CTE’s Time is Now - South Carolina Education and Business Summit

CTE’s Time is Now
South Carolina Education and Business Summit
Greenville, S.C., June 21, 2015
JIM BRAZELL
CEO, Armour.io
jim@armour.io

May2015,NSBA.org
http://mydigimag.rrd.com/publication/?i=258603

• STEM Public Policy Origin and Path
• Abraham Lincoln
• John F. Kennedy
• Barack Obama

When our predecessors stood
at the edge of the world and
gazed up at Sputnik in 1957,
they did not respond with a
narrow focus on technology
education or training.
General Robert F. McDermott,
Academic Dean, of the U.S. Air
Force Academy, founded the
new academy on the idea that
in a world of increasing
technological complexity,
education needs to increase
emphasis in both classical and
contemporary studies.
Brigadier General Robert F. McDermott

Health Arts
CTEAcademics
Leadership
Character
Citizenship
Classical Contemporary
Education

The Fundamental
Question of 21st
Century education is:
How do we cultivate
innovation and
innovators in our
schools?
Dr. Francis X. Kane Military Father
of GPS (Col. USAF, 1918-2013)

http://www.npr.org/2013/11/11/230841224/lessons-in-leadership-its-not-about-you-its-about-them
When we face a challenge where people have to change, leadership’s role
is to engage the people with the problem to solve it for themselves—rather
than prescribing a solution from the top down.
Adaptive Leadership
Ronald Heifetz Harvard University

http://hbr.org/product/the-theory-behind-the-practice-a-brief-introductio/an/3241BC-PDF-
ENG
Successful adaptive
changes build on the
past rather than
jettison it.
Organizational
adaptation occurs
through
experimentation.
Adaptation relies on
diversity.

How do we cultivate innovation and
innovators in our schools?
Indigenous Invention - “We must move
beyond school reform through the
implementation of outside ideas to a new
approach, one that embraces inside innovation,
imagination, and invention…”
Source: School Reform: The Flatworm in a Flat World: From Entropy to Renewal
through Indigenous Invention, PAUL E. HECKMAN, University of California,
Davis and VIKI L. MONTERA, Sonoma State University.

We are here
TEAMS
STEM
21st Century
Economic Shift

TEAMS
Organization of people
and technology across
institutions and
disciplines to innovate.

Education
Economic
Development
IndustryWorkforce
Community Innovation
Laboratories
TEAMS

From Brazell in Network
World: Cyber Bullying,
Citizenship, and Learning,
South Carolina CTE, June
30, 2011.

Health Arts
AcademicsCTE
TEAMS Balance
Culture, Norms &
Behaviors
How do we create a positive
environment for learning?
Rules, Policies, Support, Counseling, & Enforcement
Brazell in South Carolina CTE, Network World: Cyber Bullying,
Citizenship, and Learning, June 30, 2011

SURVIVAL
GOVERNANCE
SECURITY &
SAFETY
QUALITY
OF
LIFE
WEALTH
JOBS
STEM is transformation of
social, human, and
environmental systems by
human creativity & design
and the unintended
consequences of our
actions.
STEM

What is the technology shift
changing the economy and
education landscape?
What is the historic and
contemporary context motivation for
change in schools?
What conclusions can we draw from
the STEM labor market about CTE
education?
How should CTE leaders respond?

The Commission reported:
1. There was a widespread interest in the subject of
industrial education.
2. The lack of skilled workmen was not chiefly a want of
manual dexterity but a want of what what may be called
industrial intelligence.
3. There was a growing feeling of inadequacy of the
existing public school system to fully meet the needs of
modern industrial and social conditions. The schools were
too exclusively literary in their spirit, scope, and methods.
4. To the question of who should bear the expense of
technical education, the common answer was the state.

On June 7, 1905, Massachusetts Governor William Douglas
appointed a Commission on Industrial and Technical
Education that later became known as the Douglas
Commission. The Commission reported:
1. There was a widespread interest in the subject of industrial education.
2. The lack of skilled workmen was not chiefly a want of manual dexterity but a
want of what what may be called industrial intelligence.
3. There was a growing feeling of inadequacy of the existing public school system
to fully meet the needs of modern industrial and social conditions. The schools
were too exclusively literary in their spirit, scope, and methods.
4. To the question of who should bear the expense of technical education, the
common answer was the state.
(Barlow, 2001 Years of Education 1776-1976, Feb. 1976)

Morrill Act, July 2, 1862
Practical
Arts
Liberal
Arts
STEM
Motivates
New
Ed
“...promote the liberal and practical education of the
industrial classes.” (Barlow, 2001 Years of Education
1776-1976, Feb. 1976)

Hail the skillful cunning
hand!
Hail to the cultural
mind!
Contending for the
world’s command,
Here let them be
combined.
(Barlow, 2001 Years of Education
1776-1976, Feb. 1976)
St. Louis Manual Training School, 1880
Steam-driven threshing machine near Hallock, Minnesota. Photo from 1882, scanned from H.
Arnold Barton, A Folk Divided: Homeland Swedes and Swedish Americans, 1840—1940,
Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 1994. Held by Nordiska Museet, Stockholm. Public
domain by reason of age in Wikipedia.

1812 Industrial
Age
Input to production –
machine labor (STEM
driven change)
Agrarian Age
Input to production – human
labor
19th Century
Economic Shift

1973
Information
Age
Input to production
– human knowledge via
computers (STEM driven
change)Industrial Age
Input to production –
machine labor
20th Century
Economic Shift

We are here
New
Economic
Age
(STEM driven change)
Information Age
Input to production
– human knowledge
21st Century
Economic Shift

STEM JOBS
Audience Survey
What percentage of jobs
in the U.S. in 2014 are
classified as STEM jobs
by the BLS, U.S.
Department of
Commerce?

6% STEM JOBS
6% of U.S. Workforce,
8.2M STEM Jobs in
2014
2014, http://www.bls.gov/oes/2013/may/stem_groups.htm, 8.2 million jobs and David Langdon, George McKittrick,
David Beede, Beethika Khan, and Mark Doms, “STEM: Good Jobs Now and for the Future.” US Department of
Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration last accessed online October 28, 2012
http://www.esa.doc.gov/sites/default/files/reports/documents/stemfinalyjuly14_1.pdf

½ of STEM Jobs are
Network and
Information Tech
2014, http://www.bls.gov/oes/2013/may/stem_groups.htm, 8.2 million jobs and David Langdon, George McKittrick,
David Beede, Beethika Khan, and Mark Doms, “STEM: Good Jobs Now and for the Future.” US Department of
Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration last accessed online October 28, 2012
http://www.esa.doc.gov/sites/default/files/reports/documents/stemfinalyjuly14_1.pdf
6% STEM JOBS

Is there a labor market
shortage of STEM workers?

There are too many college educated,
experienced STEM workers who are
trying to find a job; there is not a
shortage of them (Economic Policy
Institute). However, current STEM job
categorization does not typically
include health and medical jobs or the
majority of middle and high skill jobs.

The STEM Crisis Is a Myth
By Robert N. Charette
Posted 30 Aug 2013
http://spectrum.ieee.org/at-work/education/the-stem-crisis-is-a-myth
STEM attrition
goes 10 yrs into
the workforce, as
46% of #workers
with a Bachelor’s
degree in STEM
have left the field.
—Georgetown University
Center on Education and
the Workforce

http://www.brookings.edu/research/reports/2013/06/10-stem-economy-rothwell
Caveat Emptor

The true secret behind the curtain

ANTHONY P. CARNEVALE NICOLE SMITH MICHELLE MELTON, “Science, Technology, Engineering &
Mathematics”, Georgetown University, Center on Education and the Workforce, October 20, 2012 last
accessed October 28, 2012 at http://cew.georgetown.edu/stem/.
Forecast of STEM Occupational Growth
Georgetown University, Center for Education and the Workforce
Job Shortages: We face a chronic
shortage in STEM competencies as the
demand for STEM talents grows
outside traditional STEM jobs.

The Hidden STEM Economy,
Brookings Institute, 6.10.2013
http://www.brookings.edu/research/reports/2013/06/10-stem-economy-rothwell

CTE - Five Ways That Pay, Center for Education and the Workforce, Georgetown University, Sep 2012,
Last accessed online October 28, 2012 at
http://www9.georgetown.edu/grad/gppi/hpi/cew/pdfs/CTE.FiveWays.FullReport.pdf
There are 29
million middle
skills jobs.
62% of middle
skills job pay
$35K plus

There are 29 million middle skill jobs.
Many of these jobs are wrongly classified
as middle skill jobs because they only
require a two year degree or or certificate
(Bettersworth, TSTC.edu).
STEM Workforce Data - Caveat Emptor

http://www.nationalskillscoalition.org/resources/publications/file/middle-skill-fact-sheets-2014/NSC-South-Carolina-MiddleSkillFS-2014.pdf

http://www.nationalskillscoalition.org/resources/publications/file/middle-skill-fact-sheets-2014/NSC-South-Carolina-MiddleSkillFS-2014.pdf
GAP

Dennis Vilorio, Occupational Outlook Quarterly,
Spring 2014, http://www.stemedcoalition.org/wp-
content/uploads/2010/05/BLS-STEM-Jobs-report-
spring-2014.pdf
“The future of the
economy is in STEM,”
says James Brown, the
executive director of the
STEM Education
Coalition in Washington,
D.C. “That’s where the
jobs of tomorrow will be.”
There is no universally
agreed-upon definition of
STEM….

If the BLS can not agree on a
workforce definition of
STEM, it can not be measured
and STEM education and
workforce funding is lost to
politics.
STEM 2.0: Transformational
Thinking About STEM for
Education and Career
Practitioners
by Jim Brodie Brazell
If you would like a copy STEM
2.0 or if you would like a copy
of my monthly newsletter,
please email me at
jim@armour.io

Dennis Vilorio, Occupational Outlook Quarterly, Spring 2014,
http://www.stemedcoalition.org/wp-
content/uploads/2010/05/BLS-STEM-Jobs-report-spring-
2014.pdf
In my opinion, the STEM Ed Coalition, is one of the most harmful lobbies in the
United States to preparing our youth educationally to face their future—rather than
our past. This organization has consistently taken over the space in public policy and
funding advocacy occupied by CTE over the past 100 years—essentially replacing
advocacy for workforce education with a path to 4 year colleges only.

Millennial Flip Flop of
Political Education Poles

(1) There is no standard workforce or education
definition of STEM in the U.S.
(2) Today, labor market shortages are for STEM-
based skills across many jobs not typically classified
as STEM.
(3) A new approach to analysis is needed to identify
how social institutions such as employment are
changing as well as what skills give rise to
economic innovation and sustainability of
democratic ideals.

The Fundamental
Question of the 21st
Century is:
How do we cultivate
innovation and
innovators in our
schools?
Dr. Francis X. Kane Military
Father of GPS (Col. USAF, 1918-
2013)

Increasing student,
teacher, and worker
performance can be
achieved by reconciling
what we perceive to be
opposites:
Academics and the
applied arts--Engineering,
Fine Arts, Performance
Art, Computer Science,
and Career and Technical
Education…

Reconciling Opposites
Two Sides of the Same Coin
Knowledge
Academics
Liberal Arts/
White Collar Jobs
Practical Arts/Blue
Collar Jobs
Skill
Career & Technical
Education, Arts,
Engineering, and
Computer Science

Common Core State Standards & Career and Technical Education: Bridging the Divide between
College and Career Readiness was prepared for Achieve by Hans Meeder and Thom Suddreth of the
Meeder Consulting Group, with the Association for Career and Technical Education and the National
Association of State Directors of Career Technical Education Consortium.
“...all too
often, the
focus on
“college
readiness”
and “career
readiness”
remains in
two distinct
silos...”

“Those who complete both a strong
academic curriculum and a
vocational program of study (dual
concentrators) may have better
outcomes than those who pursue
one or the other”
Source: Silverberg, Warner, Fong, & Goodwin, 2004; Plank, 2001; Stone & Aliaga, 2003)”
(National Alliance for Secondary Education and Transition, 2005, Career Preparatory
Experiences, ¶ 3).

Tell me, and I forget
Show me, and I remember
Let me do, and I understand
—After Confucius, China, 5th century BC

http://www.saysi.orghttp://www.saysi.org
SAY Sí is a year round,
long-term, non-profit
multidisciplinary arts
program that provides
students opportunities to
develop artistic and social
skills in preparation for
higher educational
advancement and
professional careers. SAY
Sí strives to develop each
individual student by
enhancing their character so
that they will possess all the
tools and motivation
necessary to become
productive, thoughtful
citizens of our community.

http://www.dentonrc.com/sharedcontent/utilities/clickedimage/index.html

Educational Change
Today schools are working to
mainstream engineering, arts,
and computer science processes
within the academic context—
integration of practical and
applied arts.

Model classical contemporary schools that integrate
academic and applied arts with success in terms of
improving learning outcomes for students include:
1. Philadelphia Performing Arts Charter School (K-8),
ppacs.net, PA.
2. Clark Magnet School, clarkmagnet.net, La Crescenta, CA.
3. Indian River State College, irsc.edu, Fort Pierce, FL.
4. University of Maryland Baltimore County, umbc.edu,
Baltimore, MD.
5. Olin College, olin.edu, Needham, MA.

Classical Contemporary Education - Systems Innovation
a. ADAPTIVE LEADERSHIP - Adaptive leadership is specifically about change that
enables the capacity to thrive—change led from the bottom up and the top down
simultaneously.
b. INNOVATION LABORATORIES – Positioning challenges and opportunities from
the community (local and/or global) in the center of learning and education goals
through student- and teacher-driven innovation projects.
c. CULTURE OF INNOVATION - Context and frame for learning is real world and
purpose driven incorporating failure as feedback to the learning process. A culture
of innovation is conducive to learning, improving, and adapting while fostering risk
taking. In this view, learning cannot be achieved without feedback as an integral
part of the learning loop.
d. PRE-K TO PhD NETWORKS, SYSTEMS, & PATHWAYS - Sequenced, integrated and
transferable courses across K-12, Community College, University and the Adult
Continuing Education spectrum of lifelong learning.

Classical Contemporary Education - Pedagogical Innovation
INTEGRATED ACADEMIC & APPLIED PRACTICE -
STEM is used as a bridge to connect academic, arts, CTE, and health education;
Delivering integrated programs of study across disciplines (coherent course
sequences);
Integrating fine arts, performing arts, cultural arts, commercial arts, and
creativity as foundational to school culture and outcomes (not an add on);
Applying knowledge and skill-based learning through apprenticeship, expert
modeling, and project work;
Integrating disciplinary knowledge across subjects through innovation themes,
projects, and competitions; and,
Integrating professional development within and across faculty professional
development subjects/disciplines.

The Fundamental
Question of the 21st
Century is:
What are we going
to do to change the
world today?
Dr. Francis X. Kane Military
Father of GPS (Col. USAF, 1918-
2013)

Health Arts
CTEAcademics
Classical Contemporary
Education
YOU

SURVIVAL
GOVERNANCE
SECURITY &
SAFETY
QUALITY
OF
LIFE
WEALTH
JOBS
YOU
STEM is transformation of social, human,
and environmental systems by human
creativity & design and the unintended
consequences of our actions.

Education
Economic
Development
IndustryWorkforce
YOU
TEAMS

WHAT IS STEM?
A conversation with Rene Bonck, Aamco, Inc.,
Transmission Tech, Orlando, Florida, June 19, 2009.
QUESTION: What is the art of transmission repair?
"....part changer vs. someone who understands and
overlooks every part and design of the system.
Building... Creating the better system... That's actually
what we do. We take a system from a manufacturer
and those who know what they are doing actually build
a new system using what we know works from the past.
“We are inventors when we have to be. Some times we
redesign a component or a couple of components and
interfaces, sometimes we build a whole new systems
within a system...
“Art and science are the same thing.
“…look at new cars, art and science are one because of
drive by wire--there is no more mechanical controls…
The steering is driven by wire… by the same thing as a
video game joy stick. The new cars are robots. They
are remote control.”

WHAT IS STEM?
A conversation with Rene Bonck, Aamco, Inc.,
Transmission Tech, Orlando, Florida, June 19, 2009.
QUESTION: Define Tech, Engineer and Scientist:
Tech -"repairs and fixes"
Engineer -"designer”
Scientist - "test each component and find new
materials"
QUESTION: Which one are you?
"I am all 3. Fix it. Better way to make it last. We find or
build new parts that are stronger than the parts
manufactured. We engineer and design parts and a
system is stronger. Science is finding out what its
capabilities are... It's like a circle. The art and science is
the learning. The feedback. The governor.”
Rene operates in the world with a transdisciplinary
perspective--Renee is a craftsman, an artist, a scientist,
a philosopher, and an artist.

We are here
Information Age
Input to production
– human knowledge
21st Century
Economic Shift STEM is facilitating
transformation of:
Knowledge
Organizations
Industries
Markets
Technical Systems
Human Capital
Curricula
Social Institutions
Human Identity

We are here
Information Age
Social Institutions
Education
STEM is facilitating
transformation of:
Work
Education
Family
Law
Health
Governance
War
Political Movements
Civil Society
Economy

91
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RwyCyEmnCck/UEjRBEyMwzI/AAAAAAAABvk/gbGUHd6Lyoo/s1600/ar1.jpeg

Simulation-Based Triage Training, Games for Health: Mass
Casualty Care Panel , RTI International

http://www.saysi.orghttp://www.saysi.org

http://www.gadgetspage.com/wp-content/uploads/inside-redbox.jpg

We need to think
beyond these.
v
v

We are here
Social Institutions
Work
transformation of:
Work
Education
Family
Law
Health
Governance
War
Political Movements
Civil Society
Economy
Information Age

http://ae45ipb.wordpress.com/2009/12/31/masa-depan-pertanian-ada-di-tangan-robotikabisakah/

3D Printers That Build Entire Houses: Contour
Craftings Aims To Print 2,500 Square-Foot-Homes
In 20 Hours, International Business Times
By Ryan W. Neal
on October 29 2013 10:08 AM
http://www.ibtimes.com/3d-printers-build-entire-houses-contour-craftings-aims-print-2500-square-foot-homes-20-hours-video
The Contour Crafting 3D printers could
even do the electrical work, plumbing,
tiling, finishing work and painting.

Brian Handwerk
for National Geographic, PUBLISHED DECEMBER 2, 2013
We all know drones can deliver death on the battlefield, but might they also soon
be delivering presents to your door? Amazon.com is counting on it, thanks to the
online retail giant's no-longer-secret "Octocopter" package delivery project.
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/12/131202-drone-uav-uas-amazon-octocopter-bezos-science-aircraft-unmanned-robot/

We are here
Social Institutions
War
transformation of:
Work
Education
Family
Law
Health
Governance
War
Political Movements
Civil Society
Economy
Information Age

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/defence/10587820/US-Army-considers-replacing-thousands-of-troops-with-robots.html

http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2009/03/11/article-0-03D6DCEA000005DC-455_468x306.jpg
http://tctechcrunch2011.files.wordpress.com/2009/08/launching_a_raven_uav.png
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-
zenfT8OlHbc/Un5BN89MQkI/AAAAAAAAGYE/3FHFglntqAY/s1600/UAV+
-+Black_Hornet_Nano_Helicopter_UAV.jpg
http://i.bnet.com/blogs/talon_swords_maars_robots_army.jpg

We are here
World View
transformation of:
Time
Place
Geography
Identity
Subjectivity
Values
Beliefs
Culture
Privacy
Information Age

http://www.ufunk.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/neurowear-mico-2.jpg
http://static.neuerdings.com/1363239348/neurowear-mico-01.jpg
http://www.blogcdn.com/www.engadget.com/media/2013/03/dsc07401.jpg
http://sociorocketnewsen.files.wordpress.com/2013/03/screen-shot-2013-03-16-at-9-
40-57-am.png?w=580&h=362

http://www.tek-lado.com/wp-content/uploads/Necomimi-on-Sale-600x393.jpg

http://neurogadget.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Necomimi-successor-Shippo-brain-controlled-tail-Neurowear-e1348342289528.jpg
Shippo brain-controlled tail Neurowear

113
http://news.yahoo.com/human-cyborg-mcdonald-employees-assaulted-wearing-gear-210139320.html

Gerardo
Caballos of
the National
Autonomous
University of
Mexico
Jan Zalasiewizc, The
Guardian, Sunday 21 June
2015

We are here
New
Economic
Age
(STEM driven change)
Information Age
Input to production
– human knowledge
What is the key technology
shift driving economic change?

2003
Age of
Robotics
Input to production
– artificial labor and
artificial
intelligence
Information Age
Input to production
– human knowledge via
computers
Birth of a New
Economic Age

Why is everyone in U.S. and world
focused on robotics education?

White
Collar
Jobs
Blue
Collar
Jobs
Today’s
Jobs

D-J Engineering, Butler Community College
April 7 to 11, 2008

Specialized
Knowledge &
Skills
Systems
Knowledge &
Skills
Workforce Ed &
CTE Shift

(1) Automation (robotics) is having a significant impact
on the labor market by transforming the input to the
economy (input - artificial labor and artificial
intelligence).
(2) The net effect of the adoption and diffusion of
technology is the transformation of social institutions—
including family, work, school, law, the economy, and
national defense.
(3) The changes in work, the economy and other social
institutions is so profound that it is difficult—if not
impossible— to understand these changes using
traditional measures.

For Dr. Francis X.
“Duke” Kane
liberal education
and the arts are
part and parcel to
STEM education and the cultivation
of the “creativeforce” we need for
the missions ahead. For Duke,
“creativity and collaboration” were
the two necessary qualities to
engender in the education of what he
affectionately called the “Speed of
Light Generation.”

http://www.digitalcitizenship.net/uploads/1stLL.pdf

In 1956, Benjamin
Bloom headed a
group of
educational
psychologists who
developed a
classification of
levels of
intellectual
behavior important
in learning.
Blooms
Taxonomy

Blooms
Taxonomy
Ethical, Cultural, Social
Issues Related to Technology
= Social Studies, English,
Arts, STEM & CTE.

Blooms
Taxonomy
Conceive
Design
Implement
Operate
Self Efficacy
FB
How can we get students to
perform at higher orders of
intellect if schools and
faculty are not prepared for
these higher order tasks as
it relates to the curricula on
a day-to-day, subject-to-
subject basis?

CTE Arts,
A/V Tech and
Communicati
ons and IT
Clusters
Cultural &
Classical Arts
Act 1a. – First
integration movement
Denton ISD Current and Emerging
Pattern Languages

CTE Arts,
A/V Tech and
Communicati
ons and IT
Clusters
Cultural &
Classical Arts
Act 1b. – The way
ahead from students.
Student lead and
defined mission.
Denton ISD Current and Emerging
Pattern Languages

CTE Arts,
A/V Tech and
Communicati
ons and IT
Clusters
Cultural &
Classical Arts
Act 2. – Rearticulation of the whole. Arts-CTE
integration in Act 1 should impact a few academic
teachers and programs because of the natural
relationship among arts and academics. Use the first
success to define a next movement which
incorporates all three stakeholders ARTS-
ACADEMCIS-CTE.
Academic
disciplines Denton ISD Current
and Emerging
Pattern Languages

Innovation Strategy
Platform for Transdisciplinary Programs of Study
Digital Media & Art
Digital Cinema & Photography
Digital Audio & Music
Digital Literacy & Storytelling
Digital Entrepreneurship & Marketing

Innovation Strategy
Transdisciplinary Program of Study
Digital Media & Art
English

Innovation Strategy
Digital Media & Art
Digital
Games

Innovation Strategy
Digital Media & Art
Art

Innovation Strategy
Transdisciplinary Program of Study – Virtually an infinite number
of combinations of humanities, arts and other CTE programs with
Digital
SCC Vision
Digital Media & Art
Connectiondefinedbystudent

SCC Vision
Digital Media & Art
Thesis/Portfo
lio Assessed
Entry
Juried Exit –
Performance, exhibition
and/or capstone project.
Thesis/portfolio development “connecting the dots” through intensives, online and
normally scheduled activities.
Time
Connecting the dots
Connect to 1 or more
academic, art or other CTE
courses
Connect to 2 or more
academic, art or other CTE
courses
Entry Exit

What is the
technology shift
changing the
economy?

Maryland
http://www.eschoolnews.com/news/top-news/news-by-subject/international/index.cfm?i=41342

Maryland Classroom: CTE: Educating Tomorrow’s
Workforce Today, April 2008

Maryland Classroom: CTE: Educating
Tomorrow’s Workforce Today, April 2008

ANTHONY P. CARNEVALE NICOLE SMITH MICHELLE MELTON, “Science, Technology, Engineering
Mathematics”, Georgetown University, Center on Education and the Workforce, October 20, 2012 last
accessed October 28, 2012 at http://cew.georgetown.edu/stem/.
Forecast of STEM Occupational Growth
Georgetown University, Center for Education and the Workforce
Total jobs: STEM occupations will grow
from 6.8 million to 8 million total jobs by
2018.
Job openings: STEM occupations will
provide 2.4 million job openings through
2018, including 1.1 net new jobs and 1.3
replacement jobs due to retirement.

Dennis Vilorio, Occupational Outlook
Quarterly, Spring 2014,
http://www.stemedcoalition.org/wp-
content/uploads/2010/05/BLS-STEM-Jobs-
report-spring-2014.pdf
What are
they
advocating?

DennisVilorio,OccupationalOutlookQuarterly,Spring2014,
http://www.stemedcoalition.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/BLS-STEM-Jobs-report-spring-
2014.pdf
What are they advocating?

CTE’s Time is Now - South Carolina Education and Business Summit

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CTE’s Time is Now - South Carolina Education and Business Summit