1. Building open and
inclusive policymaking:
next steps for Finland?
Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Justice joint seminar
Open and inclusive policy making in Finland
25 April 2008
Joanne Caddy, OECD/GOV

2. past present future
Date of first introduction of FOI laws
Pre-1950 1
1951-1960 1
1961-1970 1
1971-1980 3
1981-1990 7
1991-2000 11
2 6 12
Number of OECD Member countries

3. Why bother with public
engagement?
Instrumental
• Better outcomes at less cost
• Innovative solutions
• Responding to greater diversity
• Leveraging resources and knowledge
• Higher compliance 2005 OECDMinisterial meeting
Rotterdam
“More open and inclusive policy making
Intrinsic can strengthen trust in government,
• Democracy thereby contributing to social stability”
• Greater trust

4. Who are we
engaging?
Ratio of population
over 65 in Finland
2000 = 15
2005 = 16
2030 = 26
sunnydelishgirl

5. Open & inclusive policy making
Working definition
• Open and inclusive policy making is transparent, accessible and
responsive to as wide a range of citizens as possible.
Key questions
1. How have governments applied the 2001 OECD 10 guiding
principles for information, consultation and active participation?
2. What are the main barriers for the “willing but unable” and for those
who are “able but unwilling”?

6. Ten guiding principles
!Commitment
!Rights
!Clarity
!Time
!Objectivity
!Resources
!Co-ordination
!Accountability
!Evaluation
!Active citizenship

7. Most progress in applying OECD principles

8. Most difficulty in applying OECD principles

9. Barriers faced by willing but unable

10. Able but unwilling

11. Resources invested

12. Open & We have data... making
inclusive policy
• Part I: Trends
– Comparative data from governments in 23 OECD member countries
+ Chile + Slovenia + European Commission
– Data from CSOs in 14 OECD member countries + Slovenia
• Part II: Cases
– 12 cases from CAN, FRA, NOR, GER, TUR, KOR, NZ,
NL, FIN, CH, UK
• Part III: Voices
– 13 opinion pieces by academics, civil society
practitioners, youth, oversight institutions in 11 countries
Photo by mollycakes

13. Building the future today
Pull
Weight
Push
Sohail Inayatullah www.metafuture.org

14. Journey to the edge
online participation in New Zealand and other stories

17. A journey in 4 stages
hearing voices
building community
drafting naked
test driving

18. hearing voices
Why participate?
•“I’m a bit of a joiner junkie… “ (gemma)
•“How would they ever know if you didn’t tell them?” (harold)
•“I’m not as active as I want to be, but I’m interested.” (rangi)
What makes participation satisfying?
•“I want feedback” (dick)
• “Success breeds momentum” (anne)
• “I gained new skills” (yan)

19. building community

20. drafting naked
What’s a wiki? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dnL00TdmLY

22. test driving policy

23. insights from the edge
• Innovation/leadership
• New ideas/wider source
• Agency capacity/implementation
• Living document/permanent beta
• Testing/learning/sharing
• wiki platform daunting for some
• failure to reach out to M!ori, Pasifika and
other ethnic groups

24. enabling transformation
“Transformed government will call for a different way
of working – one where networks, not hierarchy,
are the focus. This raises fundamental questions about
the future. Does the ‘new system’ threaten the integrity of
the existing one? More specifically, what are the
implications for personal privacy or parliamentary
accountability? Are there other ways of meeting these
accountabilities? If so, what are they and how do they work?
What is the balance of cost and benefit?
These questions arise from e-government, but their
answers require discourse and a work programme
that go beyond e-government.”

25. Participative
web
The day of the long tail
http://www.youtube.c
om/watch?v=7xAA7
1Ssids

26. Who will drive this transformation?
Public
administrations
Politicians
Civil society
Business

27. Our common challenges
• Understanding and adapting to change
• Mainstreaming public engagement
• Ensuring coherence across government
• Integrating user-generated content
• Leveraging co-production

28. Our assets
The power of (government held) information
1997 Policy framework for
New Zealand Government-
held information
The power of us

29. Our options
• Go where the action is Photo by Unhindered by Talent
• Support innovation inside/out
• Build safe space for pilots but avoid paralysis
• Plan to mainstream/upscale/disseminate
• Harness leading edge users
• Build collaborative platforms and culture
• Use stories, foster networks and mentors
• Do sound risk assessment
• Prepare to manage success!

30. it!
• Websites
– TedTalks
– Demos
– Dialogue by design
– WorldChanging
– Web 2.0 WorkGroup
– CISCO - The Connected Republic 2.0
– Ascentum – DialogueCircles
– RED Design Council
• People
– Charles Leadbeater (WeThink) + Hilary Cottam (RED UK Design Council) “The User-
generated State: Public Services 2.0”
– Carolyn J. Lukensmeyer (AmericaSpeaks)
– Lawrence Lessig (Creative Commons)
– Jimmy Wales (Wikipedia)
– Chris Anderson (Long Tail)
– Jeremy Gould (Whitehall Webby)
– William Heath (Ideal Government – Kable)
– Tom Steinberg (mysociety.org)

31. it!
• Day of the Long Tail
• Web 2.0 ... The Machine is Us/ing Us
• Commoncraft: Wikis in Plain English
• Commoncraft: Social networking in Plain
English
• Commoncraft: RSS in Plain English
• America Speaks: Engaging Citizens in
Governance
• Medieval Help Desk (Norwegian w subtitles)

32. For further information,
please contact:
joanne.caddy@oecd.org