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[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Quick Class Discussion:  What Caused the  “Great War”?
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Europe  before  the war What caused the war?
Germany, Austria-Hungary, & Italy made up the  Triple Alliance England, France, & Russia made up the  Triple Entente
Europe  during  the war The Western Front The Eastern Front The Allied Powers The Central Powers
How was WW1 a “world war”?
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
American Neutrality ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Threats to American Neutrality ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],England appealed to cultural ties & propaganda of Germans atrocities  Germany blamed the war on Russian expansion & French revenge
Freedom of the Seas ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],By 1916, the U.S. was a “neutral” nation in name only The U.S. gave $2.5 billion in loans to the Allies, but only $27 million to the Central Powers Trade with the Allies caused U.S. trade to jump from $2 billion to  $6 billion from 1913 to 1916
The U-Boat Threat ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Despite the  Sussex Pledge , Congress passed the National Defense Act in 1916 that increased the size of the U.S. army & navy
Germany used u-boats to create a naval blockade of England
Election of 1916 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
America Joins the Allies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],German leaders knew this might entice the USA to enter the war…but did it anyway
U.S. Losses to German Submarines, 1916-1918
Rationale behind the Zimmerman Note :  The U.S. & Mexico  almost  went to war in June 1916 over events related to the Mexican Revolution (Huerta, Carranza, Pancho Villa)
April 2, 1917, Wilson asked Congress for a declaration of war to “make the world safe for democracy”
What really brought  the U.S. into WWI?
“ Over There ”  American Military Participation in WWI
WWI Alliances & Battlefronts, 1914-1917 When the U.S. entered the war in 1917,  the Allies were on the brink of defeat U-boats effectively limited Allied supplies The Russian armistice in 1917 allowed Germany to move its full army to the western front Mutinies were common in the French army & the British lost at Flanders, Belgium
Mobilization ,[object Object],[object Object],The army & navy increased in size but military leaders had not prepared a plan for war (“ To plan for war is to violate the terms of neutrality ”)
African-Americans were subject to the draft  & fought during WWI in segregated units
American Propaganda : George Creel’s Committee on Public Information (CPI)
The 1 st  U.S. troops arrived via convoy in  June 1917 but did not see action until early 1918
The U.S. on the Western Front, 1918 American soldiers saw their 1 st  action  in May 1918 at Chateau Thierry outside Paris & helped resist a last-ditch German offensive The Allied counter-attack led by the U.S. & France pushed into Germany
War in the Trenches ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],9 million soldiers &  5 million civilians died Artillery, poison gas, grenades, machine guns led to trench warfare & war of attrition American soldiers were only engaged in battle for 8 months U.S. had only 320,000 casualties (6.8%) The Allies had 52% casualties; the Central Powers had 57%
Why Did We Go “Over There”?  ,[object Object],[object Object]

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Over there4 1

  • 1.
  • 2. Quick Class Discussion: What Caused the “Great War”?
  • 3.
  • 4. Germany, Austria-Hungary, & Italy made up the Triple Alliance England, France, & Russia made up the Triple Entente
  • 5. Europe during the war The Western Front The Eastern Front The Allied Powers The Central Powers
  • 6. How was WW1 a “world war”?
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12. Germany used u-boats to create a naval blockade of England
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. U.S. Losses to German Submarines, 1916-1918
  • 16. Rationale behind the Zimmerman Note : The U.S. & Mexico almost went to war in June 1916 over events related to the Mexican Revolution (Huerta, Carranza, Pancho Villa)
  • 17. April 2, 1917, Wilson asked Congress for a declaration of war to “make the world safe for democracy”
  • 18. What really brought the U.S. into WWI?
  • 19. “ Over There ” American Military Participation in WWI
  • 20. WWI Alliances & Battlefronts, 1914-1917 When the U.S. entered the war in 1917, the Allies were on the brink of defeat U-boats effectively limited Allied supplies The Russian armistice in 1917 allowed Germany to move its full army to the western front Mutinies were common in the French army & the British lost at Flanders, Belgium
  • 21.
  • 22. African-Americans were subject to the draft & fought during WWI in segregated units
  • 23. American Propaganda : George Creel’s Committee on Public Information (CPI)
  • 24. The 1 st U.S. troops arrived via convoy in June 1917 but did not see action until early 1918
  • 25. The U.S. on the Western Front, 1918 American soldiers saw their 1 st action in May 1918 at Chateau Thierry outside Paris & helped resist a last-ditch German offensive The Allied counter-attack led by the U.S. & France pushed into Germany
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.

Notes de l'éditeur

  1. Lesson Plan for Wednesday, January 21, 2009: Warm-Up Question: Discuss causes of WWI, Wilson video, start WWI notes
  2. Lesson Plan for Tuesday, January 20, 2009: Warm-Up Question, Finish WWI notes
  3. 10
  4. 11
  5. 12
  6. 13
  7. 14
  8. 14
  9. Examine the reading on the back of student notes “What did the USA enter WW1”?
  10. 15 Bad sign—US military’s most recent battle experience was chasing Pancho Villa in Mexico but did not catch him. Selective Service Act called for all men aged 21-30 then raised to 18-45
  11. African-Americans on a Troop Ship Headed for France