1. French Religious Wars and Dutch Revolt
Just when you thought it was over!

2. • Huguenots (French Protestants) were tolerated until the Night of the Placards
in 1534, when anti-Catholic posters were put up around Paris (including King
Francois’ own bedchamber door!).

3. Henry II and Catherine De Medici

4. Francis II (king for a year)
Charles IX (weak mommy’s boy)

5. Admiral Coligny and Henry of Navarre

6. Princess Marguerite, his wife and Charles’ sister

7. Assassination of Coligny and the Massacre

8. Henry III Henry of Guise Henry of Navarre

9. Edict of Nantes Duc de Sully

10. La Rochelle, a Huguenot free city

11. Dutch Revolt 1568-1648 - Spanish overlords
• Philip II of Spain Aunt Margaret of Parma Duke of Alba

12. William the Silent, Prince of Orange
Lion of the Netherlands

13. Dutch battles vs. Spanish (they even broke the dykes)

14. Assassination of William of Orange in 1584

15. Elizabeth of England sent Dudley and Drake

16. To which the Spanish responded!

17. Despite temporary setbacks, the Dutch won by 1639

18. Independence at Treaty of Munster 1648