The document outlines the key steps and purposes of conducting research including addressing gaps in knowledge, replicating existing studies, and informing practice. It discusses challenges in educational research like the difficulty of randomized trials and multiple valid approaches. The core steps are described as an hourglass model moving from purpose and questions, to literature review, methods, data collection and analysis, and conclusions. Both quantitative and qualitative methodologies are covered as serving purposes of prediction, understanding, and interrogation. The document emphasizes ethics around participants, permission, honesty, and doing no harm. It highlights skills needed like discipline, expertise in libraries, writing, and continuous learning.