Practical research-final

EFFECTS OF INCREASED NUMBERS OF OUT-OF-SCHOOL YOUTH
IN THE PEACE AND ORDER IN BARANGAYLOGAN
A Quantitative Study Presented to the Faculty of
Zamboanga Sibugay National High School
Senior High School Curriculum
Pangi, Ipil Zamboanga Sibugay
In partial fulfillment of the requirements on
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
By
Canete, Vincent
Dai, Ryan A.
Egano, Carl Marie N.
Garrido, Ashley Faith C.
Inguillo, Rose Ann A.
Ocsudan, Eshell L.
Omerez, Jonalyn
HUMSS GALILEO
March 2020

Acknowledgement
The research study become a reality with the kind and help of
many individuals we would like to extend our sincere thanks to all of
them.
Foremost, we want to offer this endeavor to our almighty God for
the wisdom he bestowed upon us, the strength, peace of mind and
good health in order to finish this research.
We would like to express our special gratitude and thanks to our
Practical Research teacher, Mrs. Marvel S. Malaque for imparting her
knowledge and expertise in this study. Also, for the guidance and
constant supervision of the study.
We are highly indebted to the respondents of the study for their
honest and cooperative response to all the questions solicited in this
study.
Lastly, our thanks and appreciation to our colleagues and people
who have willingly helped us out with their abilities.

Dedication
First of all, we dedicate this research to our beloved God, who
had given us wisdom, knowledge, and strength to pursue our goal in
this study.
Secondly, we dedicate this research to our beloved teachers in
Practical Research teacher, Mrs. Marvel S. Malaque for giving us the
opportunity to show our skills in doing this research and for the
knowledge, guidance, for having patience, and for being approachable
when we have questions, confusions and to all our needs in this
research.
Lastly, we also dedicate this to our fellow students and to all
respondents for supporting us for this study. We hope and pray that
this research paper has a contribution both to the school and to the
community.

Acknowledgement I
Dedication II
Table of contents
Page no.
CHAPTER I
Background of the study …………………………………………………………1
Statement of the problem …………………………………………………………2
Significance of the study ….…………………………………………………….3-4
Scope and delimitation …………………………………………………….….5
CHAPTER II
Conceptual literature …….……………………………………….…………6-7
Theoretical framework ……………………………………………….……….8
Conceptual framework …………………………………………….…….…..9
Definition of terms ……………………………………………………….10-11
CHAPTER III (METHODOLOGY)
Research design ……………………………………………………….12
research process ……………………………………………………….13-14
Research respondents ……………………………………………………….15
Research instruments ……………………………………………….………15-17
Statistical treatment ……………………………………………….………18-19
CHAPTER IV
Presentation and Analysis of The Data …………………………………….20-29

CHAPTER V
Summary …………………………………………………………………. 30
Conclusion …………………………………………………………………. 31
Recommendation …………………………………………………………………. 32
Bibliography
Appendix

CHAPTER I
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.1 Introduction
The increasing numbers of out-of-school youth in our country
especially in our community continues to be the most prevailing
problems. There’s a lot of reasons why most of the youth choose to
stay at home rather than in school because of financial problem.
Youth can be deemed at risk for a number of circumstances
including poverty, juvenile delinquency, neighborhood violence, and
school dropout.
Deprived of completing high school education, the out of school
youth is further marginalized from acquiring technical skills. As
mandated by the law, technical education in the Philippines is a post-
secondary course.
The main purpose of this study is to determine: the causes; the
effects and the possible intervention of continuously increasing
numbers of out-of-school youth (OSY) and to be able to maintain the
peace and order in the Barangay Logan, Ipil Zamboanga Sibugay.

1.2 Problem Statement
This study aims to determine the effects of continuously
increased in numbers of out-of-school youth (OSY) in the peace and
order in Barangay Logan.
Specifically, it sought to answer the following question:
1. What are the most important factors that influence the peace
and order in Barangay Logan among out-of-school youth?
2. What is the significant relationship of age profile of out -of-
school youth in the peace and order of Barangay Logan?
3. What is the relationship between the increased in numbers of
out-of-school youth in the peace and order of Barangay Logan?
4. How does the increased in numbers of out-of-school youth affect
the peace and order in Barangay Logan?
2

1.3 Significance of The Study
This study is important to determine the effects of increased in
numbers of out-of-school youth in the peace and order in Barangay
Logan.
This study will be beneficial to the following individuals:
Barangay Officials - they have the control to maintain a well-
organized and peaceful community. Through this study the barangay
officials can benefit from it.
Teachers - They build a warm environment, mentor and nurture
students, become role models, and listen and look for signs of trouble.
Participate in the decision making to deal with problems affecting
students and encouraging every student to finish their studies.
SK Chairperson - They must promulgate in giving more opportunities
and encouraging the youth to become an active individual not only in
the community but in school as well.
Parents - should provide more awareness to their children of what
would be the advantages and the disadvantages if they don’t finish
their studies. They should also open their minds to find ways to send
their children in school; and provide proper guidance in securing their
children to go in the right path.
3

Youth – They should encourage each other on how important it is to
study hard and finish their schooling. This study may also help in terms
of giving ideas what the out-of-school youth can do if they cannot
afford in going to school.
Future Researchers – This study will also help them in providing
ideas, to understand the cause and effect of increased in numbers of
out of school youth in the peace and order of a particular community.
Through this they can get initial information that will serve as a guide
for them to make their own research.
4

1.4 Scope and Delimitation
This study aims to determine the effects of out-of-school youth
(OSY) specifically in barangay Logan, Ipil Zamboanga Sibugay, year
2019-2020. Purposive sampling procedure was used in selecting the
participants in this study. The selections of respondents are sonly
limited, ages 15-30 years old, since there lots of people in Barangay
Logan, Ipil Zamboanga Sibugay who cannot attend formal school.
Furthermore, the researchers used a survey research design to
gather information., the respondents will be given a check list types of
questionnaire. The research is designed to have a thorough knowledge
of the problems of the youth on why they cannot attend a formal
school.
5

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDY
2.1 Conceptual Literature
According to the study conducted by the quality learning
foundation more than 60,000 students some kinds of felonies or crimes
and had to enter juvenile observation and protection center. All these
youth will face with social problems. However, there is another group
of youth who were faced with financial problems and entered the child
labor market to support their families, as a result only about a half of
students about 580,000 succeeded in completing their compulsory
education (Bangkok B12. News, March 10,2015, p 15, 2015)
Furthermore, the problem that result from this are not only the
problems of the drop out youth, but they could lead to other bigger
issues, such as crime and labor skills problems as well. An American
study has revealed that "out-of-school" youth are 7 times more likely
to put themselves at risk than children in school and even live a
shorter life span than regular youth by 9 Years (Soopanyo et. al 2016)
According to Dube (2011) as cited by Synder, and Sickmund in
Ingersoll and Leboeut (2015). Youth who are not in school and not in
the labor force are at high risk of delinquency and crime. Lochner and
Moretti (2013) find that in some European Societies compelling
Children to remain in school decreases the likelihood of their
committing crime and going to jail.
6

In the U.S Harlaw (2016) provides evidence that shows that
three quarters of State of prison inmates and 59% of federal prison
inmates were school dropouts.
According to Catteral (2015), drop-outs are 3-5 times more likely
than grade 12 graduates. The chances of becoming social deviants
decrease with the duration of Schooling.
In addition, there are students who still trek long distance to
school, perhaps, due to high transport fairs. And as such, education
experts have often highlighted why parents need to factor the
distances their children cover daily to and from school, whether by car
or on foot.
Tafere (2015) stated that out-of-school youth are always the
successors of the throne poverty baguette to them by their parents or
graduation. They may be interested in finishing formal schooling yet
poverty force them to leave out school.
Thus, the basic education needs of the school-age Filipino
population who are out-of-school and all those who dropped out from
school are catered by the Bureau of Alternative Learning System
(BALS). It is through this Bureau that the mandate in education for all
Out-of-schools individuals through alternative learning interventions
are promoted, improved, monitored and evaluated (Mochico, A. L &
Moenica A. A, 2017)
7

2.2 Theoretical Framework
Schooling, according to the human capital theory, is an
investment (patron,2008). Schooling generates higher future income
for individuals and enhances economic development in a society
(McMahon, 1998; Patron, 2008).
The phenomenon of young people dropping out of school affects
government, individuals, societies and the labor market. The effects of
dropping out challenges self-sufficiency, self-esteem, and the ability to
make educated choices (knowing what options an individual has).
8

2.3 Conceptual Framework
The graph below shows a relationship between the two variables,
which is the independent and dependent variable.
 Poverty
 Distance
from to
school
Increased numbers of out-
of-school youth
Peace and order
Dependent variable
Independent variable
The graph shows above a relationship between the two variables
which is the independent and dependent variables. The poverty and
distance from home to school are the factors that will result to the
increased numbers of out of school youth that will affect to the peace
and order.
9

2.4 Definition of Terms
The following are the operational terms would give
enlightenment to the terminologies use in the search.
Child labor – children are focused to work like adults and take part in
an economic activity.
Drop-out youth - a youth who stop going to school before he /she
finish from schooling
Education – the action or process of teaching in a school, college or
university.
Felonies - a disturbances of the community which affects to the peace
and order of a barangay.
Financial problem – or financial pressure is a situation where money
is causing you stress. You are not able to meet your bills on time of
afford necessary basic needs.
Out-of-school youth - a particular young people or individual aged
15-30 who are not able to attend school on eligible youth who is drop-
out from school.
Peace – a state in which there is no war or fighting, a state of unguilty
or guilt.
10

Peace and order - a state of a community in which free from any
disturbances and well organize community.
School – organization that provides instruction, on institution for the
teaching of children, a source of knowledge.
Social deviants - a behavior within the community which different
from what is proper that cause a barangay to be unpeaceful.
Youth – a teenage boy or young man, the early
11

CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter will explain the research design, instruments,
respondents, and statistical treatment that the researchers use in this
study.
3.1 Research Design
This study is quantitative in nature since it seeks answers that
lead to numerical data. Specifically, the study uses a descriptive-
analytic research design to determine the effects of increased numbers
of out- of-school youth in the peace and order in barangay Logan.
12

3.2 Research Process/Schedule
In order to gather data, the following are the steps/process that
this study follows: (1) formulation of research problem, (2) formulation
of research instruments, (3) data gathering, (4) analysis of data, (5)
preparation for final defense.
The summary of the steps/process is shown below in figure 2.0
Formulation of research
problem
Formulation of research
instruments
Data gathering
Data analysis
Preparation for final
defense
13

In order to be organized the researcher follows the research
schedule shown below in figure 2.1
Table 0.1
Research Process
Date Activity
January 2020 Orientation of Respondents
February 2020 Data Gathering
February 2020 Interpretation of Data
March 2020 Finalizing the Paper
March 2020 Final Defense
14

3.3 Research Respondents
A purposive sampling procedure was used in selecting the
participants in this study. The researchers focus on 30 out-of-school
youth who are currently living or residence in barangay Logan. They
are the chosen respondents because they are the one who has an
experience about the study that the researchers conducted.
3.4 Research Instruments
The researchers will be using a survey questionnaire as the main
instruments to be able to gather data. It will be created through a
checklist type for them not to find any difficulties and to understand
and answered on what are the effects of increased numbers of out-of-
school youth in the peace and order of the said barangay.
15

Direction: Answer the following questions, put a check mark on the
space provided that corresponds to your answer. (as many as possible)
1. Is education important to you?
__ yes __ no
2. If yes, what are your reasons for not attending formal school?
__ Poverty __ Laziness
__ Bad peer pressure __ Distance from home to school
__ Child labor
3. By the time you dropped out from school, have you ever been
involved in any trouble?
__ yes __ no
4. If your answer is yes in no. 3, how often do you involve in trouble?
__ most of the time __ seldom __ never
5. In what age are you, when you usually get involve in trouble?
__ 15-17 __ 18-21 __ 22-25
6. What are usual crime incident you are involved in?
__ ramble __ theft __bullying
7. Did you observe peace and order in your barangay?
__ Yes __ No
8. If the numbers of out-of-school youth will continue to increase, do
you think there still be a peace and order in your barangay?
__ yes __ no
16

9. Do you think when the population of out of school youth will
continue to increase within your barangay, does it affect the peace
and order?
__ yes __ no
10 . If your answer is yes in no. 8, how will it affect to the peace and
order in your barangay?
__ the barangay will be unpeaceful
__ the crime rate will increase
__ the resident will be at risk in terms of their safety
17

3.5 Statistical Treatment
The data being from the respondents will undergo statistical
treatment.
Table 0.2
Research problem and statistical treatment to be use in the
study
questions:
1. What are the most
important factors that
influence the peace and
order in Barangay Logan
among out-of-school youth?
Hypothesis
No hypothesis
Statistic
mean
2. What is the significant
relationship of age profile of
out -of- school youth in the
peace and order of
Barangay Logan?
There is no significant
relationship that the
crime committed by
out of school youth is
dependent of its age
chi-square
3.What is the relationship
between the increased in
numbers of out-of-school
No hypothesis mean
18

youth in the peace and
order of Barangay Logan?
4. How does the increased
in numbers of out-of-school
youth affect the peace and
order in Barangay Logan?
No hypothesis mean
19

CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION AND DATA ANALYSIS
This chapter presents the data and the result of the data being
analyzed in the study.
The graph shows that 100% of respondents answered YES that
education is important to them
100%
YES NO
20

2. If yes, what are your reasons for not attending formal education?
Based from the bar graph, it shows that: 16.67% child labor;
20% bad peer pressure; 26.67% laziness; and 36.66% both poverty
and distance from home to school are the reasons of not attending
formal school.
0.00%
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
20.00%
25.00%
30.00%
35.00%
Poverty Bad peer
pressure
Child labor Laziness Distance
from home
to school
21

The graph presented that out of 30 respondents, 33.33% were
not involved in any trouble while 66.67% stated that they were
involved in any kind of trouble after they drop out.
66.67%
33.3%
Yes No
22

It has been shown in the graph that 66.67% of the respondents
seldom involve in any trouble, and 33.33% of them never been
involved in any trouble.
0%
66.67%
33.33%
most of the time seldom never
23

5. In what age are you when you usually get involved in any trouble?
6. What are the usual crime incident you are involved in?
Crimes committed
age rumble bullying total
15-17 5 12 17
18-21 5 3 8
22-25 3 1 4
total 13 16 29
O E O-E (O-E)^2 (O-E)^2/E
5 7.62 -2.62 6.87 0.90
5 3.59 1.41 2.00 0.56
3 1.79 1.21 1.46 0.81
12 9.38 2.62 6.87 0.73
3 4.41 -1.41 2.00 0.45
1 2.21 -1.21 1.46 0.66
X^2 4.12
24

Crimes committed
Step 1: Ho: the crime committed by out of school youth is
independent of its age
Ha: the crime committed by out of school youth is
dependent of its age (claim)
Step 2: a = 0.001
Step 3: df = r-1 c-1
Df = 2
cv 9.2
step 4: computed value 4.12
failed to reject Ho
step 6: interpretation
there is not enough evidence to support the claim that the
crime committed by the out of school youth is dependent
of its age
age rumble bullying
15-17 7.62 9.38
18-21 3.59 4.41
22-25 1.79 2.21
total
25

80%
20%
yes no
Based from the calculated data, 80% observed peace and order
while remaining 20% of respondents doesn’t observed any peace and
order in their barangay.
26

8. If the numbers of out of school youth will continue to increase, do
you think there still be a peace in order in your barangay?
The graph shows that 80% of the respondents said YES that
there still be peace and order in their barangay if the out of school
youth will continue to increase and 20% said NO.
80%
20%
Yes No
27

and order?
In this illustration, 76.67% of the respondents says if the
population of out of school youth will continue to increase it will affect
to the peace and order in their barangay while 23.3% says NO.
76.67%
23.30%
Yes No
28

10. If your answer in no. 8 is YES, how will it affect to the peace and
Based on the graph, 40% of the respondents’ answer says that
the barangay will be unpeaceful and some of the residents will be at
risk in terms of their safety while 30% of the respondents says that the
barangay’s crime rate will increase.
40%
30%
40%
The barangay will be unpeaceful
The crime rate will increase
The resident will be at risk in terms of their safety
29

CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5. 1 Summary
 The factor that influenced the peace and order in barangay
Logan, the youth were not able to attend a formal school
because of poverty and the distance from their home to
school.
 A youth who had been dropped from school involved in any
trouble.
 There is no significant relationship of the age profile of out-of-
school in the peace and order of barangay Logan.
 Youth aware of present peace and order situation in barangay
Logan.
 As the numbers of out-of-school youth continue to increase
the peace and order of the barangay was affected.
 There will no peace and order and uncertainly of the safety of
the residence in barangay Logan, where the effects of
increased numbers of out-of-school youth.
30

5.2 Conclusion
Based from all the gathered data, the factor that influenced the
peace and order in barangay Logan, the youth were not able to attend
a formal school because of poverty and the distance from their home
to school. In addition, there is no significant relationship of the age
profile of out-of-school in the peace and order of barangay Logan.
Moreover, As the numbers of out-of-school youth continue to increase
the peace and order of the barangay was affected. Lastly, There will no
peace and order and uncertainly of the safety of the residence in
barangay Logan, where the effects of increased numbers of out-of-
school youth.
31

5.3 Recommendation
 The school should provide a scholarship for those students who
are financially unstable.
 The barangay officials will make a request for a school bus or any
vehicle in LGU that can be used to reach out those youth who are
having hardship by means of their transportation.
 The barangay must apply in DEPED programs like ALS
(Alternative Learning System) so that even they will have skills
to be used to find jobs that cannot cause problems in the
barangay.
 The barangay must set a curfew hour and strong rules and
regulations.
 No loitering after 7 pm in the evening
 For anyone who cause trouble there will consequence
punishment.
 Strengthen the CVO of the barangay for they are the in charge
of maintaining and observing peace and the safety of the
residence in barangay Logan.
32

Bibliography
http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/201440
http://www.coursehero.com
http://research.acer.edu.au/Isay research/77
http://www.bls.gov/eps/home.html
Bangkok Biz, UNESCO concerned the number of out-of-school. March
10, 2015, p15, (2015)

Appendix
Direction: Answer the following questions, put a check mark on the
space provided that corresponds to your answer. (as many as possible)
__ yes __ no
2. If yes, what are your reasons for not attending formal school?
__ Poverty __ Laziness
__ Bad peer pressure __ Distance from home to school
__ Child labor
__ yes __ no
__ most of the time __ seldom __ never
5. In what age are you, when you usually get involve in trouble?
__ 15-17 __ 18-21 __ 22-25What are
usual crime incident you are involved in?
__ ramble __ theft __bullying
__ Yes __ No

8. If the numbers of out-of-school youth will continue to increase, do
you think there still be a peace and order in your barangay?
__ yes __ no
and order?
__ yes __ no
10. If your answer is yes in no. 8, how will it affect to the peace and
__ the barangay will be unpeaceful
__ the crime rate will increase
__ the resident will be at risk in terms of their safety

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