Open Educational Resource Benefits and Challenges

Benefits of OER
Open Educational Resources
Dr. Gail Fraser Chanpong
Shoreline Community College
January 2018

• Gail Chanpong is an American Red Cross volunteer who
worked with the Hurricane Harvey Recovery in Texas,
Tsunami Recovery Program in Thailand and Associate
Faculty member at Shoreline Community College
• Gail is a Certified Industrial Hygienist and Public Health
Professional who teaches Occupational Safety & Health
(OSHA) courses with University of Washington and an
Associate Professor for Global Public Health with the
Faculty of Nursing in Bogotá, Colombia.
Introduction

Shoreline, Washington
Aim
The purpose of this presentation is to
stimulate discussion about Open
Educational Resources (OER), including:
five benefits and five challenges of OER

Dr. Chanpong has worked in 18 countries as
Global Public Health Professional over 40 years

Safety & Health Professional
Dr. Gail Chanpong with Eric Barber of Alon USA

SOURCE: David Wallace Bar. (March 30, 2013).The Benefits and Drawbacks of 'Big' and 'Little' Open Educational Resources. Available from
http://thatsgr8.blogspot.com/2013/03/the-benefits-and-drawbacks-of-big-and.html

Open Educational Resource
BENEFITS
(1) The Open Educational
Resources (OER) movement
is a technology- empowered
effort to create and share
educational content on a
global level.
SOURCE: Stephen Downs. (2007). Models for Sustainable
Open Educational Resources, National Research Council
Canada, Canada. Available for download from Interdisciplinary
Journal of Knowledge and Learning Objects.
Available online at any time

BENEFITS
(2) Article 26 of the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights declares that everyone has the right to education,
and that "technical and professional education shall be
made generally available.” (United Nations, 1948).
• New distance education technologies, such as OERs,
act as enablers to achieving the universal right to
education.
SOURCE: Tom Caswell, et al.. (2008). Open Educational Resources: Enabling universal education. Available for
download from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/469/1001

BENEFITS
(3) One benefit of OERs when we look at
the impact on the stakeholders in an OER
network. For example, authors with open
publication grants enable access to the
widest possible audience.
SOURCE: Stephen Downs. (2007). Models for Sustainable Open Educational Resources, National Research Council
Canada, Canada. Available for download from Interdisciplinary Journal of Knowledge and Learning Objects.

BENEFITS
(4) The availability of OER technologies, including
OpenCourseWare, facilitates the associated changes
distance education's role from one of classroom alternative
to one of social transformer.
• Online open access collections of educational materials
used in courses at universities such as the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), the Open
University, Johns Hopkins, Kyoto University, Notre Dame,
enhance education quality.

BENEFITS
(5) OERs provide costs savings
that make online courses more
accessible for continuing
education and professional
retraining and increasing skill competency.
SOURCE: Stephen Downs. (2007). Models for Sustainable Open Educational Resources, National Research
Council Canada, Canada. Available for download from Interdisciplinary Journal of Knowledge and Learning Objects.

CHALLENGES

CHALLENGES
There are challenges surrounding the
fostering of a network of OERs.
(1) The open sharing of one's educational
resources implies that knowledge is made
freely available on non-commercial terms,
then this raises the question of how such a
network is to be sustained.

CHALLENGES
(2) Another challenge of OERs to be considered is
costs for production and lack of incentives to
produce OERs. Resources to assure the quality of
education and educational practices.
• If resource users do not pay for their production
and distribution of OERs, for example, then their
production and distribution may not be maintained.

CHALLENGES
(3) Another challenge is dealing with intellectual
property.
• Most faculty members in the United States use
excerpts from copyrighted materials under the
fragile notion of "Fair Use". When that same course
is meant to be shared openly online, however, "Fair
Use" ceases to apply.

CHALLENGES
(4) Many institutions have unclear guidelines
regarding rewards to faculty developing OERs.
• Policy questions and time awards that provide
support and incentives may create a quagmire of
faculty / administration committee struggles.
• Without any institutional initiative, OERs can be
difficult to fund.

CHALLENGES
(5) OERs, including open courseware and content,
require (a) open source software tools, (b)
specialized learning management systems (LMS),
(c) open material for e-learning capacity building of
faculty staff, and (d) repositories of learning objects
which require upgrading of internet connectivity
backbone and infrastructure.
SOURCE: Jan Hylén. (2005). Open educational resources: Opportunities and challenges. OECD-CERI. Available from
http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/1/49/35733548.doc.

CONCLUSION
• OER provides a model where our global community
works together, based on principles of openness and
sharing that guide the development of technologies,
content, and financial support.
• “All the basic knowledge of the twentieth century can be
given to everybody everywhere at essentially no
additional cost beyond the cost it required to make the
first copy" (Moglen, 2006).
• Now we have legal and technical tools to convert open
education resources allowing the 60-year-old United
Nations Declaration into become a reality.
Paraphrase based on: Tom Caswell, et al.. (2008). Open Educational Resources: Enabling universal education.
Available for download from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/469/1001

Online Resources
• Stephen Downs. (2007). “Models for Sustainable Open Educational
Resources.” National Research Council Canada, Canada. Available for
download from Interdisciplinary Journal of Knowledge and Learning
Objects, Volume 3, from http://www.oecd.org/edu/ceri/36781698.pdf
• Tom Caswell, Shelley Henson, Marion Jensen, and David Wiley. (2008).”
Open Educational Resources: Enabling universal education.” The Center
for Open and Sustainable Learning, Utah State University. Available for
• Jan Hylén. (2005). Open educational resources: Opportunities and
challenges. OECD-CERI. OECD's Centre for Educational Research and
Innovation. Paris, France, from: http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/1/49/35733548.doc
• Eben Moglen. (2006). Software and Community in the Early 21st Century.
Retrieved January 30, 2007 from: https://archive.org/details/eben-moglen-oct-2006

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