Dietary fiber is that portion of food derived from plant cell, which is resistant to digestion by the elementary enzymes system in human beings.
It consist of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignins, oligosaccharides, pectins, gums and waxes.
Cellulose :
This compound is the most abundant polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plants.
Hemicellulose :
These polysaccharides which are closely associated with cellulose in cell wall are composed mainly of sugar units containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms (Pentoses or hexoses).
Gums and Mucilages :
A number of plants form gums on their bark or fruit when they are injured or when they are stung by insects. Mucilages were considered to be plant polysaccharides which readily form sticky slimy solution in water
ex. Flax seeds (Ambadi seeds) and psyllium seeds.
Lignin :
Lignin is found in plant cell walls in intimate association with cellulose to which it imparts rigidity.
Pectic Substances :
These consist of a group of carbohydrates which are of considerable interest in foods of plants origin.
Crude fibre – it is commonly used bio-chemical terminology by biochemist. It is mostly present in outer skin of vegetables. Fruits and cereal grains and also in woody parts of plants.
Soluble dietary fibre – fibre that either dissolve or swell in water and are metabolized by bacteria in the large intestine, these include pectins, gums, mucilages and some hemicelluloses. It is found in fruits vegetables and beans.
Insoluble dietary fibre – does not dissolve in water but retains it to soften and build up stool. It includes mostly cellulose, some hemicelluloses and lignins,
Added dietary fibre – This is the isolated non digestive carbohydrate that has beneficial therapeutic value. These are available commerciallyWhole wheat flour, bran, vegetables (spinach, fenugreek leaves, onion stalks, curry leaves, bengalgram leaves, chuka, drumsticks, colocasia leaves), fruits (apple, strawberry, guava, citrus fruits, carrot, pomegranate, sapota, pineapple, grapes.), oats, barley, legumesWhole wheat flour, bran, vegetables (spinach, fenugreek leaves, onion stalks, curry leaves, bengalgram leaves, chuka, drumsticks, colocasia leaves), fruits (apple, strawberry, guava, citrus fruits, carrot, pomegranate, sapota, pineapple, grapes.), oats, barley, legumes.
Insoluble dietary fibre – does not dissolve in water but retains it to soften and build up stool. It includes mostly cellulose, some hemicelluloses and lignins,
Added dietary fibre – This is the isolated non digestive carbohydrate that has beneficial therapeutic value. These are available commercially.
Insoluble dietary fibre – does not dissolve in water but retains it to soften and build up stool. It includes mostly cellulose, some hemicelluloses and lignins,
Added dietary fibre – This is the isolated non digestive carbohydrate that has beneficial therapeutic value. These are available commercially.
2. DIETARYFIBRES
Dietary fiber is that portion of
food derived from plant cell,
which is resistant to digestion by
the elementary enzymes system
in human beings.
It consist of cellulose,
hemicellulose, lignins,
oligosaccharides, pectins, gums
and waxes.
3. ComponentsofDietaryFibre
Cellulose :
This compound is the most abundant
polysaccharide found in the cell walls of
plants.
Hemicellulose :
These polysaccharides which are closely
associated with cellulose in cell wall are
composed mainly of sugar units containing 5
or 6 carbon atoms (Pentoses or hexoses).
4. Gums and Mucilages :
A number of plants form gums on their bark or fruit
when they are injured or when they are stung by
insects. Mucilages were considered to be plant
polysaccharides which readily form sticky slimy
solution in water
ex. Flax seeds (Ambadi seeds) and psyllium seeds.
Lignin :
Lignin is found in plant cell walls in intimate
association with cellulose to which it imparts rigidity.
5. Pectic Substances :
These consist of a group of
carbohydrates which are of
considerable interest in foods of
plants origin.
6. Types of
Dietary
fibre
Crude fibre – it is commonly used
bio-chemical terminology by
biochemist. It is mostly present in
outer skin of vegetables. Fruits
and cereal grains and also in
woody parts of plants.
Soluble dietary fibre – fibre that
either dissolve or swell
in water and are metabolized by
bacteria in the large intestine, these
include pectins, gums, mucilages
and some hemicelluloses. It is
found in fruits vegetables and
beans.
7. Types of
Dietary
fibre
Insoluble dietary fibre – does
not dissolve in water but retains
it to soften and build up stool. It
includes mostly cellulose, some
hemicelluloses and lignins,
Added dietary fibre – This is
the isolated non digestive
carbohydrate that has beneficial
therapeutic value. These are
available commercially.
