Public Speaking Like a Pro
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Debbie Trueblood, Executive Director, Illinois Park and Recreation Association
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Public Speaking Like a Pro
- 1. Public Speaking Like a Pro Debbie Trueblood, MSW, IOM, CAE Executive Director, Illinois Park and Recreation Association June 2019, Webinar 1
- 2. Description Public speaking is uncomfortable for many people, but it is also a key part of numerous professional positions. You might not have to present at a conference, but you might find yourself addressing the parents of your campers, giving a training to your season staff, or speaking at a Board meeting. This session will cover tips for public speaking like a pro to help you prepare, engage your audience, make a persuasive argument, or educate your attendees. 2
- 3. Learning Objectives • Analyze what techniques public speakers use and identify which techniques work best for you. • Develop skills to become more comfortable and confident when you speak to an audience. • Implement techniques to help you present more effectively. 3
- 4. But First, a Story… • What happened? • How did I handle it? • What was the result? 4
- 5. Participation Survey Use the webinar system to respond with the letter that best suits you or the average for the group in the room with you. What is your level of public speaking anxiety? A. I’m comfortable speaking in front of any size crowd. B. I’m comfortable speaking if the audience is up to 100 people, even if I don’t know them well. C. I’m comfortable speaking if the audience is up to 50 people, preferably if I know some of them and I know they will support me. D. If I were presenting in front of just my colleagues I would be nervous about it. E. I am nervous even thinking about speaking in front of people. 5
- 6. Participation Survey Use the webinar system to respond with the letter that best suits you or the average for the group in the room with you. What level of public speaking experience do you have? A. Frequently present to audiences outside my agency. B. Present only occasionally to groups outside my agency. C. Have presented a few/several times, but only within my own agency. D. Have never given a professional presentation. 6
- 7. Group Discussion Use the webinar system to respond: • What are some example of public speaking in your professional roles? 7
- 8. Why? • Why is it important to learn public speaking skills? • Glassophobia- or fear of public speaking may hold you back from finishing/pursuing your education, receiving an appropriate salary, or prevent promotions or other opportunities. 8
- 9. Getting Attendees’ Attention • Begin with stories, jokes, shocking statistics, song/music, show of hands, group physical activity, ice breaker, etc. • Be authentic first. • Appropriate for the setting & audience level. • 1-2 minutes max. 9
- 10. Preparation is Unique to the Format Think about how you would prepare- • To speak to your local parent group? • To speak to your agency board? • To testify before congress? • To speak at a conference? • To give a keynote? 10
- 11. Format: Parents • Expectation is for details- – What do they need to know? – What steps do they have to take? – What happened? – What to expect? • Keep it brief. • Send home the information on paper and/or via technology • Consider language barriers and have interpreters if you can (including ASL) • Ensure they have time to ask questions 11
- 12. Format: Educational Sessions • Expectation is for “take a ways”. • Incorporate stories, charts, photos, and discussions. • Meet your educational objectives. • Appropriate professional level. • For case studies, don’t just tell what you did. 12
- 13. Format: Podium Speeches (E.g.: graduation speeches, advocacy presentations, etc.) • Mostly memorized/don’t read. • Tell simple, memorable stories. • Not too many statistics or lists of numbers. • Use your voice to build enthusiasm. • Close with a call to action. • Elbows down. Step back to clap. 13
- 14. Format: Keynote Addresses • Slides: 0-10 slides total. • A lot less “meaty”. • Memorized. Walk to create movement. • Keep the subject matter broad/higher level. • Close with a story or call to action. 14
- 15. Know Your Audience • What level of professionals/public are you speaking to? • If it is for everyone- have specifics at different levels. • Learn and use appropriate terminology for your audience. – E.g. for parents and kids, use the same name for things that you use in your brochure/registration materials. 15
- 16. Technological Challenges/ Preparedness • Murphy’s Law of AV: The importance of the presentation is directly related to the likelihood that the tech will fail. • Bring a flash drive (not Wi-Fi reliant), clicker, batteries, connector cord, and at least one hard copy. • Have a backup plan for videos. • If it fails, don’t waste time. 16
- 17. Making an Impact • Attendees are smart, talented, innovative people. • Use research, philosophy, theory, science, math, photos, stories, and experiences. • Don’t stop at a “how to” – move to implementation and results. • Use a unique perspective. Cause attendees to think differently. 17
- 18. Be Dynamic • Be yourself, but bring your “A Game”. • Passion and practice will increase confidence. • Smile, emote, use gestures and movement. • Tell real stories. • Don’t read slides. 18
- 19. Microphones • Microphone type determines movement. • Wear something with a pocket. • Don’t just yell. • Repeat questions (because you have the mic) 19
- 20. Use Attendees’Time Respectfully • Be so comfortable that you can adjust/follow feedback. • Reflect the professional level. • Start on time, but plan for less time. • Bring a small clock/practice with a timer. • Honor attendees’ knowledge/manage discussion. • Avoid scribes and multi-layered recaps. • If you’re there to speak, don’t just facilitate. • Use group activities sparingly. 20
- 21. Use a Mix of Communication Styles • Opportunities to read, share, or do. • Use real life examples, stories, images, photos, charts, and statistics. • Activities for introverts and extroverts. • Repeat key concepts. • Answer questions along the way. 21
- 22. Presentation Slides • Add to your slides verbally/use notes when you practice. • Reduce the words and the number of slides. • Have someone else proofread. • If you wrote your slides the night before they were presented, you likely didn’t practice enough. • If you don't know what slide is coming next, you likely haven't practiced enough. 22
- 23. Practicing Mark Twain said, "It usually takes me more than three weeks to prepare a good impromptu speech.” • Pick a subject you are very familiar with. • Scope out the space, practice there if possible. • Avoid “winging it” (even for short speeches). • Practice it the way you plan to present it (walking, volume, gestures). 23
- 24. Managing Stress/Nerves • Prepare, but stop worrying. • Get a good night sleep. • Bring a (clear) drink. • Greet audience members. • Confidence & content reduce boredom & judgement. • Talking fast, shaking, looking down, reading slides- practice more. • You are helping people- no need to be nervous. 24
- 25. Managing Distractions • Confidence and content. • Teach a new perspective. • Build a relationship with the attendees. • Smile/nod your head. • Look at a friendly face for support. • Be a good listener for others. 25
- 26. Body Language/ Gestures/Eye Contact • Watch Amy Cuddy’s Ted Talk, "Your body language may shape who you are.“ • Use eye contact, gestures, movement, vary emotions, vary vocal speed/volume. • Confidence (fake it if you have to). • Videotape your practice. • Practice gestures to avoid, “what do I do with my hands?” • Share a moment with multiple people, multiple times. 26
- 27. Confidence • Be nerdy for your topic. • Believe in yourself or no one else will. • Don’t apologize for flaws. • Dress one step up. • Accessorize for confidence. 27
- 28. Practice Idea Pick something you are “nerdy” about like a hobby, a sports team, a movie, an author, an aspect of your job, etc. and tell a friend about it. • Be aware of your gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, etc. • Same skills as public speaking 28
- 29. Feedback Use the webinar system to respond: Based on what we learned today, what are some of the things you plan to implement? 29
- 30. Today We • Analyzed what techniques public speakers use and identify which techniques work best for you. • Developed skills to become more comfortable and confident when you speak to an audience. • Implemented techniques to help you present more effectively. 30
- 32. Thank You for Your Time! 32 Debbie Trueblood, MSW, IOM, CAE Executive Director Illinois Park and Recreation Association 536 East Avenue LaGrange, IL 60525 debbie@ilipra.org 708-588-2280 www.ilipra.org
Notes de l'éditeur
- ASAE Utah story/AV/ positive response/national presentations
- ¼ mark, 9:47 AM What challenges do you have about public speaking? Why is it important to learn public speaking skills? Glassophobia- or fear of public speaking may hold you back from finishing/pursuing your education, receiving an appropriate salary, or prevent promotions or other opportunities.
- If I started with a joke, it wouldn’t feel natural. Today I started with a story. But, I do like a show of hands. I typically open with what I plan to teach you today and close by repeating the same things to remind people what they learned. If you use an "opener," don't drag on for so long that within 60 seconds you haven't gotten to your point.
- Don’t answer these questions, ask them to think about it. We’re going to go into more details. These are all very different.
- Use details, maybe even check lists.
- Circle back to your objectives. Keep the information high level. Keep it meaty. CEUs play a role in this-be accountable. For case studies tell us the science behind why you did it that way and what the outcome was.
- You want these speeches to be personal, memorable- not all of it, but some part of it. They will likely remember the stories you told, not the quotes you repeated. Think of a great sermon you’ve heard. You don’t necessarily need to blow the roof off the place, but you can still give people a message that leaves them thinking about what you said a few days later. Should be a point that you keep coming back to, and your stories should exemplify that point.
- Half way mark, 10:05 AM You want to keep the subject broad because your audience is more likely to be a mix of different professions, skill levels, etc. Great speakers may choose to close with a dramatic story that has people crying. We had a keynote at our conference who was so high energy he closed with a full ten-minute dance solo. I have no idea what his take away was, but he was one of our highest evaluated speakers to date. One of my favorites was Kat Cole, the CEO of Cinnabon. She spoke about her life, her service projects in Africa, and how she achieved her success. I honestly have no idea what specifically I was supposed to do with that information, but I loved it.
- You don’t want to dumb it down to make for everyone. Just add layers. Don’t be generic. For example, I do a presentation on job hunting. I use the same outline but alter the specifics when I’m talking to college students vs. CEOs. I have received great evaluations for both groups, but I don’t use the same advice. Appropriate terminology- for example, “agency," "organization," or "association" may be correct, but one may be most effective. In my organization in parks and recreation, while more than half of our members work at “park districts” I always tell speakers to refer to them as “park and recreation agencies” which is more inclusive and less divisive politically.
- Despite all my best preparations, about once a year I get somewhere and realize, the version I have on my flash drive is the PDF version, not the power point. Or, I didn’t save the most recent version. Or the Wi-Fi is down. Or I saved it onto my device and the battery died. I have had the tech go totally down and presented using only my own paper copy. Our conference is often at the Hyatt Regency Chicago- their conference space is up to five stories below ground. Wi-Fi signal is not great, nor is cellular service. If you think you’re going to read something on your phone as your backup plan, this may not work. If the videos you plan to show are required for the audience to understand your message, what is your backup plan? If it fails, don’t spend a lot of time trying to fix it. Devote a minute or two, and then delegate it or move to a low-tech alternative. Don’t waste the time of the smart, talented people who came to learn. Have you ever seen this? A full room comes to a complete stop because the speaker has a video and the audio works on the computer, but not loud enough for everyone to hear?
- Your job is to cause the attendees to think differently. Go deeper, use a new perspective. Some of the attendees could do your session, or maybe they already have. So, build off what they know and go deeper. Be unique- that doesn’t mean naming your session with some silly catchphrase or pop culture reference like “Pokémon Go and Marketing for Millennials.” You want your attendees to walk away saying, “I have never thought about it like that before.” Think of how author Malcolm Gladwell takes concepts you know and puts them together, drawing conclusions you might not have reached on your own. …That’s what attendees expect from an expert. Examples- I do a session on designing mentoring programs for associations to use which builds membership recruitment, retention, engagement. Example: I do a session on job hunting and I include a “pop quiz” at the end using real resume and cover letter samples to immediately use what we learned. Example: Last week I presented on “Glass Ceiling” issues- I wanted to be intentional about covering aspects of the issue that other speakers might not cover, including representation of women in media, the power of educating young girls, etc.
- While you can’t teach someone how to be dynamic… Be aware that a person who is in a good mood (had their coffee), is confident, well-rehearsed, and passionate about the subject matter will come across as more interesting as someone who is reading their own slides. Use your own voice- don't act- but emote bigger for emphasis. Smile- it shouldn't feel fake- it should come naturally because you enjoy the subject matter. Speak from the heart- tell stories about your experiences
- We earned a If the microphone is attached- you can’t move around. If it is handheld, this means you have a clicker in one hand and a microphone in the other and can’t gesture. If it is a lavalier, you need to have some place to attach it and a pocket or belt. In my industry, we don’t wear business jackets all the time, so if I’m wearing a dress with a sweater for example, I’m stuck walking around holding the battery pack. The “I don’t need a microphone, I have a loud voice” isn’t realistic over an audience of about 25 or even a medium size room. Don’t do it. Repeat questions or comment to the entire room because you have the microphone.
- Know your subject matter and be flexible in your presentation based on their feedback. If you have slides, flexibility may mean skipping some or spending more time on others. Starting and ending on time is a must but know that you will likely start a few minutes late due to latecomers, so expect to have less time. Otherwise, you will find you suddenly have less time than what you prepared for. Plan for time spent on content outside of your control. Determine whether someone is introducing you or you are introducing yourself, as well as whether announcements are planned at the start or end of your session, so you can factor that in for your time. Have you ever seen it where a person is going to speak after awards are presented or other announcements and by the time we get to the speaker they have half the time they expected? Bring a clock and set it within eyesight so you can pace yourself without looking at a watch, or logging into your phone. If your tech fails you, you won’t have the clock on the screen, either. Practice your presentation out loud—using a timer—a day or two before the session to help you plan your pacing. Most speakers use the same presentation, with minor edits, for sessions of different durations. Practicing it a day or two out with a timer will help you solidify your pacing specific to that event. Timing- when you practice, use the time allotted for the real speech to practice it. Determine where you should be in your slides at the quarter mark, half way mark, and wrap up. Mark your slides and maybe even make a post-it note and place it near your clock in your session, so you know that at "by 10:45 you should be talking about x" and then be comfortable enough to adjust as you go. Your audience is just people like you and by showing up for your presentation, they have already expressed interest in what you have to say, they are already on your side- you have to do badly to lose their support. Avoid: “Discuss in a group and pick a scribe; now have your scribe tell the rest of the group what your small group talked about.” Even if someone learns by speaking, they don’t have to speak to the whole room. It can be just as effective for the learners if you say: “You have about five minutes. Chat with the people near you. Tell each other how you might use this information when you get home.” And then move on without all the recaps. Activities should reflect the professional level. For example, I recently saw a presentation on “communication” this included a group activity with kids’ stickers and toys. Even if the session was helpful, the survey results reflect the attendees were insulted. Don’t get bogged down in discussion. I say things like “Ok- one more comment and then we’ll move on.” Or, “This is a great discussion, but I want to make sure we have time to meet our objectives.” If you’re there to speak, don’t just facilitate. Remember, they expect YOU to educate them, don’t just facilitate. Add to the information.
- ¾ mark, 10:22 AM Yes, different people learn or absorb information by reading, listening, speaking, or doing. Yes, different people learn more using stories, images, charts, graphs, or statistics. Metaphors and real life stories help attendees connect with what you have to say and connect with your experience. Try a story, an image, a photo, charts, graphs or statistics. - But, it doesn’t have to be the most time-consuming version. Remember your audience includes introverts and extroverts-not everyone wants to stand up and report to a room full of strangers. Say it simply and say it repeatedly until they get it. Sometimes I actually say, “If there’s one thing I want you to walk away today remembering it is…” by verbally highlighting the phrase, people will listen to what comes next. Be humble and acknowledge the attendees’ skills/experience/talent on the subject. Answering questions- stay calm, be confident in your answers, and if you don't know the answer try, "I don't have that information available with me today but leave your card and I'll get it to you." Don't shy away just because someone asks a question about your information. As people are asking you questions, smile and create a warm environment.
- Don’t Use the slides as a script Add to your slides with pre-planned key concepts or activities. Use slides because the visual focus is helpful for some. I’m seeing more and more often the really high level professional keynotes might use just 6-10 slides for a 60-90-minute presentation. Challenge yourself to only put a few key points on a slide. Use the “notes” area under your slides to give you ideas on what else you planned to say. If you use slides, you have support if your mind goes blank. Rule of thumb if you're using slides- if you don't know what slide is coming next, you haven't practiced enough. If you wrote your slides the night before they were presented, you probably didn’t allow yourself time to rehearse. Reduce the amount of information per slide. Reduce the number of slides. Have someone else proofread.
- For one of my events each year, there 1,700 people. There are four us as main speakers. We have a professional director, producer, stage manager, and rehearse for five hours that week. It should look flawless, but that doesn’t just happen. Be well researched and knowledgeable about your topic. Pick a subject you are very familiar with. Practice in your "stage voice". Mark Twain said, "It usually takes me more than three weeks to prepare a good impromptu speech.” If you really need practice, consider taking classes in improvisation to get comfortable on stage and with the idea that whatever happens will be okay. If you can, look at the room where you'll be speaking before you present. It helps you to get your brain around the size of the audience. Avoid improv- while there are people who truly speak so frequently that they can do wing it, most people who choose to wing it, probably shouldn't have. Practice it the way you plan to present it- if you intend to walk around, walk around when you practice. When you have a short speech- such as a "welcome" a "greeting" or a presentation within a board meeting, keep it brief. Don't "wing it", practice as you would for a longer speech. The short ones are more challenging in many ways. For a very large presentation, practice in the space if possible.
- When you get nervous, remember you are there to help others, it isn't about you. Prepare, but at some point, you have to stop worrying about it. Before your speech, take a few deep breaths. Get a good night sleep the night before. Bring a drink with you- stress can cause dry mouth. Clear liquids only. Imagine the audience as your friends who just want to support you. Greet audience members before hand- it helps both speaker and listener to build a connection. You will make mistakes. That's okay. Confidence & content reduce boredom and judgement. If you are comfortable and conveying interesting information, you will likely hold the audience's attention more and they will spend less time focusing on your flaws. Everyone is nervous but take a deep breath and do your best. Each time it gets easier. If you intend to speak out loud, speak out loud- practicing hurriedly by yourself quietly won’t give you the confidence of practice when you go to present in a very different environment. Nerves can lead to talking fast, if that happens, just acknowledge it and take a breath. Shaking? Looking down? Reading your slides? – these all improve with practice. Remember that your purpose is inform and engage. If you're helping people, why be nervous about that?
- You can’t realistically ask your audience to put their phones down. But you can do things to keep their attention- remember the assumption that your audience is smart and talented people and the assumption that your job isn’t to tell them what they already know, but to flip it on its head and teach them a new perspective on that info. If you do that, they’ll put their phones away. There is a relationship between the speaker and the listeners. When you find you’re struggling as a speaker, find someone in the audience who is engaged, smiling at you, and when you need to, look back at them for their vote of support. When you as a speaker nod your head, human behavior suggests your engaged listeners will nod back to you. This helps you to know if your message is being heard. Practice being a good listener for other people’s speeches. When someone is speaking, once they lose the room it is nearly impossible to get it back, so be respectful- if you need to make a call, leave the room, if you need to do work on your computer, take it outside, keep your head up and engage the speaker (what goes around comes around).
- Watch Amy Cuddy’s Ted Talk, "Your body language may shape who you are." Use your body in communicating- both by gestures and emotions as well as by moving around a bit to create enthusiasm. I do this by talking to different audience members in different parts of the room. We had another keynote one year who was an economist- to make it less dry he did these quirky gestures throughout using his body to portray charts and graphs. To this day our members refer to him as the [do the movement] guy”. I saw a speaker once-he was on a stage a little bit higher up than us. He knelt on one knee to be eye to eye with an audience member to have a moment with her. I couldn’t see his face anymore, but I could hear him clearly on the microphone. The entire room fell into a hush. That’s what eye contact can do. When I smile at you- human behavior is that you might smile back at me. When I make eye contact with a single person and we “share a moment” publicly and on the microphone, even though it is just with one person, the rest of the audience perceives the connection as more powerful and significant than if I’m talking broadly to the entire room. Don’t look over people’s heads. Don’t look at just one or two people. Your engagement causes their engagement. Look people in the eye- people respond positively to it. Eye contact builds engagement. Engage the audience by eye contact, answering questions as you go, asking people questions to share their answers with the group, small discussion, large discussion, etc. If you’re reading, you’re turning your back. One of the reasons you want to be well rehearsed if that if you're reading much of your slides, you're also turning your back to them to look at the screen or putting your head down to read the computer screen. Be aware of pauses, "ums", awkward/nervous gestures. Walk your space. This is especially helpful if your audience is not engaged. The movement helps people stay awake. But don't overdo the walking. When it doubt, walking around more, making eye contact, etc. all helps. Head up/back straight. This helps to convey confidence even if you're faking it. Vary your gestures, your vocal speed, and your volume to show emphasis. Ultimately, you want your gestures to support what you're saying- not to be clownish or all over the place. One option in practicing is to videotape your rehearsal and view it yourself to identify "ums," fidgeting, and weird gestures. Practice- even your body language, preferably in the shoes you will wear. By practicing gestures, you will avoid the sensation that you "don't know what to do with your hands."
- Believe in your message. If you don't believe what you're saying with confidence, no one else will either. It is true that whatever you look like, when you stand up in front of people, people are looking at you and will notice those things especially on those jumbo screens. You can’t change your self-declared flaws for your presentation, but you can own them, be confident anyway, and dress appropriately. Women- certain jewelry, shoes, or accessories might help you to feel more confident. Dress for your audience, but just one-half step better. When you feel passionately about something, everyone can tell. We see it on your face, we hear it in your voice, we hear it in the way you talk and the details you use. Select topics which make you feel that way.
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