
  difference	
  typography	
  has	
  made	
  
to	
  denote	
  interface	
  structure,	
  modes,	
  hierarchy,	
  order,	
  state	
  and	
  so	
  on	
  -­‐	
  all	
  into	
  one	
  compact	
  space.
Saturday, 6 April 13

Another	
  area	
  that’s	
  seen	
  provided	
  some	
  interes1ng	
  opportuni1es	
  for	
  typography	
  use	
  with	
  new	
  soGware	
  applica1ons,	
  some	
  of	
  which	
  
have	
  been	
  used	
  as	
  opportuni1es	
  to	
  break	
  away	
  from	
  legacy	
  applica1ons	
  that	
  have	
  been	
  around	
  for	
  decades.	
  One	
  example	
  is	
  Adobe	
  
Lightroom,	
  which	
  was	
  designed	
  from	
  the	
  ground	
  up	
  as	
  a	
  focused	
  applica1on	
  for	
  photographers.	
  

If	
  you	
  compare	
  Lightroom	
  to	
  its	
  symbolic	
  parent,	
  Adobe	
  Photoshop,	
  you	
  can	
  see	
  the	
  subtle	
  but	
  effec1ve	
  difference	
  typography	
  has	
  made	
  
to	
  denote	
  interface	
  structure,	
  modes,	
  hierarchy,	
  order,	
  state	
  and	
  so	
  on	
  -­‐	
  all	
  into	
  one	
  compact	
  space.
Saturday, 6 April 13

In	
  a	
  similar	
  vein,	
  mobile	
  applica1ons	
  have	
  also	
  provided	
  similar	
  opportuni1es	
  for	
  designers	
  to	
  start	
  afresh.	
  Both	
  of	
  these	
  examples	
  here,	
  
the	
  iPad	
  app	
  and	
  the	
  mobile	
  site	
  of	
  the	
  Guardian,	
  one	
  of	
  UK’s	
  leading	
  news	
  publica1ons,	
  has	
  been	
  designed	
  to	
  support	
  mobile-­‐centric	
  
ac1vi1es	
  of	
  intermiOent	
  content	
  snacking	
  and	
  in1mate	
  reading.	
  The	
  execu1on	
  you	
  see	
  here	
  shows	
  how	
  strong	
  typography	
  can	
  both	
  
make	
  the	
  content	
  browsable	
  and	
  comfortably	
  readable	
  at	
  the	
  same	
  1me,	
  without	
  the	
  interface	
  ge[ng	
  in	
  the	
  way.
“ Treat text as UI”
                       Cameron Moll
                       Designer, author, and speaker




Saturday, 6 April 13

Cameron	
  Moll,	
  author	
  of	
  CSS	
  Mastery	
  and	
  Mobile	
  Web	
  Design,	
  has	
  been	
  credited	
  with	
  the	
  saying	
  “treat	
  text	
  as	
  UI”	
  

as	
  one	
  of	
  the	
  aOributes	
  of	
  great	
  designers.	
  We’re	
  so	
  used	
  to	
  crea1ng	
  our	
  wireframes	
  with	
  out	
  of	
  the	
  box	
  components,	
  that	
  we	
  almost	
  
never	
  explore	
  the	
  possibility	
  of	
  doing	
  more	
  with	
  text	
  other	
  than	
  labels	
  and	
  represen1ng	
  content.
2008                                                                                                                   2013




                                                                                                                                                                                                             @boonych

Saturday, 6 April 13

As	
  a	
  result	
  of	
  this	
  shiG	
  of	
  thinking,	
  a	
  lot	
  of	
  the	
  chrome	
  began	
  to	
  fade	
  away,	
  in	
  order	
  for	
  the	
  content	
  itself	
  to	
  do	
  the	
  work	
  of	
  the	
  interface	
  
and	
  interac1on.
2008




                        2013




Saturday, 6 April 13

Sites	
  like	
  kayak.com	
  have	
  improved	
  their	
  informa1on	
  architecture	
  over	
  1me	
  by	
  removing	
  a	
  lot	
  of	
  noise	
  and	
  allowing	
  the	
  typeface	
  and	
  
content	
  itself	
  to	
  do	
  the	
  heavy	
  liGing.	
  So	
  rather	
  than	
  thinking	
  about	
  interac1on	
  as	
  a	
  system	
  of	
  components,	
  widgets	
  and	
  panels	
  that	
  
contain	
  the	
  content,	
  the	
  content	
  itself	
  and	
  its	
  rela1onship	
  to	
  the	
  things	
  around	
  it	
  is	
  what	
  creates	
  the	
  interface.	
  Skip	
  all	
  of	
  the	
  technical	
  
scaffolding	
  to	
  meet	
  the	
  user’s	
  expecta1ons.
Typography is ia / IA summit 2013
Typography is ia / IA summit 2013

Contenu connexe

Plus de Boon Yew Chew

Systems Thinking - Web à Québec - May 2022
Systems Thinking - Web à Québec - May 2022Systems Thinking - Web à Québec - May 2022
Systems Thinking - Web à Québec - May 2022Boon Yew Chew
 
Visual thinking with Sketchnotes - CIID Summer School lightning talks
Visual thinking with Sketchnotes - CIID Summer School lightning talksVisual thinking with Sketchnotes - CIID Summer School lightning talks
Visual thinking with Sketchnotes - CIID Summer School lightning talksBoon Yew Chew
 
Boon's book club - IxDA Lausanne 2018
Boon's book club - IxDA Lausanne 2018Boon's book club - IxDA Lausanne 2018
Boon's book club - IxDA Lausanne 2018Boon Yew Chew
 
Chatbots, the design agenda
Chatbots, the design agendaChatbots, the design agenda
Chatbots, the design agendaBoon Yew Chew
 
Chatbot interaction design — IxDA London July 2017
Chatbot interaction design — IxDA London July 2017Chatbot interaction design — IxDA London July 2017
Chatbot interaction design — IxDA London July 2017Boon Yew Chew
 
Tailored workshops - getting real results through design @ NUXCamp 2016
Tailored workshops - getting real results through design @ NUXCamp 2016Tailored workshops - getting real results through design @ NUXCamp 2016
Tailored workshops - getting real results through design @ NUXCamp 2016Boon Yew Chew
 
Visual thinking workshop — Interaction South America 2015
Visual thinking workshop — Interaction South America 2015Visual thinking workshop — Interaction South America 2015
Visual thinking workshop — Interaction South America 2015Boon Yew Chew
 
Sketchnotes workshop Oct 2014
Sketchnotes workshop Oct 2014Sketchnotes workshop Oct 2014
Sketchnotes workshop Oct 2014Boon Yew Chew
 
Redux: Interaction 2012 Keynotes
Redux: Interaction 2012 KeynotesRedux: Interaction 2012 Keynotes
Redux: Interaction 2012 KeynotesBoon Yew Chew
 
Customer validation with Diary Studies
Customer validation with Diary StudiesCustomer validation with Diary Studies
Customer validation with Diary StudiesBoon Yew Chew
 
Uxplosion! Inspirations from the thriving London UX events scene
Uxplosion! Inspirations from the thriving London UX events sceneUxplosion! Inspirations from the thriving London UX events scene
Uxplosion! Inspirations from the thriving London UX events sceneBoon Yew Chew
 
Diary studies - A primer
Diary studies - A primerDiary studies - A primer
Diary studies - A primerBoon Yew Chew
 
How a developer became a ux designer
How a developer became a ux designerHow a developer became a ux designer
How a developer became a ux designerBoon Yew Chew
 
Understanding the Everyday Use of Images on the Web
Understanding the Everyday Use of Images on the WebUnderstanding the Everyday Use of Images on the Web
Understanding the Everyday Use of Images on the WebBoon Yew Chew
 
The Goodness Of Diary Studies
The Goodness Of Diary StudiesThe Goodness Of Diary Studies
The Goodness Of Diary StudiesBoon Yew Chew
 

Plus de Boon Yew Chew (15)

Systems Thinking - Web à Québec - May 2022
Systems Thinking - Web à Québec - May 2022Systems Thinking - Web à Québec - May 2022
Systems Thinking - Web à Québec - May 2022
 
Visual thinking with Sketchnotes - CIID Summer School lightning talks
Visual thinking with Sketchnotes - CIID Summer School lightning talksVisual thinking with Sketchnotes - CIID Summer School lightning talks
Visual thinking with Sketchnotes - CIID Summer School lightning talks
 
Boon's book club - IxDA Lausanne 2018
Boon's book club - IxDA Lausanne 2018Boon's book club - IxDA Lausanne 2018
Boon's book club - IxDA Lausanne 2018
 
Chatbots, the design agenda
Chatbots, the design agendaChatbots, the design agenda
Chatbots, the design agenda
 
Chatbot interaction design — IxDA London July 2017
Chatbot interaction design — IxDA London July 2017Chatbot interaction design — IxDA London July 2017
Chatbot interaction design — IxDA London July 2017
 
Tailored workshops - getting real results through design @ NUXCamp 2016
Tailored workshops - getting real results through design @ NUXCamp 2016Tailored workshops - getting real results through design @ NUXCamp 2016
Tailored workshops - getting real results through design @ NUXCamp 2016
 
Visual thinking workshop — Interaction South America 2015
Visual thinking workshop — Interaction South America 2015Visual thinking workshop — Interaction South America 2015
Visual thinking workshop — Interaction South America 2015
 
Sketchnotes workshop Oct 2014
Sketchnotes workshop Oct 2014Sketchnotes workshop Oct 2014
Sketchnotes workshop Oct 2014
 
Redux: Interaction 2012 Keynotes
Redux: Interaction 2012 KeynotesRedux: Interaction 2012 Keynotes
Redux: Interaction 2012 Keynotes
 
Customer validation with Diary Studies
Customer validation with Diary StudiesCustomer validation with Diary Studies
Customer validation with Diary Studies
 
Uxplosion! Inspirations from the thriving London UX events scene
Uxplosion! Inspirations from the thriving London UX events sceneUxplosion! Inspirations from the thriving London UX events scene
Uxplosion! Inspirations from the thriving London UX events scene
 
Diary studies - A primer
Diary studies - A primerDiary studies - A primer
Diary studies - A primer
 
How a developer became a ux designer
How a developer became a ux designerHow a developer became a ux designer
How a developer became a ux designer
 
Understanding the Everyday Use of Images on the Web
Understanding the Everyday Use of Images on the WebUnderstanding the Everyday Use of Images on the Web
Understanding the Everyday Use of Images on the Web
 
The Goodness Of Diary Studies
The Goodness Of Diary StudiesThe Goodness Of Diary Studies
The Goodness Of Diary Studies
 

Dernier

Top 10 Modern Web Design Trends for 2025
Top 10 Modern Web Design Trends for 2025Top 10 Modern Web Design Trends for 2025
Top 10 Modern Web Design Trends for 2025Rndexperts
 
在线办理ohio毕业证俄亥俄大学毕业证成绩单留信学历认证
在线办理ohio毕业证俄亥俄大学毕业证成绩单留信学历认证在线办理ohio毕业证俄亥俄大学毕业证成绩单留信学历认证
在线办理ohio毕业证俄亥俄大学毕业证成绩单留信学历认证nhjeo1gg
 
原版美国亚利桑那州立大学毕业证成绩单pdf电子版制作修改#毕业文凭制作#回国入职#diploma#degree
原版美国亚利桑那州立大学毕业证成绩单pdf电子版制作修改#毕业文凭制作#回国入职#diploma#degree原版美国亚利桑那州立大学毕业证成绩单pdf电子版制作修改#毕业文凭制作#回国入职#diploma#degree
原版美国亚利桑那州立大学毕业证成绩单pdf电子版制作修改#毕业文凭制作#回国入职#diploma#degreeyuu sss
 
'CASE STUDY OF INDIRA PARYAVARAN BHAVAN DELHI ,
'CASE STUDY OF INDIRA PARYAVARAN BHAVAN DELHI ,'CASE STUDY OF INDIRA PARYAVARAN BHAVAN DELHI ,
'CASE STUDY OF INDIRA PARYAVARAN BHAVAN DELHI ,Aginakm1
 
MT. Marseille an Archipelago. Strategies for Integrating Residential Communit...
MT. Marseille an Archipelago. Strategies for Integrating Residential Communit...MT. Marseille an Archipelago. Strategies for Integrating Residential Communit...
MT. Marseille an Archipelago. Strategies for Integrating Residential Communit...katerynaivanenko1
 
Call Girls Aslali 7397865700 Ridhima Hire Me Full Night
Call Girls Aslali 7397865700 Ridhima Hire Me Full NightCall Girls Aslali 7397865700 Ridhima Hire Me Full Night
Call Girls Aslali 7397865700 Ridhima Hire Me Full Nightssuser7cb4ff
 
专业一比一美国亚利桑那大学毕业证成绩单pdf电子版制作修改#真实工艺展示#真实防伪#diploma#degree
专业一比一美国亚利桑那大学毕业证成绩单pdf电子版制作修改#真实工艺展示#真实防伪#diploma#degree专业一比一美国亚利桑那大学毕业证成绩单pdf电子版制作修改#真实工艺展示#真实防伪#diploma#degree
专业一比一美国亚利桑那大学毕业证成绩单pdf电子版制作修改#真实工艺展示#真实防伪#diploma#degreeyuu sss
 
Mookuthi is an artisanal nose ornament brand based in Madras.
Mookuthi is an artisanal nose ornament brand based in Madras.Mookuthi is an artisanal nose ornament brand based in Madras.
Mookuthi is an artisanal nose ornament brand based in Madras.Mookuthi
 
Call Us ✡️97111⇛47426⇛Call In girls Vasant Vihar༒(Delhi)
Call Us ✡️97111⇛47426⇛Call In girls Vasant Vihar༒(Delhi)Call Us ✡️97111⇛47426⇛Call In girls Vasant Vihar༒(Delhi)
Call Us ✡️97111⇛47426⇛Call In girls Vasant Vihar༒(Delhi)jennyeacort
 
8377877756 Full Enjoy @24/7 Call Girls in Nirman Vihar Delhi NCR
8377877756 Full Enjoy @24/7 Call Girls in Nirman Vihar Delhi NCR8377877756 Full Enjoy @24/7 Call Girls in Nirman Vihar Delhi NCR
8377877756 Full Enjoy @24/7 Call Girls in Nirman Vihar Delhi NCRdollysharma2066
 
Dubai Calls Girl Tapes O525547819 Real Tapes Escort Services Dubai
Dubai Calls Girl Tapes O525547819 Real Tapes Escort Services DubaiDubai Calls Girl Tapes O525547819 Real Tapes Escort Services Dubai
Dubai Calls Girl Tapes O525547819 Real Tapes Escort Services Dubaikojalkojal131
 
Abu Dhabi Call Girls O58993O4O2 Call Girls in Abu Dhabi`
Abu Dhabi Call Girls O58993O4O2 Call Girls in Abu Dhabi`Abu Dhabi Call Girls O58993O4O2 Call Girls in Abu Dhabi`
Abu Dhabi Call Girls O58993O4O2 Call Girls in Abu Dhabi`dajasot375
 
Cosumer Willingness to Pay for Sustainable Bricks
Cosumer Willingness to Pay for Sustainable BricksCosumer Willingness to Pay for Sustainable Bricks
Cosumer Willingness to Pay for Sustainable Bricksabhishekparmar618
 
原版1:1定制堪培拉大学毕业证(UC毕业证)#文凭成绩单#真实留信学历认证永久存档
原版1:1定制堪培拉大学毕业证(UC毕业证)#文凭成绩单#真实留信学历认证永久存档原版1:1定制堪培拉大学毕业证(UC毕业证)#文凭成绩单#真实留信学历认证永久存档
原版1:1定制堪培拉大学毕业证(UC毕业证)#文凭成绩单#真实留信学历认证永久存档208367051
 
Call Girls Meghani Nagar 7397865700 Independent Call Girls
Call Girls Meghani Nagar 7397865700  Independent Call GirlsCall Girls Meghani Nagar 7397865700  Independent Call Girls
Call Girls Meghani Nagar 7397865700 Independent Call Girlsssuser7cb4ff
 
办理(UC毕业证书)查尔斯顿大学毕业证成绩单原版一比一
办理(UC毕业证书)查尔斯顿大学毕业证成绩单原版一比一办理(UC毕业证书)查尔斯顿大学毕业证成绩单原版一比一
办理(UC毕业证书)查尔斯顿大学毕业证成绩单原版一比一z xss
 
Pharmaceutical Packaging for the elderly.pdf
Pharmaceutical Packaging for the elderly.pdfPharmaceutical Packaging for the elderly.pdf
Pharmaceutical Packaging for the elderly.pdfAayushChavan5
 
How to Be Famous in your Field just visit our Site
How to Be Famous in your Field just visit our SiteHow to Be Famous in your Field just visit our Site
How to Be Famous in your Field just visit our Sitegalleryaagency
 
Design Portfolio - 2024 - William Vickery
Design Portfolio - 2024 - William VickeryDesign Portfolio - 2024 - William Vickery
Design Portfolio - 2024 - William VickeryWilliamVickery6
 

Dernier (20)

Top 10 Modern Web Design Trends for 2025
Top 10 Modern Web Design Trends for 2025Top 10 Modern Web Design Trends for 2025
Top 10 Modern Web Design Trends for 2025
 
在线办理ohio毕业证俄亥俄大学毕业证成绩单留信学历认证
在线办理ohio毕业证俄亥俄大学毕业证成绩单留信学历认证在线办理ohio毕业证俄亥俄大学毕业证成绩单留信学历认证
在线办理ohio毕业证俄亥俄大学毕业证成绩单留信学历认证
 
原版美国亚利桑那州立大学毕业证成绩单pdf电子版制作修改#毕业文凭制作#回国入职#diploma#degree
原版美国亚利桑那州立大学毕业证成绩单pdf电子版制作修改#毕业文凭制作#回国入职#diploma#degree原版美国亚利桑那州立大学毕业证成绩单pdf电子版制作修改#毕业文凭制作#回国入职#diploma#degree
原版美国亚利桑那州立大学毕业证成绩单pdf电子版制作修改#毕业文凭制作#回国入职#diploma#degree
 
'CASE STUDY OF INDIRA PARYAVARAN BHAVAN DELHI ,
'CASE STUDY OF INDIRA PARYAVARAN BHAVAN DELHI ,'CASE STUDY OF INDIRA PARYAVARAN BHAVAN DELHI ,
'CASE STUDY OF INDIRA PARYAVARAN BHAVAN DELHI ,
 
MT. Marseille an Archipelago. Strategies for Integrating Residential Communit...
MT. Marseille an Archipelago. Strategies for Integrating Residential Communit...MT. Marseille an Archipelago. Strategies for Integrating Residential Communit...
MT. Marseille an Archipelago. Strategies for Integrating Residential Communit...
 
Call Girls Aslali 7397865700 Ridhima Hire Me Full Night
Call Girls Aslali 7397865700 Ridhima Hire Me Full NightCall Girls Aslali 7397865700 Ridhima Hire Me Full Night
Call Girls Aslali 7397865700 Ridhima Hire Me Full Night
 
专业一比一美国亚利桑那大学毕业证成绩单pdf电子版制作修改#真实工艺展示#真实防伪#diploma#degree
专业一比一美国亚利桑那大学毕业证成绩单pdf电子版制作修改#真实工艺展示#真实防伪#diploma#degree专业一比一美国亚利桑那大学毕业证成绩单pdf电子版制作修改#真实工艺展示#真实防伪#diploma#degree
专业一比一美国亚利桑那大学毕业证成绩单pdf电子版制作修改#真实工艺展示#真实防伪#diploma#degree
 
Mookuthi is an artisanal nose ornament brand based in Madras.
Mookuthi is an artisanal nose ornament brand based in Madras.Mookuthi is an artisanal nose ornament brand based in Madras.
Mookuthi is an artisanal nose ornament brand based in Madras.
 
Call Us ✡️97111⇛47426⇛Call In girls Vasant Vihar༒(Delhi)
Call Us ✡️97111⇛47426⇛Call In girls Vasant Vihar༒(Delhi)Call Us ✡️97111⇛47426⇛Call In girls Vasant Vihar༒(Delhi)
Call Us ✡️97111⇛47426⇛Call In girls Vasant Vihar༒(Delhi)
 
8377877756 Full Enjoy @24/7 Call Girls in Nirman Vihar Delhi NCR
8377877756 Full Enjoy @24/7 Call Girls in Nirman Vihar Delhi NCR8377877756 Full Enjoy @24/7 Call Girls in Nirman Vihar Delhi NCR
8377877756 Full Enjoy @24/7 Call Girls in Nirman Vihar Delhi NCR
 
Dubai Calls Girl Tapes O525547819 Real Tapes Escort Services Dubai
Dubai Calls Girl Tapes O525547819 Real Tapes Escort Services DubaiDubai Calls Girl Tapes O525547819 Real Tapes Escort Services Dubai
Dubai Calls Girl Tapes O525547819 Real Tapes Escort Services Dubai
 
Abu Dhabi Call Girls O58993O4O2 Call Girls in Abu Dhabi`
Abu Dhabi Call Girls O58993O4O2 Call Girls in Abu Dhabi`Abu Dhabi Call Girls O58993O4O2 Call Girls in Abu Dhabi`
Abu Dhabi Call Girls O58993O4O2 Call Girls in Abu Dhabi`
 
Cosumer Willingness to Pay for Sustainable Bricks
Cosumer Willingness to Pay for Sustainable BricksCosumer Willingness to Pay for Sustainable Bricks
Cosumer Willingness to Pay for Sustainable Bricks
 
原版1:1定制堪培拉大学毕业证(UC毕业证)#文凭成绩单#真实留信学历认证永久存档
原版1:1定制堪培拉大学毕业证(UC毕业证)#文凭成绩单#真实留信学历认证永久存档原版1:1定制堪培拉大学毕业证(UC毕业证)#文凭成绩单#真实留信学历认证永久存档
原版1:1定制堪培拉大学毕业证(UC毕业证)#文凭成绩单#真实留信学历认证永久存档
 
Call Girls Meghani Nagar 7397865700 Independent Call Girls
Call Girls Meghani Nagar 7397865700  Independent Call GirlsCall Girls Meghani Nagar 7397865700  Independent Call Girls
Call Girls Meghani Nagar 7397865700 Independent Call Girls
 
Call Girls in Pratap Nagar, 9953056974 Escort Service
Call Girls in Pratap Nagar,  9953056974 Escort ServiceCall Girls in Pratap Nagar,  9953056974 Escort Service
Call Girls in Pratap Nagar, 9953056974 Escort Service
 
办理(UC毕业证书)查尔斯顿大学毕业证成绩单原版一比一
办理(UC毕业证书)查尔斯顿大学毕业证成绩单原版一比一办理(UC毕业证书)查尔斯顿大学毕业证成绩单原版一比一
办理(UC毕业证书)查尔斯顿大学毕业证成绩单原版一比一
 
Pharmaceutical Packaging for the elderly.pdf
Pharmaceutical Packaging for the elderly.pdfPharmaceutical Packaging for the elderly.pdf
Pharmaceutical Packaging for the elderly.pdf
 
How to Be Famous in your Field just visit our Site
How to Be Famous in your Field just visit our SiteHow to Be Famous in your Field just visit our Site
How to Be Famous in your Field just visit our Site
 
Design Portfolio - 2024 - William Vickery
Design Portfolio - 2024 - William VickeryDesign Portfolio - 2024 - William Vickery
Design Portfolio - 2024 - William Vickery
 

Typography is ia / IA summit 2013

  • 1. Boon Yew Chew IA Summit 2013 Typography is information architecture How a little understanding goes a long way @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13
  • 2. Hi, I’m Boon. @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 My  name  is  Boon.  I’m  an  informa1on  architect  /  interac1on  designer  at  SapientNitro  in  London.  Some  of  you  may  have  recognized  me   from  my  sketchnotes,  and  this  is  a  sample  of  a  piece  of  work  I  did  for  a  book  called  the  sketchnote  handbook,  which  we’re  giving  away  at   this  conference  to  people  who  will  be  uploading  their  photos  to  the  IA  Summit  sketchnotes  Flickr  group.  If  you  want  to  know  more  about   that,  come  find  me  aGer  the  talk.
  • 3. #TypographyIsIA Saturday, 6 April 13 But  today’s  talk  is  on  typography,  not  sketchnotes. Oh  and  if  you  want  to  tweet  about  stuff  -­‐  the  hashtag  is  #typographyisia.
  • 4. Why typography? http://www.flickr.com/photos/atomicshed/5600284969 @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 So,  The  reason  I  wanted  to  share  this  is  because  I’m  really  fascinated  by  the  topic,  and  it’s  something  we  don’t  really  discuss  in  IA  circles. And  the  more  I  researched  about  it  and  spent  1me  at  typography  events,  the  more  I  realised  this  was  really  relevant  to  our  work.   I  started  thinking  of  typography  as  informa1on  architecture,  and  I  have  a  few  reasons  why.
  • 5. Information building blocks http://www.flickr.com/photos/44124367235@N01/3698270/ @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 Firstly,  typefaces  provide  the  building  blocks  for  making  informa1on  visible.  Without  it,  it  would  be  really  hard  to  have  things  like  road   signs,  websites,  books,  posters  so  widely  available.  We  depend  on  it  to  do  a  lot  of  things  for  us.
  • 6. An older form of IA http://www.flickr.com/photos/calsidyrose/7043554105 @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 Secondly,  typography  has  been  around  for  hundreds  of  years,  and  before  the  age  of  the  computer,  many  people  who  prac1ced   typography  were  focused  on  things  like  communica1ng  informa1on,  dealing  with  complexity,  and  facilita1ng  understanding.  In  many   ways  it  s1ll  does  today.  That’s  also  what  we  aim  to  achieve  as  informa1on  architects.
  • 7. Communication http://www.flickr.com/photos/30555049@N07/8088011895 @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 Finally,  typography  deals  with  the  way  people  communicate  with  one  another.  And  although  we  can  all  understand  content  regardless  of   what  font  is  being  used,  we  also  want  to  be  able  to  communicate  ourselves  appropriately  as  people  do  and  typography  allows  us  to  do   that.
  • 8. Saturday, 6 April 13 ey @boonych My  goal  for  this  talk  is  to  explain  how  beOer  understanding  of  typography  helps  our  work  in  informa1on  architecture.   But  I  don’t  want  to  focus  on  the  actual  doing  of  typography,  because  I  think  there’s  a  lot  of  stuff  out  there  that  just  focuses  on  the  how-­‐ tos  but  doesn’t  explain  the  WHY.  And  I  think  the  why  is  important.
  • 9. Systems Perception ey Patterns Relationships @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 So,  I’m  going  to  frame  typography  in  four  different  ways  -­‐  systems,  percep1on,  paOerns  and  rela1onships  -­‐-­‐  which  will  help  you   understand  typography  a  bit  beOer  as  a  craG.  
  • 10. 1439 @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 So  in  1439,  Johannes  Gutenberg  revolu1onised  the  publishing  industry  by  inven1ng  a  system  that  could  mass-­‐produce  printed  material   prac1cally  and  economically.
  • 11. Saturday, 6 April 13 The  system  he  devised  involved  two  parts:  the  first  part  was  a  manufacturing  process,  which  was  a  unique  way  to  producing  individual   pieces  of  leOers,  called  type.  
  • 12. http://www.flickr.com/photos/wilhei/109404349/ @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 and  the  second  part  was  a  methodology  -­‐-­‐  the  specific  way  you  went  about  assembling  type  together  to  form  words,  sentences,   paragraphs  and  so  on. Today’s  system  isn’t  any  different  -­‐  all  these  individual  pieces  just  happen  to  be  in  digital  form  instead  of  metal  type.
  • 13. Saturday, 6 April 13 The  professionals  who  specialised  in  type  se[ng  at  the  1me  were  called  compositors.  In  a  sense,  this  is  what  we  do  as  IAs  -­‐  like   compositors,  we  use  our  understanding  of  systems  as  well  as  the  human  condi1on  to  organise  informa1on  in  an  appropriate  way.   By  the  way  I’ll  be  using  the  word  “typefaces”  a  lot  -­‐  that’s  just  another  word  for  “font”  but  is  more  technically  correct  because  “typeface”   refers  to  the  way  the  thing  “looks”.
  • 14. @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 Typography  involves  many  people  with  different  skills.  Compositors  had  to  understand  the  work  done  by  other  people  such  as  type   designers,  type  manufacturers,  printers,  and  paper  manufacturers  so  that  the  printed  material  came  out  just  right.  Today,  it’s  actually   not  that  different  -­‐  type  designers,  visual  designers,  developers,  informa1on  architects  -­‐  everyone  influences  how  typography  is  applied   and  affects  the  user  experience.  It’s  not  the  job  of  one  person.
  • 15. Typography is the result of many systems combined. @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 This  is  what  I  mean  by  thinking  of  typography  in  terms  of  systems.  It’s  this  way  of  ge[ng  away  from  just  the  visual  representa1on  of  the   typeface.
  • 16. @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 And  today,  this  is  even  more  important,  because  there  are  more  mediums  and  channels  in  which  type  is  used  to  communicate   informa1on.  It’s  important  is  because  you  want  the  typeface  to  look  the  way  it’s  intended  to  look,  and  if  it’s  not  doing  that,  then  that’s  a   problem  and  you  need  to  know  where  to  go  to  fix  it.
  • 17. Perception Ralf Herrmann, opentype.info (image used with permission) @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 A  lot  of  this  obsession  in  typography  has  to  do  with  percep1on  -­‐  if  the  user  has  perceived  an  L  to  look  like  the  leOer  I,  then  the   design  has  failed.  And  similarly,  if  the  reader  perceives  a  word  or  sentence  to  mean  the  wrong  thing,  the  design  has  failed.  These   are  basic  problems  typography  aims  to  avoid.
  • 18. http://circusredickuless.com/king-james-bible-comic-sans-edition.html @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 But  percep1on  goes  beyond  what  we  see  and  read.  Percep1on  is  also  about  how  we  feel,  and  that  some1mes  influences   what  we  understand  when  we  read.  And  so  typography  becomes  a  tool  to  design  for  what  readers  will  perceive.  And  yes   there  actually  an  en1re  bible  set  in  comic  sans,  it  was  apparently  created  for  people  who  have  trouble  understanding  the   Bible.
  • 19. http://www.flickr.com/photos/nicksherman/8257578912/ Saturday, 6 April 13 Human  percep1on  is  complex  because  there  are  so  many  factors  influencing  it.  Some1mes  a  designer  will  place  more   emphasis  on  the  ability  to  create  harmonious  word  shapes  to  support  reading.  
  • 20. http://www.flickr.com/photos/11926838@N03/4732769347/ Saturday, 6 April 13 Some1mes  the  emphasis  is  on  legibility,  which  is  appropriate  for  condi1ons  such  as  highway  signs  where  word  recogni1on   is  crucial.  
  • 21. Transport typeface Jock Kinnear & Margaret Calvert Ralf Herrmann, opentype.info (image used with permission) Saturday, 6 April 13 By  the  way,  the  typeface  you  see  here  is  the  Transport  typeface,  which  is  the  official  typeface  used  across  all  highway  signs   across  the  UK.  This  is  a  list  of  typefaces  used  by  different  countries,  and  Transport  is  the  3rd  one  on  the  list. I’ll  be  talking  about  this  a  bit  later  so  keep  that  in  mind. 1.  USA  2.  USA  3.  UK  4.  Sweden  5.  Spain  /  Italy  6.  Norway  7.  Germany  8.  Netherlands
  • 22. Saturday, 6 April 13 Some1mes  the  differences  are  so  subtle,  it’s  hard  to  know  if  they’ll  make  any  difference  to  the  user  experience,  so  it’s   worth  understanding  why  certain  typefaces  have  been  designed  a  certain  way.  Thankfully,  there  are  quite  a  lot  of  resources   out  there  and  healthy  discussion  around  so  you  should  definitely  take  advantage  of  that.
  • 23. Pattern matching http://www.flickr.com/photos/29461743@N00/5327827657/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/31252318@N08/5152625601 @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 So  the  idea  of  percep1on  is  really  about  designing  for  basic  needs,  and  once  we’ve  got  that  covered,  we  want  to  make  it  effec1ve  and   efficient  for  users  to  find  and  understand  informa1on,  which  usually  involves  reading  or  scanning.  You  can  also  think  of  reading  and   scanning  as  a  paOern  matching  ac1vity,  but  you  can  never  be  quite  sure  what  exactly  the  reader  is  expec1ng  to  see  -­‐  it  could  be  a  word,  a   list  of  numbers,  the  crossbar  of  the  leOer  t  -­‐  no  one  really  knows.  But  the  point  is  this  -­‐-­‐  it’s  good  to  think  of  typography  as  a  way  of   helping  users  iden1fy  and  recognize  paOerns.
  • 24. Saccades @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 This  is  a  paOern  of  how  reading  takes  place  across  a  long  form  ar1cle.  It  involves  a  series  of  brief  movements  known  as  saccades,  and  it   happens  very  very  quickly  -­‐  at  about  1/5ths  of  a  second.  The  eye  doesn’t  actually  see  everything  in  focus  -­‐-­‐  as  it  moves,  the  focal  point   jumps  from  part  of  a  word  to  part  of  another  word,  piecing  together  those  parts  like  a  jigsaw  puzzle  to  visualise  the  full  words  and   sentences.
  • 25. 1. words and sentences 2. content types 3. information organisation @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 When  interfaces  get  more  complex,  it  becomes  harder  to  scan  informa1on  -­‐-­‐  because  the  eye  now  needs  to  iden1fy  at  least  three  types   of  paOerns  -­‐-­‐  words  and  sentences  -­‐-­‐  different  content  types  -­‐-­‐  and  how  informa1on  is  organized  on  a  page.  Ideally,  you  want  this  to  be   as  natural  and  implicit  as  possible,  so  the  goal  of  typography  is  to  make  those  different  paOerns  easier  to  iden1fy  without  having  to  use   explicit  means  of  instruc1on.
  • 26. hey Chapter 4 When he was nearly thirteen, my brother Jem got his arm badly broken at the elbow. When it healed, and Jem's fears of never being able to play football were assuaged, he was seldom self-conscious about his injury. His left arm was somewhat shorter than his right; when he stood or People moved slowly then. They ambled walked, the back of his hand was at right angles to his body, his thumb parallel to his thigh. He couldn't have cared less, so long as he could pass and punt. across the square, shuffled in and out of the When enough years had gone by to enable us to look back on them, we sometimes discussed the events leading to his accident. I maintain that the Ewells started it all, but Jem, who was four years my senior, said it started long before that. He said it began the summer Dill came to us, stores around it, took their time about when Dill first gave us the idea of making Boo Radley come out. I said if be wanted to take a broad view of the thing, it really began with Andrew Jackson. If General Jackson hadn't run the Creeks up the creek, Simon Finch would never have paddled up the Alabama, and where would everything. A day was twenty-four hours we be if he hadn't? We were far too old to settle an argument with a fist- fight, so we consulted Atticus. Our father said we were both right. Being Southerners, it was a source of shame to some members of the long but seemed longer. There was no hurry, family that we had no recorded ancestors on either side of the Battle of Hastings. All we had was Simon Finch, a fur-trapping apothecary from Cornwall whose piety was exceeded only by his stinginess. In England, Simon was irritated by the persecution of those who called themselves for there was nowhere to go, nothing to buy Methodists at the hands of their more liberal brethren, and as Simon called himself a Methodist, he worked his way across the Atlantic to Philadelphia, thence to Jamaica, thence to Mobile, and up the Saint and no money to buy it with, nothing to see Stephens. Mindful of John Wesley's strictures on the use of many words in buying and selling, Simon made a pile practicing medicine, but in this pursuit he was unhappy lest he be tempted into doing what he knew was not for the glory of God, as the putting on of gold and costly apparel. So outside the boundaries of Maycomb County. Simon, having forgotten his teacher's dictum on the possession of human chattels, bought three slaves and with their aid established a homestead on the banks of the Alabama River some forty miles above Saint Stephens. He returned to Saint Stephens only once, to find a wife, and But it was a time of vague optimism for with her established a line that ran high to daughters. Simon lived to an impressive age and died rich. It was customary for the men in the family to remain on Simon's some of the people: Maycomb County had homestead, Finch's Landing, and make their living from cotton. The place was self-sufficient: modest in comparison with the empires around it, the Landing nevertheless produced everything required to sustain life except ice, wheat flour, and articles of clothing, supplied by river-boats from recently been told that it had nothing to fear Mobile. Simon would have regarded with impotent fury the disturbance between the North and the South, as it left his descendants stripped of everything but fear itself. but their land, yet the tradition of living on the land remained unbroken until well into the twentieth century, when my father, Atticus Finch, went to Montgomery to read law, 8 9 and his younger brother went to Boston to study medicine. Their sister Alexandra was the Finch who remained at the Landing: she married a taciturn man who spent most of his time lying in a hammock by the river wondering if his trot-lines were full. When my father was admitted to the bar, he returned to Maycomb and began his practice. Mayeomb, some twenty miles east of Finch's We lived on the main residential street in Landing, was the county seat of Maycomb County. Atticus's office in the courthouse contained little more than a hat rack, a spittoon, a checkerboard and an unsullied Code of Alabama. His first two clients town—Atticus, Jem and I, plus Calpurnia our were the last two persons hanged in the Maycomb County jail. Atticus had urged them to accept the state's generosity in allowing them to plead Guilty to second-degree murder and escape with their lives, but they were Haverfords, in Maycomb County a name synonymous with jackass. The cook. Jem and I found our father Haverfords had dispatched Maycomb's leading blacksmith in a misunderstanding arising from the alleged wrongful detention of a mare, were imprudent enough to do it in the presence of three witnesses, and satisfactory: he played with us, read to us, insisted that the-son-of-a-bitch-had-itcoming-to-him was a good enough defense for anybody. They persisted in pleading Not Guilty to first-degree murder, so there was nothing much Atticus could do for his clients except be present at their departure, an occasion that was probably the and treated us with courteous detachment. beginning of my father's profound distaste for the practice of criminal law. During his first five years in Maycomb, Atticus practiced economy more than anything; for several years thereafter he invested his earnings in his brother's education. John Hale Finch was ten years younger than my father, and chose to study medicine at a time when cotton was not worth They ambled growing; but after getting Uncle Jack started, Atticus derived areasonable income from the law. He liked Maycomb, he was Maycomb County born Calpurnia was something else again. She and bred; he knew his people, they knew him, and because of Simon Finch's industry, Atticus was related by blood or marriage to nearly every family in the town. Maycomb was an old town, but it was a tired old town when I first was all angles and bones; she was knew it. In rainy weather the streets turned to red slop; grass grew on the sidewalks, the courthouse sagged in the square. Somehow, it was hotter then: a black dog suffered on a summer's day; bony mules hitched to nearsighted; she squinted; her hand was Hoover carts flicked flies in the sweltering shade of the live oaks on the square. Men's stiff collars wilted by nine in the morning. Ladies bathed across the before noon, after their three-o'clock naps, and by nightfall were like soft teacakes with frostings of sweat and sweet talcum. wide as a bed slat and twice as hard. She People moved slowly then. They ambled across the square, shuffled in and out of the stores around it, took their time about everything. A day was twenty-four hours long but seemed longer. There was no hurry, for there was nowhere to go, nothing to buy and no money to buy it with, was always ordering me out of the kitchen, nothing to see outside the boundaries of Maycomb County. But it was a time of vague optimism for some of the people: Maycomb County had recently been told that it had nothing to fear but fear itself. asking me why I couldn’t behave as well as We lived on the main residential street in town-Atticus, Jem and I, plus Ca1purnia our cook. Jem and I found our father satisfactory: he played with us, read to us, and treated us with courteous detachment. square Calpurnia was something else again. She was all angles and bones; Jem when she knew he was older, and she was nearsighted; she squinted; her hand was wide as a bed slat and twice as hard. She was always ordering me out of the kitchen, asking me why I couldn't behave as well as Jem when she knew he was older, and calling me home when I wasn’t ready to calling me home when I wasn't ready to come. Our battles were epic and one-sided. Calpurnia always won, mainly because Atticus always took her side. She had been with us ever since Jem was born, and I had felt her tyrannical presence as long as I could remember. come. Our battles were epic and one-sided. Calpurnia always won, mainly because Atticus always took her side. @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 The  way  typography  aids  the  paOern  matching  process  is  by  establishing  healthy  rela1onships  between  all  these  elements  in  ques1on.   A  good  rule  of  thumb  is  to  look  at  the  nega1ve  space,  that  is  the  spaces  that  appear  around  shapes  and  elements,  and  make  sure  that  there’s  balance  in   everything  -­‐-­‐  so  things  like  leOers  don’t  get  squished  together,  words  can  be  easily  read,  and  that  the  content  looks  organized  as  a  whole.  
  • 27. hey Chapter 4 When he was nearly thirteen, my brother Jem got his arm badly broken at the elbow. When it healed, and Jem's fears of never being able to play football were assuaged, he was seldom self-conscious about his injury. His left arm was somewhat shorter than his right; when he stood or People moved slowly then. They ambled walked, the back of his hand was at right angles to his body, his thumb parallel to his thigh. He couldn't have cared less, so long as he could pass and punt. across the square, shuffled in and out of the When enough years had gone by to enable us to look back on them, we sometimes discussed the events leading to his accident. I maintain that the Ewells started it all, but Jem, who was four years my senior, said it started long before that. He said it began the summer Dill came to us, stores around it, took their time about when Dill first gave us the idea of making Boo Radley come out. I said if be wanted to take a broad view of the thing, it really began with Andrew Jackson. If General Jackson hadn't run the Creeks up the creek, Simon Finch would never have paddled up the Alabama, and where would everything. A day was twenty-four hours we be if he hadn't? We were far too old to settle an argument with a fist- fight, so we consulted Atticus. Our father said we were both right. Being Southerners, it was a source of shame to some members of the long but seemed longer. There was no hurry, family that we had no recorded ancestors on either side of the Battle of Hastings. All we had was Simon Finch, a fur-trapping apothecary from Cornwall whose piety was exceeded only by his stinginess. In England, Simon was irritated by the persecution of those who called themselves for there was nowhere to go, nothing to buy Methodists at the hands of their more liberal brethren, and as Simon called himself a Methodist, he worked his way across the Atlantic to Philadelphia, thence to Jamaica, thence to Mobile, and up the Saint and no money to buy it with, nothing to see Stephens. Mindful of John Wesley's strictures on the use of many words in buying and selling, Simon made a pile practicing medicine, but in this pursuit he was unhappy lest he be tempted into doing what he knew was not for the glory of God, as the putting on of gold and costly apparel. So outside the boundaries of Maycomb County. Simon, having forgotten his teacher's dictum on the possession of human chattels, bought three slaves and with their aid established a homestead on the banks of the Alabama River some forty miles above Saint Stephens. He returned to Saint Stephens only once, to find a wife, and But it was a time of vague optimism for with her established a line that ran high to daughters. Simon lived to an impressive age and died rich. It was customary for the men in the family to remain on Simon's some of the people: Maycomb County had homestead, Finch's Landing, and make their living from cotton. The place was self-sufficient: modest in comparison with the empires around it, the Landing nevertheless produced everything required to sustain life except ice, wheat flour, and articles of clothing, supplied by river-boats from recently been told that it had nothing to fear Mobile. Simon would have regarded with impotent fury the disturbance between the North and the South, as it left his descendants stripped of everything but fear itself. but their land, yet the tradition of living on the land remained unbroken until well into the twentieth century, when my father, Atticus Finch, went to Montgomery to read law, 8 9 and his younger brother went to Boston to study medicine. Their sister Alexandra was the Finch who remained at the Landing: she married a taciturn man who spent most of his time lying in a hammock by the river wondering if his trot-lines were full. When my father was admitted to the bar, he returned to Maycomb and began his practice. Mayeomb, some twenty miles east of Finch's We lived on the main residential street in Landing, was the county seat of Maycomb County. Atticus's office in the courthouse contained little more than a hat rack, a spittoon, a checkerboard and an unsullied Code of Alabama. His first two clients town—Atticus, Jem and I, plus Calpurnia our were the last two persons hanged in the Maycomb County jail. Atticus had urged them to accept the state's generosity in allowing them to plead Guilty to second-degree murder and escape with their lives, but they were Haverfords, in Maycomb County a name synonymous with jackass. The cook. Jem and I found our father Haverfords had dispatched Maycomb's leading blacksmith in a misunderstanding arising from the alleged wrongful detention of a mare, were imprudent enough to do it in the presence of three witnesses, and satisfactory: he played with us, read to us, insisted that the-son-of-a-bitch-had-itcoming-to-him was a good enough defense for anybody. They persisted in pleading Not Guilty to first-degree murder, so there was nothing much Atticus could do for his clients except be present at their departure, an occasion that was probably the and treated us with courteous detachment. beginning of my father's profound distaste for the practice of criminal law. During his first five years in Maycomb, Atticus practiced economy more than anything; for several years thereafter he invested his earnings in his brother's education. John Hale Finch was ten years younger than my father, and chose to study medicine at a time when cotton was not worth They ambled growing; but after getting Uncle Jack started, Atticus derived areasonable income from the law. He liked Maycomb, he was Maycomb County born Calpurnia was something else again. She and bred; he knew his people, they knew him, and because of Simon Finch's industry, Atticus was related by blood or marriage to nearly every family in the town. Maycomb was an old town, but it was a tired old town when I first was all angles and bones; she was knew it. In rainy weather the streets turned to red slop; grass grew on the sidewalks, the courthouse sagged in the square. Somehow, it was hotter then: a black dog suffered on a summer's day; bony mules hitched to nearsighted; she squinted; her hand was Hoover carts flicked flies in the sweltering shade of the live oaks on the square. Men's stiff collars wilted by nine in the morning. Ladies bathed across the before noon, after their three-o'clock naps, and by nightfall were like soft teacakes with frostings of sweat and sweet talcum. wide as a bed slat and twice as hard. She People moved slowly then. They ambled across the square, shuffled in and out of the stores around it, took their time about everything. A day was twenty-four hours long but seemed longer. There was no hurry, for there was nowhere to go, nothing to buy and no money to buy it with, was always ordering me out of the kitchen, nothing to see outside the boundaries of Maycomb County. But it was a time of vague optimism for some of the people: Maycomb County had recently been told that it had nothing to fear but fear itself. asking me why I couldn’t behave as well as We lived on the main residential street in town-Atticus, Jem and I, plus Ca1purnia our cook. Jem and I found our father satisfactory: he played with us, read to us, and treated us with courteous detachment. square Calpurnia was something else again. She was all angles and bones; Jem when she knew he was older, and she was nearsighted; she squinted; her hand was wide as a bed slat and twice as hard. She was always ordering me out of the kitchen, asking me why I couldn't behave as well as Jem when she knew he was older, and calling me home when I wasn’t ready to calling me home when I wasn't ready to come. Our battles were epic and one-sided. Calpurnia always won, mainly because Atticus always took her side. She had been with us ever since Jem was born, and I had felt her tyrannical presence as long as I could remember. come. Our battles were epic and one-sided. Calpurnia always won, mainly because Atticus always took her side. @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 The  way  typography  aids  the  paOern  matching  process  is  by  establishing  healthy  rela1onships  between  all  these  elements  in  ques1on.   A  good  rule  of  thumb  is  to  look  at  the  nega1ve  space,  that  is  the  spaces  that  appear  around  shapes  and  elements,  and  make  sure  that  there’s  balance  in   everything  -­‐-­‐  so  things  like  leOers  don’t  get  squished  together,  words  can  be  easily  read,  and  that  the  content  looks  organized  as  a  whole.  
  • 28. http://www.flickr.com/photos/grahamhibbert/7623343090 http://www.flickr.com/photos/jlt/2889726705/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/zokuga/5818734490 @boonych http://www.flickr.com/photos/mshades/4287009210 Saturday, 6 April 13 Ul1mately,  all  we  want  is  to  be  able  to  avoid  establishing  poor  rela1onships  in  our  content.  Things  like  misused  fonts  make  things  harder  to  read,  and   some1mes  we  can  create  uninten1onal  paOerns  that  hinder  the  reading  experience.  All  this  stuff  is  what  I  call  typographic  hygiene,  and  you  prac1ce  that   so  that  the  intent  of  your  design  is  clear,  and  not  ge[ng  in  the  way  of  the  user.
  • 29. @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 There  are  many  good  guidelines  and  rules  on  how  these  rela1onships  should  be  established,  such  as  how  far  apart  characters  should  be  and  how  much   spacing  we  should  put  between  sentences,  but  blindly  following  these  things  without  an  understanding  of  the  fundamental  concepts  is  a  bit  like  taking  a   standardized  test  to  qualify  as  a  doctor.  
  • 30. Systems Perception ey Patterns Relationships @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 The  guidelines  and  rules  make  a  lot  of  sense  when  you  apply  them  through  these  four  perspec1ves.  They’re  not  complete,  but  they’re   good  ways  to  ground  the  prac1ce  so  that  we  can  produce  beOer  informa1on  architecture.
  • 31. Case studies @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 Now  that  we’ve  got  the  basics  aside,  there  are  some  case  studies  I  want  to  share  with  you  to  bring  this  more  to  life.
  • 32. Verdana - a typeface for digital displays http://www.flickr.com/photos/maddi/173564896/ @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 The  first  case  study  I  want  to  share  is  about  typefaces  for  the  screen.  Our  work  tends  to  involve  screens  a  lot,  and  the  story  of  Verdana  is   interes1ng  because  typographers  didn’t  start  out  designing  typefaces  for  the  screen.  Verdana  is  one  excep1on  -­‐  it  was  designed  in  1996   by  MaOhew  Carter  for  MicrosoG,  and  the  way  he  went  about  it  is  very  interes1ng.
  • 33. http://www.domusweb.it/en/design/states-of-design-06-in-your-face-/ @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 One  of  the  challenges  with  using  type  on  screens  is  that  everything  has  to  be  made  up  of  1ny  square  pixels,  and  if  the  pixels  aren’t  small   enough,  the  characters  end  up  looking  like  lego  blocks  rather  than  nicely  drawn  characters.  In  order  to  take  advantage  of  the  pixels,  what   Carter  did  was  to  start  with  the  pixels  first  before  designing  the  glyphs  -­‐-­‐  these  intricate  lines  that  define  the  characters  of  the  typeface.
  • 34. http://karlstolley.com/dissertation/chapter4/systemfonts.htm http://www.yevol.com/en/windows/Lesson09.htm @boonych http://www.microsoft.com/typography/web/fonts/verdana/default.htm Saturday, 6 April 13 This  made  Verdana  a  suitable  font  for  displaying  content  in  a  small  size  that  didn’t  feel  uncomfortable  to  read.
  • 35. Verdana People moved slowly then. 18 pt They ambled across the square, 24 pt shuffled in and out... A day was twenty-four hours long but seemed 36 pt longer. Georgia People moved slowly then. 18 pt They ambled across the square, shuffled in 24 pt and out... A day was twenty-four hours 36 pt long but seemed longer. @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 This  was  great  when  in  the  earlier  days  of  the  web  when  you  had  a  monitors  with  a  resolu1on  of  600  x  800  pixels,  but  it’s  not  as  elegant   when  you  use  it  on  higher  fidelity  screens  or  at  larger  sizes.  Because  of  technological  improvements  in  screens,  there’s  a  lot  more  you  can   do  with  typography  now.  
  • 36. @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 Also,  since  2009,  more  typefaces  has  become  available  for  use  due  to  beOer  browser  support  and  font  services  like  Typekit  and  Fontdeck.   This  is  generally  a  good  thing,  because  it  allows  us  more  ways  to  express  informa1on  on  the  web.
  • 37. @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 There’s  this  growing  trend  of  using  web  fonts  to  create  sites  that  are  really  bold  and  drama1c.  This  is  the  New  Republic,  an  online-­‐only   magazine  that  launched  recently  last  year.  This  aesthe1c  is  partly  necessary  because  the  fine  detail  of  many  typefaces  will  not  render  as   well  at  small  sizes  due  to  pixels. It’s  something  we  have  to  live  with  for  now,  but  it  means  that  we  have  to  make  trade-­‐offs  about  what  typefaces  to  use  for  crea1ng  an   impression  versus  the  ones  we  use  for  body  text  and  so  on.
  • 38. @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 However,  some  sites  have  taken  a  step  back  to  ques1on  the  role  of  big  headlines  and  web  typography.  This  is  the  new  “A  List  Apart”  site,   which  was  redesigned  a  few  months  ago.  The  bold  headline,  which  is  created  with  this  drama1c  typeface,  is  merely  a  way  to  introduce   the  page.  The  focus  here  is  clearly  on  the  content  -­‐-­‐  which  has  also  been  given  typographic  considera1on.  And  this  is  what  it  looks  like   when  you  scroll  all  the  way  up  to  the  top  -­‐  the  effect  is  inten1onal.              In  fact,  the  focus  on  content  is  so  much  that  all  of  the  content  that   used  to  be  in  the  sidebar  has  been  pushed  down.
  • 39. @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 However,  some  sites  have  taken  a  step  back  to  ques1on  the  role  of  big  headlines  and  web  typography.  This  is  the  new  “A  List  Apart”  site,   which  was  redesigned  a  few  months  ago.  The  bold  headline,  which  is  created  with  this  drama1c  typeface,  is  merely  a  way  to  introduce   the  page.  The  focus  here  is  clearly  on  the  content  -­‐-­‐  which  has  also  been  given  typographic  considera1on.  And  this  is  what  it  looks  like   when  you  scroll  all  the  way  up  to  the  top  -­‐  the  effect  is  inten1onal.              In  fact,  the  focus  on  content  is  so  much  that  all  of  the  content  that   used  to  be  in  the  sidebar  has  been  pushed  down.
  • 40. New Transport typeface Henrik Kubel & Margaret Calvert @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 Some  typefaces  have  been  found  to  work  very  well  on  screens,  and  some  sites  are  star1ng  to  use  this  extensively  as  their  primary   typeface.  This  is  gov.uk,  the  official  government  portal  for  the  United  Kingdom.  It  uses  the  New  Transport  typeface  across  all  of  their   pages  -­‐-­‐                Remember  the  one  I  showed  you  earlier?  New  Transport  is  an  updated  version  of  this  typeface.   And  because  Transport  had  tested  extensively  for  legibility  and  accessibility  at  high  speeds  and  low  light  situa1ons,  and  many  of  those   benefits  are  s1ll  present  in  the  new  typeface.  It  works  really  well  as  a  standard  font  for  headlines,  interac1ve  copy,  small  text,  and  so  on.
  • 41. New Transport typeface Henrik Kubel & Margaret Calvert @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 Some  typefaces  have  been  found  to  work  very  well  on  screens,  and  some  sites  are  star1ng  to  use  this  extensively  as  their  primary   typeface.  This  is  gov.uk,  the  official  government  portal  for  the  United  Kingdom.  It  uses  the  New  Transport  typeface  across  all  of  their   pages  -­‐-­‐                Remember  the  one  I  showed  you  earlier?  New  Transport  is  an  updated  version  of  this  typeface.   And  because  Transport  had  tested  extensively  for  legibility  and  accessibility  at  high  speeds  and  low  light  situa1ons,  and  many  of  those   benefits  are  s1ll  present  in  the  new  typeface.  It  works  really  well  as  a  standard  font  for  headlines,  interac1ve  copy,  small  text,  and  so  on.
  • 42. New Transport typeface Henrik Kubel & Margaret Calvert @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 Some  typefaces  have  been  found  to  work  very  well  on  screens,  and  some  sites  are  star1ng  to  use  this  extensively  as  their  primary   typeface.  This  is  gov.uk,  the  official  government  portal  for  the  United  Kingdom.  It  uses  the  New  Transport  typeface  across  all  of  their   pages  -­‐-­‐                Remember  the  one  I  showed  you  earlier?  New  Transport  is  an  updated  version  of  this  typeface.   And  because  Transport  had  tested  extensively  for  legibility  and  accessibility  at  high  speeds  and  low  light  situa1ons,  and  many  of  those   benefits  are  s1ll  present  in  the  new  typeface.  It  works  really  well  as  a  standard  font  for  headlines,  interac1ve  copy,  small  text,  and  so  on.
  • 43. Saturday, 6 April 13 Another  area  that’s  seen  provided  some  interes1ng  opportuni1es  for  typography  use  with  new  soGware  applica1ons,  some  of  which   have  been  used  as  opportuni1es  to  break  away  from  legacy  applica1ons  that  have  been  around  for  decades.  One  example  is  Adobe   Lightroom,  which  was  designed  from  the  ground  up  as  a  focused  applica1on  for  photographers.   If  you  compare  Lightroom  to  its  symbolic  parent,  Adobe  Photoshop,  you  can  see  the  subtle  but  effec1ve  difference  typography  has  made   to  denote  interface  structure,  modes,  hierarchy,  order,  state  and  so  on  -­‐  all  into  one  compact  space.
  • 44. Saturday, 6 April 13 Another  area  that’s  seen  provided  some  interes1ng  opportuni1es  for  typography  use  with  new  soGware  applica1ons,  some  of  which   have  been  used  as  opportuni1es  to  break  away  from  legacy  applica1ons  that  have  been  around  for  decades.  One  example  is  Adobe   Lightroom,  which  was  designed  from  the  ground  up  as  a  focused  applica1on  for  photographers.   If  you  compare  Lightroom  to  its  symbolic  parent,  Adobe  Photoshop,  you  can  see  the  subtle  but  effec1ve  difference  typography  has  made   to  denote  interface  structure,  modes,  hierarchy,  order,  state  and  so  on  -­‐  all  into  one  compact  space.
  • 45. Saturday, 6 April 13 In  a  similar  vein,  mobile  applica1ons  have  also  provided  similar  opportuni1es  for  designers  to  start  afresh.  Both  of  these  examples  here,   the  iPad  app  and  the  mobile  site  of  the  Guardian,  one  of  UK’s  leading  news  publica1ons,  has  been  designed  to  support  mobile-­‐centric   ac1vi1es  of  intermiOent  content  snacking  and  in1mate  reading.  The  execu1on  you  see  here  shows  how  strong  typography  can  both   make  the  content  browsable  and  comfortably  readable  at  the  same  1me,  without  the  interface  ge[ng  in  the  way.
  • 46. “ Treat text as UI” Cameron Moll Designer, author, and speaker Saturday, 6 April 13 Cameron  Moll,  author  of  CSS  Mastery  and  Mobile  Web  Design,  has  been  credited  with  the  saying  “treat  text  as  UI”   as  one  of  the  aOributes  of  great  designers.  We’re  so  used  to  crea1ng  our  wireframes  with  out  of  the  box  components,  that  we  almost   never  explore  the  possibility  of  doing  more  with  text  other  than  labels  and  represen1ng  content.
  • 47. 2008 2013 @boonych Saturday, 6 April 13 As  a  result  of  this  shiG  of  thinking,  a  lot  of  the  chrome  began  to  fade  away,  in  order  for  the  content  itself  to  do  the  work  of  the  interface   and  interac1on.
  • 48. 2008 2013 Saturday, 6 April 13 Sites  like  kayak.com  have  improved  their  informa1on  architecture  over  1me  by  removing  a  lot  of  noise  and  allowing  the  typeface  and   content  itself  to  do  the  heavy  liGing.  So  rather  than  thinking  about  interac1on  as  a  system  of  components,  widgets  and  panels  that   contain  the  content,  the  content  itself  and  its  rela1onship  to  the  things  around  it  is  what  creates  the  interface.  Skip  all  of  the  technical   scaffolding  to  meet  the  user’s  expecta1ons.