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IEEE Globecom 2010: Mobile Communication and IPv6
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John Loughney
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Presentation at IEEE Globecom in December 2010 on IPv6 and mobile communication.
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IEEE Globecom 2010: Mobile Communication and IPv6
1.
Mobile comunication and IPv6 John Loughney
1 © 2007 Nokia Converged Communication and IPv6 John Loughney 24 May 2007
2.
2
© 2010 Nokia Mobile Communication and IPv6 John Loughney
3.
So what, you
might ask • We will have 4+ billion cellular phones • A growing number are IP capable • Trend toward Always-On applications • Push Email, VoIP, IM, multimedia services • Currently, many operators need to run both a circuit switched and an IP network. This leads to higher CAPEX and OPEX. • LTE is happening now, will be soon doing voice over IP only • In the future, services will migrate to IP. • So the choice is between • IPv4 with NAT frequent Keep-Alives • IPv6 and long lived connections 3 © 2010 Nokia Mobile Communication and IPv6 John Loughney
4.
NATs with keep
alive messages • IPv4 Mobile Devices are usually behind IPv4 NATs • Always on application are becoming more prevalent • Push Email, VoIP, IM, etc. • Applications that want to be reachable need to send periodic Keep-Alives to keep NAT state active • Current NATs require Keep-Alive from 40 seconds to 5 minutes • Need to implement for minimum ( ~30 seconds) • Sending of NAT periodic keep-alive messages decreases mobile device standby time by several days • Not a problem for devices with power cords, but for mobile devices it is a big problem There should be NO The UDP inactivity timer in NATs causes the public Client, Private IPv4 address 1 NATs between the UDP port 6538 to be assigned to a different mobile, if terminal and the server! the mobile does not send any data within a certain amount of time, about every 40 seconds … Client, Private IPv4 address 2 UDP port = 6538 Server, Public IPv4 address 3 4 © 2010 Nokia Mobile Communication and IPv6 John Loughney
5.
Not All NATs
are created equal • UDP and TCP timeouts vary widely • Several different NAT traversal mechanisms are needed • STUN, TURN, ICE, Teredo • All bring additional terminal and network complexity • Additional CAPEX and OPEX • All NAT traversal mechanism do open some security holes. • Even worse, you might be behind different NATs at different times of the day • Home, office, hotspot networks often use different types of NATs. • Each requiring a different traversal mechanism • Performance over 3G is even worse • UMTS radio state management prevents the mobile device from entering sleep mode, often reducing standby time by days. • http://www.niksula.hut.fi/~peronen/publications/haverinen_siren_eronen_vt c2007.pdf 5 © 2010 Nokia Mobile Communication and IPv6 John Loughney
6.
T-Mobile USA IPv6
Trial • IPv6 trial in T-Mobile USA with Symbian phones • Nokia N900 is also supported, using a beta DualStack implementation • T-Mobile USA is using DNS64/NAT64 to get IPv4 connectivity 6 © 2010 Nokia Mobile Communication and IPv6 John Loughney
7.
What else is
going on? • Nokia N900 running Linux • Add-on support for IPv6 Dual Stack • http://n900-ipv6.garage.maemo.org/ • https://code.google.com/p/n900ipv6/wiki/README • http://code.google.com/p/n900ipv6/wiki/LDPreloadNat64 7 © 2010 Nokia Mobile Communication and IPv6 John Loughney
8.
Problems we are
finding • Lack of support for IPv6 in applications • Applications that are not using standard socket calls or other ‘tricks’ • Servers that are IPv4 only • Use of IPv4 literal addresses • NAT problems • multilevel NATs • poor quality code in some NATs. 8 © 2010 Nokia Mobile Communication and IPv6 John Loughney
9.
Take-away thoughts • I
want my device to help me to communication, but I cannot communicate with an IP address or if my battery is dead. • IPv6 is the only scalable technology to enable multiple services, interconnecting with other networks. • IPv6 is now. 9 © 2010 Nokia Mobile Communication and IPv6 John Loughney
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