1. SCIENCE PROJECT
ARTWORK PROJECT
By: S
arah
Kim
COMPARISON OF
JOINTS AND
CARTILAGE
By: Sarah Kim
C/D

2. COMPARISON OF
JOINTS AND CARTILAGE
Sarah Kim Science Project C/D Skeletal System
Table of Contents
BEGINNING
Cartilage.......................................................................................1
Drawing of Cartilage..................................................................2
Joints.............................................................................................3
Drawing of Joints........................................................................4
Comparison of Cartilage and
Joints.............................................................................................5
END

3. CARTILAGE ! PAGE 1
Cartilage is a thick layer of tissue with a smooth and slippery texture at the
end of the bones. It is very flexible. Some examples of cartilage in your body are
your ears, knees, elbows, ankle and nose. Without cartilage, the joints would
not be connected and bones would rub each other.
There has been misunderstandings and debates on whether cartilages
contain blood vessels. However, it turned out that cartilage does not contain
blood vessels or minerals. Nutrients are delivered to cartilage nearby the blood
vessels. As shown in page two, the first picture, cartilage goes through a
growing process. This represents cartilages of infant to an adult. When you are
a baby, you only have cartilage in your body because the bones are forming. As
you grow up, bones are replaced gradually. The third process takes place when
bones are formed and when blood supply forms. Then, the bone takes place as
you grow. The last cartilage in the picture shows when you are an adult. As you
can see, there are very little cartilage and a marrow cavity. Osteoblasts, bone
forming cells deposit calcium and phosphorus in bones, enabling bone tissues
to be harder.
Cartilage is essential in our body in many ways. First of all, cartilage is
very important to joints because it can act as a shock absorber. Lastly, cartilage
makes movement much easier. Without it, bones will rub against each other as
they move and eventually they will worn out. People claim to experience the
pain when cartilage is damaged. Some adults or elders complain that their bone
is broken when their bones are rubbing together by lack of cartilage. Cartilage
can damaged by disease, injury, or old age. Therefore, it is always a good idea
to be healthy so your bones won’t be into serious damages!

4. JOINTS! PAGE3
Joints is where two or more bones are connected together. Joints are
suppose to be far apart from cartilage so bones do not rub against each other
as they move. Muscles move the bones by moving joints.
There are two types of joints; Immovable and Movable Joints.
Immovable Joints make little or no movement. In contrast, Movable Joints
allows your body to make motions. Limited number of immovable joints are
used in our body. Skull and pelvis are examples of the pivot joint, where joint
allows no or very little movement. There are several types of movable joints
and their uses; pivot, ball and socket, hinge, and gliding. Pivot Joint is when
one bone rotates in a circle of another bone that doesn’t move. One example
of this would be turning your head. A second type of joint is the Ball and
Socket. It is a bone with a rounded end that fits to a cavity on another bone.
These joints are used in your legs and your arms and those joints cannot
swing in many directions. The third type of joint is the hinge. The hinge joint
does a back and forth movement. For example; the elbow, knees, and fingers
have hinge joints. It can not be dislocated easily or pulled apart like the ball
and socket joint. Lastly, the forth joint is the gliding joint. It is one part of
bone that slides over to another bone. Gliding Joint moves back and forth
and they are usually found in your wrist, ankle and also between the
vertebrae.
Why do you think old people's back are hurt easily? It is because you
need cartilage for protection. For elders, most of the cartilage are worn out. If
you don’t have strong cartilage, joints are rubbed and you cannot move
easily. Without joints, our body wouldn’t be in one piece, so it is important to
maintain strong joints and cartilage!

5. COMPARISON OF JOINTS AND CARTILAGE! PAGE 5
As both cartilage and joints play essential part in our body structure and
movement, they are both similar and different in many ways such as uses,
shape and illness.
Firstly, the uses of cartilage and joint has many differences and a few
similarities. The differences of joints is that it connect bones and cartilage is a
cushion that is like a shock absorber and helps your body move. The
similarities is that it helps you do movement.
Secondly, there are many differences and similarities of shape. Joints
have four types of joints such as hinge, ball and socket, gliding, and pivot.
All of these joints are fixed. Cartilage has no definite shape. The similarities
of joint and cartilage is that, if a joint is shaped like a ball, then cartilage will
be shaped around the ball.
Lastly, illness can be easily damaged. Joints can be dislocated easily and
rub each other often. If you make do movement alot, old age, lack of calcium
or sport, cartilage is damaged. The similarities of joints and cartilage is that
they both can be damaged by old age.
There are more differences than similarities of joints and cartilage.
However, both of them are essential in our body structure and movement.
Without them, we could not do any work. Therefore, humans should try to
be healthy by eating and exercising.