6. 1
The quality of data depends on the
degree of the interaction between
researcher and respondent.
2
The relationship between researcher
and respondent should be seen as
equal.
7. 3 The respondent comes first before the
data does.
4 Methods to be chosen depend on
how appropriate it is to the situation.
5 Use the respondent’s language.
9. ANO BA ‘TO?
- also means groping (field method)
-searching, probing into an
unsystematized mass of social and
cultural data to be able to obtain
order, meaning, and directions for
research
10. METODO
exploration into cultural, social or psychological
data without the chains of overriding theoretical
framework borrowed from observations outside
the focus of investigation
can be related to unobtrusive techniques
because the actual procedures for collecting
information may range from observation,
documentation, intervention, participation
12. ANO BA ‘TO?
is an occasion for exchange of information,
ideas, insights, and opinions also it is a
sharing of beliefs, thoughts, and experiences.
an informal, free, as well as a social process
of exchanging information, thoughts, and
knowledge that is part of human daily
activities.
13. Oral (pasalita)
Written (pasulat)
Transmitted
(pasalin-salin)
metodo through time
Request (paki –
paghingi ng
pahintulot)
14. PROCEDURES
-initially make visits (padalaw-dalaw)
before living-in the community
(panunuluyan)
-introduce yourself to the community
-invite yourself to community gatherings
-initiate a conversation when in a natural
cluster
-invest time in story sharing sessions
15. PRINCIPLES
-may pakikipagkapwa sa kwentuhan
-may ‘paki’ ang kalahok sa kwento
-may pakinabang sa kwentuhan
--libangan
--linangan ng kaalaman
--lunas sa karamdaman
16. PRINCIPLES
-collective orientation
(pananaliksik na sama-sama)
-contains the process of validation
(pagpapatotoo)
-construction of social reality (pagbubuo)
-cluster as unit of analysis
(pagsali sa likas na umpukan)
-with a topic to talk about but without a theme
-worth or value of story produced from the kwentuhan
session
17. PRINCIPLES
VALIDITY
trustworthiness not truth
(mapagkakatiwalaan kaysa makatotohanan)
RELIABILITY
certification not consistency
(process of pakikipagkwentuhan-indicator)
(pagpapatotoo, pagpapatibay)
23. Ibang Tao Category (Outsider)
-V. Enriquez’ scale of relationship
1. Pakikitungo -civility with
2. Pakikisalamuha -interaction with
3. Pakikilahok -participation with
4. Pakikibagay -in accord with/level of conforming
5. Pakikisama - being along with/level
of adjusting
27. PAKIKIPANULAYAN Nicdao-Henson, 1982
• residing in the research setting
• researcher lives, sleeps and
eats with the host
• a form of pagdalaw-dalaw
28. PAMAMARAAN NG PANANALIKSIK
1 PAKIKISALAMUHA & PAKIKISANGKOT
2 PAGMAMASID
3 PAGTATANUNG-TANONG
4 PAKIKIPANAYAM SA MGA
PILING TAGABATID
29. OUR REFERENCES
Amaryllis T. Torres in Sikolohiyang Pilipino: Teorya, metodo, at gamit.
Rogelia R. Pe-Pua (Ed.) (1989) UP Press.
Carmen E. Santiago (1975) in Sikolohiyang Pilipino: Teorya, metodo,
at gamit. Rogelia R. Pe-Pua (Ed.) (1989) UP Press.
Grace O. Oteza (1997). Pakikipagkwentuhan: Isang pamamaraan
ng sama-samang pananaliksik, pagpapatotoo, at pagtulong sa
Sikolohiyang Pilipino. PPRTH Occasional Papers Series 1997, No.
1.
