Css basic

CSS for Styling HTML
Contents
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Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
 CSS use to describes the appearance, layout,
and presentation of information on a web page
 CSS Advantages:
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•Separates structure from presentation
•Provides advanced control of presentation
•Easy maintenance of multiple pages
•Faster page loading
•Better accessibility for disabled users
•Easy to learn

Basic CSS rule syntax
 A CSS file consists of one or more rules
 Each rule starts with a selector
 A selector specifies an HTML element(s) and then
applies style properties to them
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SYNTAX to Write CSS=
selector {
property: value;
...
property: value;
} CSS
Example===
p {
font-family: sans-serif;
color: red;
}

Types of CSS or
Attaching a Style Sheet
Attach a style sheet to a page by adding the code to the
<head> section of the HTML page. There are 3 ways to attach
CSS to a page:
1. External Style Sheet: Best used to control styling on multiple
pages.
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
media="all" href="css/styles.css" />
2. Internal Style Sheet: Best used to control styling on one page.
<style type=“text/css”>
h1 {color: red)
</style>
3. Inline Style Sheet*: CSS is not attached in the <header> but is
used directly within HTML tags.
<p style=“color: red”>Some Text</p>

Types of CSS- External CSS
 A page can link to multiple style sheet file.
 It uses Two fils-1 .CSS and 2. .HTML
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P{color:red;} style.CSS
<head>
<link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet" /></head>
<body><p>This is External CSS</p>
.HTML
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Internal CSS:
 It apply on Single Page.
 It uses <style> Tag in <head> and </head>.
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<head>
<style>
p { font-family: arial;
color: red; }
h2 { background-color: yellow; }
</style>
</head> <body><h1>Internal CSS</h1>
<p>This is Internal CSS</p></body>
HTML
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Inline styles: the style attribute
 It apply on single line of HTML code.
 It uses style as attribute.
 Higher precedence than internal or external CSS styles
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<p style="font-family: chiller; color: red;">
This is a paragraph</p>
HTML
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CSS properties for colors
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p {
color: red;
background-color: yellow;
}
CSS
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This paragraph uses the style above output
property description
color color of the element's text
background-color
color that will appear behind the
element

CSS comments /*…*/
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/* This is a comment.
It can span many lines in the CSS file. */
p {
color: red; background-color: aqua;
} CSS
 CSS (like HTML) is usually not commented as rigorously
as programming languages such as Java
 The // single-line comment style is NOT supported in
CSS
 The  HTML comment style is also NOT
supported in CSS
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CSS properties for fonts
font-family which font will be used
font-size how large the letters will be drawn
font-style used to enable/disable italic style
font-weight used to enable/disable bold style
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<html>
<head><style>
p {
font-family :chiller;
font-size :20px;
font-style :italic;
font-weight :bold
} </style></head><body>
<p> This text formatted with font properties</p></body></html
Example:

CSS properties for text
text-align alignment of text within its element
text-decoration decorations such as underlining
line-height,
word-spacing,
letter-spacing
gaps between the various portions
of the text
text-indent
indents the first letter of each
paragraph
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Example
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<html>
<head><style>
p {
line-height:12px;
Text-align: center;
Text-decoration:Overline;
Text-transform: uppercase;
word-spacing:20px;
letter-spacing:30px;
<p> This text formatted with text properties</p></body></html
Example:

CSS properties for backgrounds
background-color color to fill background
background-image image to place in background
background-position
placement of bg image within
element
background-repeat
whether/how bg image should be
repeated
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Example:
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<html>
<head><style>
body{
background-color:red;
Background-image:url(image1.jpg);
background-position:right;
Background-repeat:no-repeat;
Background-size: 200px 300px;
<p> This page formatted with background
properties</p></body></html

CSS Box Model Properties:
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height To Change height of Section.
width To Change width of Section.
margin
Use to define margin space along
with four side
Padding
Use to define space along with
four side between border and
content.
Border
Use to define border around
content

Example:
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<html>
<head><style>
div{
Hight:300px;
Width:300px;
Border: solid 20px red;
Margin-left:50px;
Padding:30px; //apply to for side
<div>
<p> This section formatted with box model
properties</p></div></body></html

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