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DE JADIS À NAGUÈRE DE JADIS À NAGUÈRE 
Une petite histoire de l’hystérectomie élargie 
‡—–Ǧ²–”‡ “—ǯ— Œ‘—”ǡ Ž‡• ”ƒ”‡• 
tomie par Wertheim ‡ ͳͻͳʹ 
femmes porteuses d’un cancer 
qui s’impose comme référence 
†—…‘Ž†‡Žǯ—–±”—•„±±ϐ‹…‹‡”‘– 
Š‹•–‘”‹“—‡Ǥ ‹ Ž‡ …—”ƒ‰‡ ’‡ŽǦ 
de radiothérapie exclusive et 
vien a toute son importance 
“—‡ Žƒ …Š‹”—”‰‹‡ǡ –”ƒ…Š±Ž‡…–‘Ǧ 
†ƒ• Žƒ …Š‹”—”‰‹‡ †— …ƒ…‡” 
‹‡ ‘— Š›•–±”‡…–‘‹‡ǡ ±Žƒ”‰‹‡ 
du col, il n’apparaît pas dans 
appartiendra au passé. Mais en 
les différentes classifications, 
attendant, occupons quelques 
‡”–Š‡‹ƒˆϐ‹”‡²‡ǣ 
Ž‹‰‡• ’‘—” ‡••ƒ›‡” †‡ …‘Ǧ 
Ǽ

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Une petite histoire de l’hystérectomie élargie.

  • 1. DE JADIS À NAGUÈRE DE JADIS À NAGUÈRE Une petite histoire de l’hystérectomie élargie ‡—–Ǧ²–”‡ “—ǯ— Œ‘—”ǡ Ž‡• ”ƒ”‡• tomie par Wertheim ‡ ͳͻͳʹ femmes porteuses d’un cancer qui s’impose comme référence †—…‘Ž†‡Žǯ—–±”—•„±±ϐ‹…‹‡”‘– Š‹•–‘”‹“—‡Ǥ ‹ Ž‡ …—”ƒ‰‡ ’‡ŽǦ de radiothérapie exclusive et vien a toute son importance “—‡ Žƒ …Š‹”—”‰‹‡ǡ –”ƒ…Š±Ž‡…–‘Ǧ †ƒ• Žƒ …Š‹”—”‰‹‡ †— …ƒ…‡” ‹‡ ‘— Š›•–±”‡…–‘‹‡ǡ ±Žƒ”‰‹‡ du col, il n’apparaît pas dans appartiendra au passé. Mais en les différentes classifications, attendant, occupons quelques ‡”–Š‡‹ƒˆϐ‹”‡²‡ǣ Ž‹‰‡• ’‘—” ‡••ƒ›‡” †‡ …‘Ǧ Ǽ
  • 2. – †‘‡• ‘– •‡‡ ‡…‡••ƒ”› ’”‡†”‡†ǯ‘‡–…‡––‡ǼŠ›•Ǧ ƒ…–—ƒŽŽ› –‘ …ƒ””› ‘—– ƒ ‘†‡ térectomie radicale » ou « élarǦ ”‡•‡…–‹‘‹‡˜‡”›…ƒ•‡Ǥ
  • 3. ˆƒˆ–‡” ‰‹‡ǽǡ ‡ …‹–ƒ– Ž‡• ’”‘’‘• †‡• incision of the peritoneum and auteurs qui ont construit les isolation of the ureters and ‰”ƒ†‡• ±–ƒ’‡• †‡ …‡––‡ Š‹•Ǧ vessels, the nodes do not apǦ toire. ’‡ƒ”‡Žƒ”‰‡†ǡ–Š‡›ƒ›…‘ϐ‹Ǧ A l’instar d’autres domaines †‡–Ž›„‡Ž‡ˆ–ƒŽ‘‡ǤǽȋͳͻͲͲȌǤ †‡ Žƒ …ƒ…±”‘Ž‘‰‹‡ǡ Žƒ ‘–‹‘ †ǯŠ›•–±”‡…–‘‹‡ Ǽ±Žƒ”‰‹‡ǽ
  • 4. Ž •ǯƒ‰‹– „‹‡ †‡ ’”±…‹•‡” Žǯ‡šǦ –‡•‹‘ †‡ Žǯ‡š±”°•‡ ‡–Ȁ‘— †‡ pour le traitement du cancer †— …‘Ž ‡•– ƒ’’ƒ”—‡  Žƒ ϐ‹ †— la dissection autour du col de l’utérus et notamment latéǦ XIXème siècle. Si Halsted recomǦ ƒ†ƒ‹– —‡ …Š‹”—”‰‹‡ †ǯ‡š±Ǧ ”ƒŽ‡‡– †ƒ• Žƒ ”±‰‹‘ †‡• rèse mutilante pour la patholoǦ Ǽ’ƒ”ƒ°–”‡•ǽǤ‡––‡”±‰‹‘‡•– ‰‹‡ƒƒ‹”‡ǡŽǯŠ›•–±”‡…–‘‹‡ ’ƒ••‹‘ƒ–‡ ‡– — ’‡— ›•Ǧ Ǽ•‹’Ž‡ǽ ’ƒ”ƒ‹••ƒ‹– ‹•—ˆϐ‹Ǧ –±”‹‡—•‡ ’‘—” Ž‡• …Š‹”—”‰‹‡• sante pour assurer le contrôle du pelvis notamment parce local d’une néoplasie cervicale. que les termes utilisés pour décrire les différentes strucǦ La première publication d’une tures varient, la nomenclature Š›•–±”‡…–‘‹‡±Žƒ”‰‹‡ƒ’’ƒ”ƒÁ– internationale est retrouvée ‡ͳͺͻͷ’ƒ” Clark et Reis. †ƒ• …‡”–ƒ‹‡• …Žƒ••‹ϐ‹…ƒ–‹‘• Žƒ”±…”‹–ǣǼŠ‡ˆƒ—Ž–•…‘Ǧ mais rarement utilisée au bloc mon to all methods of removal ȋŽ‡• ’ƒ”ƒ°–”‡•ǡ Ž‡ Ž‹‰ƒǦ ‘ˆ–Š‡—–‡”—•ƒ”‡ͳȌ–Š‡„”‘ƒ† ‡– …ƒ”†‹ƒŽǡ Ž‡ Ž‹‰ƒ‡– †‡ Ž‹‰ƒ‡–• ƒ”‡ …—– –‘‘ …Ž‘•‡ –‘ ƒ…‡”‘†–ǥȌǤ –Š‡ —–‡”—• ƒ† ʹȌ –‘‘ •ƒŽŽ Après Wertheim en Autriche, ’‘”–‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˜ƒ‰‹ƒ ƒ”‡ ”‡Ǧ c’est Meigs aux USA qui publie moved. ». Ž‡• ”±•—Ž–ƒ–• †‡• Š›•–±”‡…–‘Ǧ Mais c’est la description préǦ ‹‡• ±Žƒ”‰‹‡•ǡ –‘—Œ‘—”• ’ƒ” …‹•‡†‡Žƒ–‡…Š‹“—‡†‡ŽǯŠ›•–±Ǧ laparotomie. La publication rectomie radicale par laparoǦ de Piver, Rutledge et Smith ‡ͳͻ͹Ͷ…‘•–‹–—‡Žƒ’”‡‹°”‡ tentative pour décrire préciséǦ ment l’extension de l’exérèse ƒ˜‡…ͷ…Žƒ••‡•ǣ t
  • 7. Ž •ǯƒ‰‹– ‡ ˆƒ‹– †‡ …‡ “—ǯ‘ ƒ’’‡ŽŽ‡ ƒ—Œ‘—”†ǯŠ—‹ ŽǯŠ›•–±Ǧ ”‡…–‘‹‡‡š–”ƒǦˆƒ•…‹ƒŽ‡Ǥ t
  • 8.
  • 10.
  • 11. ‡š–‡†‡† Š›•–‡”‡…–‘› ‹• ƒ ‘†‡”ƒǦ –‡Ž› ‡š–‡†‡† ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ Š›•Ǧ –‡”‡…–‘›Ǥ Š‡ —”‡–‡”• ƒ”‡ freed from the paracervical position but are not dissecǦ ted out of the pubovesicle Ž‹‰ƒ‡–Ǥ Š‡ —–‡”‘Ǧ•ƒ…”ƒŽ Ž‹‰ƒ‡–•ƒ”‡”‡•‡…–‡†‹†Ǧ ™ƒ›„‡–™‡‡–Š‡—–‡”—•ƒ† their sacral attachments. The medial half of the cardiǦ ƒŽ Ž‹‰ƒ‡– ‹• ”‡‘˜‡†ǡ ƒ• ‹•–Š‡—’’‡”‘‡Ǧ–Š‹”†‘ˆ–Š‡ ˜ƒ‰‹ƒǤǽ ‡––‡ …Žƒ••‡ …‘”Ǧ ”‡•’‘†  DzŽǯŠ›•–±”‡…–‘‹‡ ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ‡Ǧ‘†‹ϐ‹±‡dzǤ t
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17. ’”‘…‡†—”‡‹•™‹†‡”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ‡šǦ cision of the parametrial and ’ƒ”ƒ˜ƒ‰‹ƒŽ–‹••—‡•ǤŠ‡…ƒ”Ǧ †‹ƒŽŽ‹‰ƒ‡–‹•”‡‘˜‡†ƒ– –Š‡’‡Ž˜‹…™ƒŽŽǤǽ‡––‡Š›•–±Ǧ ”‡…–‘‹‡…‘””‡•’‘†ŽǯŠ›•Ǧ –±”‡…–‘‹‡ ±Žƒ”‰‹‡ †±…”‹–‡ ’ƒ”‡”–Š‡‹‡–‡‹‰•ƒ˜‡… ŽƒŽ‹‰ƒ–—”‡†‡Žǯƒ”–°”‡—–±”‹‡ •‘‘”‹‰‹‡Ǥ t
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22. Ϊ –Š‡ —”‡–‡” ‹• …‘’Ž‡–‡Ž› dissected from the puboveǦ •‹…Ž‡Ž‹‰ƒ‡–Ϊ–Š‡•—’‡”‹‘” ˜‡•‹…Ž‡ƒ”–‡”›‹••ƒ…”‹ϐ‹…‡†Ϊ –Š”‡‡Ǧˆ‘—”–Š•‘ˆ–Š‡˜ƒ‰‹ƒ‹• excised. » tǣǼŠ‡ƒ‹‘ˆ–Š‡Žƒ•• Š›•–‡”‡…–‘› ‹• ”‡‘˜ƒŽ ‘ˆ central recurrent cancer inǦ ˜‘Ž˜‹‰’‘”–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡†‹•–ƒŽ ureter or bladder. » ‘…‡”ƒ– Žƒ …Š‹”—”‰‹‡ —–±Ǧ rine, Schauta †±…”‹–ŽǯŠ›•–±”‡…Ǧ –‘‹‡ ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ‡ ’ƒ” ˜‘‹‡ ˜ƒ‰‹Ǧ nale, et Dargent la trachélecǦ –‘‹‡±Žƒ”‰‹‡’ƒ”˜‘‹‡˜ƒ‰‹ƒŽ‡ ȋƒ’”°•—‡Ž›’Šƒ†±‡…–‘‹‡ ’‡Ž˜‹‡‡ ’ƒ” ˜‘‹‡ …àŽ‹‘•…‘Ǧ ’‹“—‡Ȍ ’‡”‡––ƒ– Žƒ ’”±•‡”Ǧ vation de la fertilité chez les femmes jeunes atteintes d’un cancer du col peu avancé. La publication de Querleu et Morrow à partir de 2000 constitue une autre étape de Žƒ …Žƒ••‹ϐ‹…ƒ–‹‘ ’”±…‹•‡ †‡• Š›•–±”‡…–‘‹‡• ±Žƒ”‰‹‡•Ǥ ‡––‡ …Žƒ••‹ϐ‹…ƒ–‹‘ǡ ‡ Ž‡––”‡ …‡––‡ ˆ‘‹•Ǧ…‹ǡ ‡•– ƒ†ƒ’–±‡  Žǯ±˜‘Ǧ lution des voies d’abord et « fonctionne » pour une chirurǦ ‰‹‡ ’ƒ” Žƒ’ƒ”‘–‘‹‡ǡ ’ƒ” ˜‘‹‡ ˜ƒ‰‹ƒŽ‡ ‘— …àŽ‹‘•…‘’‹“—‡ǡ elle précise la préservation nerveuse et précise particulièǦ rement l’extension latérale de la résection. La notion de préǦ servation nerveuse ou « nerve •’ƒ”‹‰ǽ‡•–ƒ’’ƒ”—‡†ƒ•Ž‡• ƒ±‡• ͷͲ ƒ˜‡… †‡• ƒ—–‡—”• japonais (Okabayashi et Magara)Ǥ ‡• Ͷ –›’‡• †ǯŠ›•–±Ǧ ”‡…–‘‹‡• ±Žƒ”‰‹‡• †±…”‹–• ’ƒ” —‡”Ž‡—•‘–Ž‡••—‹˜ƒ–•ǣ t ›’‡ ǣ ”±•‡…–‹‘ ‹‹Ǧ male du paracervix, ce qui …‘””‡•’‘†  —‡ Š›•–±Ǧ rectomie extrafasciale avec une section du paracervix médialement par rapport à l’uretère mais latéralement ’ƒ””ƒ’’‘”–ƒ—…‘ŽǤ‡•Ž‹‰ƒǦ ‡–• —–±”‘Ǧ•ƒ…”±• ‡– ˜±Ǧ •‹…‘Ǧ—–±”‹• •‘– •‡…–‹‘±• près de l’utérus. La résection ˜ƒ‰‹ƒŽ‡ǯ‡š…°†‡’ƒ•ͳͲǤ t›’‡ǣ”±•‡…–‹‘†—’ƒ”ƒǦ cervix au niveau de l’uretère après refoulement latéral de ce dernier. La résection des Ž‹‰ƒ‡–• —–±”‘Ǧ•ƒ…”±• ‡– ˜±•‹…‘Ǧ—–±”‹• ‡•– ’ƒ”–‹‡ŽŽ‡ ‡– Žƒ ”±•‡…–‹‘ ˜ƒ‰‹ƒŽ‡ †‘‹– être au moins de 10 mm ȋǼ ƒ”–‹ƒŽ ”‡•‡…–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ uterosacral and vesicouteǦ ”‹‡ Ž‹‰ƒ‡–• ‹• ƒ •–ƒ†ƒ”† ’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‹•…ƒ–‡‰‘”›ǽȌǤ t ›’‡ ǣ …‘””‡•’‘†  Žƒ …Žƒ••‹“—‡ Š›•–±”‡…–‘‹‡ ”ƒǦ †‹…ƒŽ‡ǡ ‘— –›’‡
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25. †‡ ‹˜‡”ǡ avec préservation nerveuse ȋ’Ž‡š—•Š›’‘‰ƒ•–”‹“—‡Ȍ’‘—” Ž‡–›’‡ͳǡ•ƒ•’‘—”Ž‡ʹǤ t ›’‡ ǣ ”±•‡…–‹‘ ±–‡Ǧ due latéralement, corresǦ pond aux exentérations ’‡Ž˜‹‡‡• ȋǼ ›’‡ ͳ ‹• resection of the entire paraǦ …‡”˜‹šƒ––Š‡’‡Ž˜‹…•‹†‡™ƒŽŽ ƒŽ‘‰ ™‹–Š –Š‡ Š›’‘‰ƒ•–”‹… ˜‡••‡Ž•ǡ ‡š’‘•‹‰ –Š‡ ”‘‘–• of the sciatic nerve. » et Ǽ ›’‡ ʹ ‹• ͳ ’Ž—• ”‡•‡…Ǧ tion of the entire paracervix ™‹–Š–Š‡Š›’‘‰ƒ•–”‹…˜‡••‡Ž• and adjacent fascial or musǦ …—Žƒ”•–”—…–—”‡•ǤǽȌǤ ϐ‹†‡’‘—˜‘‹”…‘’ƒ”‡”–‡…ŠǦ niques et résultats, sachons —–‹Ž‹•‡”…‡•†‹ˆˆ±”‡–‡•…Žƒ••‹ϐ‹Ǧ cations au mieux… 'HOSKLQH1LQD+8'5 BIBLIO / Clark JG. A more radical method of performing hysterectomy for cancer of the uterus. Johns Hopkins Medical Bulletin 1895; 6: 120–124. Wertheim E. The extended abdominal operation for carcinoma uteri (based on 500 operative cases). Am J Obstet Dis Women Child 1912; 66: 169–232. Okabayashi H. Radical abdominal hysterectomy for cancer of the cervix uteri. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1921; 33: 335–41 Meigs JV. Carcinoma of the cervix—the Wertheim operation. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1944; 78: 195–98. Meigs JV. Radical hysterectomy with bilateral pelvic lymph node dissections; a report of 100 patients operated on !ve or more years ago. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1951; 62: 854–870. Piver MS, Rutledge F Smith JP. Five classes of extended hysterectomy for women with cervical cancer. Obstetrics and Gynecology 1974; 44: 265–272. Massi G, Savino L, Susini T. Three classes of radical hysterectomy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996; 175: 1576–85. Sakuragi N, Todo Y, Kudo M, et al. A systematic nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy technique in invasive cervical cancer for preserving postsurgical bladder function. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2005; 15: 389–97. Querleu D, Morrow P. Classi!cation of radical hysterectomy. Lancet Oncol 2008; 9: 297–303 Revue pour les Internes de Gynécologie Obstétrique Revue pour les Internes de Gynécologie Obstétrique