HEART BLOOD VESSELS

1. Sheeba Chacko
11nd Year Msc Nursing

2. 2

3.  Arteries - vessels that transport blood away
from the heart
 Veins - return blood back to the heart
 Capillaries - microscopic blood vessels that
allow exchanges between blood and tissues

4.  Tunica externa (adventitia) - outermost layer made of loose
connective tissue. Serves to anchor, protect and prevent
overstretching
 Tunica media - middle layer composed of smooth muscle;
functions in dilation and constriction of blood vessels
 Tunica interna(intima) - innermost layer made of
endothelium (s.squamous epithelium)

7. 1. superior vena cava
2. inferior vena cava
3. pulmonary veins
4. pulmonary trunk (p. artery, Rt & Lt)
5. systemic aorta

9. It includes the arteries and arteriols that carry
oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to
systemic capillaries and the veins and venules that
return deoxygenated blood to the right atrium.

10.  All the systemic arteries branch from the
aorta.
 All the systemic circulation drains in to
superior vena cava, inferior vena cava and
coronary sinuses.

12.  Ascending Aorta
 Arch of aorta
 Thoracic aorta
 Abdominal aorta

13.  The portion of the aorta that emerge from left
ventricle posterior to the pulmonary trunk
which gives off two coronary artery that
supply to the myocardium of the heart.

14.  It is 5 cm in length
 It begins at the aortic valve and ends at the
level of sternal angle where it becomes the
arch of aorta.

15. Ascendin
gaorta
Rt coronary
artery
Post
interventricul
ar branch
Marginal
branch
Lt coronary
artery
Ant
interventricul
lar branch
Circumflex
artery

16.  The ascending aorta turns to the left forming
the arch of aorta which descends and end at
the level of the inter vertebral disc between
the 4th and 5th thoracic vertebrae

17. Arch of aorta
Brachiocephal
ic trunk
Rt subclavian
Rt axillary
Rt Brachial
Rt Radiala
Rt Superior
palmar arch
Rt common
palmar arch
Rt proper
palmar digit
Rt deep
palmar arch
Rt Palmar
metacarpel
Rt Ulnar
Rt vertibral
Rt common
carotid
Rt external
carotid
Rt internal
carotid
Rt anterior
cerebral
Rt middle
cerebral
Lt common
carotid
Lt internal
carotid
Lt anterior
cerebral
Lt middle
cerebral
Lt external
carotid
Lt vertibral Lt axillary

18.  The section of the aorta lies between the arch
of aorta and diaphrum

19. Thoracic
vertebrae
Visceral
branch
pericard
ial
bronchi
al
esophag
eal
mediasi
nal
Parietal
branch
Posterior
intercostal
Sub
costal
Superior
phrenic

20.  It is the continuation of the thoracic aorta. It begins at
the level of the intervertibral disc below the 4th and
5th thoracic vertebrae
 At about the level of 4th lumbar vertebrae the
abdominal aorta divides in to Rt and Lt common iliac
artery

21. Abdominal
aorta
Visceral
branch
Celiac trunk
Lt gastric splenic
Lt gastro
epipboic
pancreatic Short gastric
Common
hepatic
hepatic Rt gastric
gastroduoden
al
Superior
mescenteric
Inferior
pancreato
duodenal
jejunal iliocolic Rt colic Middle colic
Superior renal renal gonadal Inferior
mesenteric
Lt colic
sigmoid
Superior rectal
Parietal branch
Inferior
phrenic
lumbar
Median sacral

22. 22
 Coronary arteries -
VASAVASORUM arising
from aortic sinuses of
Valsalva of Ascending aorta
 Rt CA - from Rt aortic
sinus (ant)
 Lt CA from Lt aortic
sinus(left post)
 Post Aortic sinus - non
coronary
 Max filling of sinuses - in
diastole

23. 23
 Passes to Rt & forwards
b/w infundibulum of Rt ven
& Rt auricle
 Runs downwards in ant AV
groove
 Reaches inf margin of heart;
winds around it to the diaph
surface; runs in post AV
groove
 Ends by anastomosing with
circumflex br of LCA -60%
Conus brs
Ventricular brs
AV nodal br

24. 24
 Rt conus artery- Annulus
of Vieussens
 SA Nodal br – 60%
 Ant atrial branches
 Ant ventr branches
 Rt Marginal artery:
(Largest br)
 Post ventr branches
 Post IV br arises near
CRUX – 70% br of RCA
 Post atrial branches
 AV Nodal artery – 80%
Conus brs
Ventricular brs
AV nodal br

25. Conus brs
Ventricular brs
AV nodal br
25

26. 26
 Origin: Lt Aortic
sinus
 Passes behind
infundibulum of Rt
ventricle
 Length: 0 to 10mm
 Bifurcates into Ant
IV branch (LAD) &
Circumflex artery
Conus brs
Ventricular brs
AV nodal br

27. 27
 Continuation of
LCA
 Extends beyond the
apex, ends by
anastamosing with
post IV artery (br of
RCA)
Branches:
 Ant ventr brs:
i. Diagonal arteries
ii. Lt Conus artery
 Septal branches
Conus brs
Ventricular brs
AV nodal br

28. 28
 Runs in Ant AV groove and post AV groove
 Terminates by anastamosing with RCA near crux
Branches:
i. Atrial brs
ii. Ventr branches
iii. SA nodal
(40% cases)
iv. Lt Marginal
v. Post IV br
(only 10% cases)
vi. Kugel’s artery
vii. AV nodal br
(10-20%)

29.  1. superior vena cava drains
a. azygos system
b. right and left brachiocephalic veins
c. internal jugular and subclavian vein
d. external jugular and axillary
e. cephalic vein (superficial) and brachial vein (deep) which
drains radial, ulnar, median cubital and basilic veins

32.  2. Inferior vena cava drains
a. hepatic vein
b. phrenic vein
c. paired renal veins
d. paired gonadal veins

34. Paired common iliac veins which drain
(1) paired internal iliac veins
(2) paired external iliac veins which drain
(a) femoral veins which drain
1. popliteal veins which drain
a peroneal vein
b anterior and posterior
tibial veins
(b) great saphenous veins

37. THANK YOU