Mongolia was once home to the vast Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan in the 13th century. It broke up in the 1300s and was controlled by China until regaining independence in 1911. Mongolia adopted aspects of Chinese culture but still engages in nomadic herding. Taiwan has strong cultural and historical ties to China but gained independence in the 20th century. It developed a highly successful economy based on manufacturing and trade despite lacking natural resources. Western influences like baseball also became popular in Taiwan.

1. Mongolia and Taiwan
Chapter 28, Section 2

2. Mongolian Empire
• Mongols were nomadic
herders for thousands of
years until Genghis Khan
(which means “supreme
conqueror”) conquered all
of Central Asia and part of
China before his death in
1227

3. Mongolian Empire
• Khan’s heirs
continued
his policy of
conquest
and
expanded
east, west
and south
out of
Mongolia

4. Mongolian Empire
• The Mongol empire broke up in the 1300s and was
controlled by the Chinese in the 17th century
• They regained independence in 1911 after pushing China
out
• Under the influence of Russia, Mongolia became a
communist country for 72 years until the fall of the Soviet
Union in 1991

5. Mongolia’s Culture
• The back and forth of the Mongol’s ruling China and
being ruled by China has led to them adopt many
aspects of the Chinese culture
• The most important Mongolian festival is the
Naadam festival of the Three Games of Men that
dates back 2,300 years
• The 3 games are wrestling, archery, and horse
racing

6. Economic Prospects for Mongolia
• Many still engages in herding and managing livestock
• More goats are being raised to meet the demand for
cashmere that comes from the soft wool
• Under communism, the government owned most of
the factories, but after their fall, Mongolia tried to
switch to a market economy
• They have large deposits of fuel, such as coal and
petroleum, and metals like copper, gold and iron

7. Taiwan’s Link to China
• Taiwan has experienced
many prehistoric
migrations from southern
China and southeast Asia
as well as the Malay and
Polynesian people
• Large numbers of Chinese
came when a famine
struck the Fujian province
in the 17th century

8. Taiwan’s Link to China
• The Manchu Dynasty conquered the island in 1683
• Japan seized the island after winning a war with
China in 1895 and kept it until their defeat in WWII
• Chinese Nationalists took control of the island as part
of their fight against the Communists and declared it
the Republic of China but the People’s Republic of
China has never recognized it as a separate country

9. Taiwan’s Culture
• Taiwan has a population that is
almost exclusively Chinese
• The capital city, Taipei, contains
Buddhist temples as well as
museums of Chinese art
• The population is well educated
and most speak Mandarin

10. Taiwan’s Economic Success
• One of the world’s most successful economies
despite the fact that they have few natural
resources
• Prosperity is based on its strong
manufacturing industries and its trade with
other nations
• Some of their most successful exports are
radios, TVs, calculators, and computers

11. Western Influences in Taiwan
• Baseball has become a popular sport
• Little League became popular after WWII and in
1974, the U.S. banned foreign countries from the
World Series
due in part to the success of
Taiwan’s teams who dominated
the World Series in the 1970s.
Baseball in Taiwan

12. • Taiwanese drummers

13. _________ 1. The rapid growth of an economic tiger is due to
a. cheap labor.
b. high technology.
c. aggressive exports.
d. all of these.
_________ 2. Goats are important to the economy in Mongolia because of their
soft wool known as
a. angora.
b. cashmere.
c. Mandarin.
d. Taipei.
_________ 3. A type of tent used for housing in Mongolia is a
a. yurt.
b. tarp.
c. nomad.
d. dynasty.
_________ 4. The countries surrounding the Pacific Ocean are known as the
a. Southern Hemisphere.
b. Pacific Rim.
c. economic tiger.
d. Pacific group
_________ 5. According to the chapter, an example of Western influence in Taiwan
is
a. baseball cards.
b. hockey tournaments.
c. Little League.
d. video games.