These forests are located in temperate zones between 23.5 degrees north and 38 degrees south latitude. They experience large seasonal temperature changes and receive annual rainfall between 75-180cm. Common plants include maple, oak, and birch trees along with shrubs, berries, ferns, herbs, and mosses. Animals that inhabit these forests include squirrels, rabbits, skunks, cougars, deer, wolves, bears, amphibians, chipmunks, and blue jays.