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Bridging Microservices, APIs and Integration
1. Bridging Microservices, APIs and Integration
Microservices and Cloud Native Apps - SF Bay Area
Cloud Field Day Edition, Santa Clara
July 2017
Kasun Indrasiri
Director-Integration Architecture at WSO2
2. About Me
● Director - Integration Architecture at WSO2
● Committer/PMC Apache Synapse, an architect of WSO2 ESB
● Author ‘Beginning WSO2 ESB’, several microservices articles/white papers
WSO2
● Open source middleware company
● API Management, Integration, IAM and IOT platforms.
7. Why Microservices Compositions?
● Too many fine-grained microservices.
● Business functionalities often require to interact with more than one
(micro)service.
● Microservices typically don't publish their APIs for direct invocation.
● Brown-field reality requires ‘Integration’
○ Green fields enterprises don’t exists.
○ Hybrid usage of Microservices and monolithic architecture is quite common.
○ Need to integrate with existing legacy systems, proprietary systems, databases
and SaaS.
8. Glimpse of existing Microservice Implementations
● How do the existing microservice implementations handle the service
compositions/service orchestration?
9. Microservice - Compositions
Netflix
● The Netflix API is the “front door” to the
Netflix ecosystem of microservices.
● API provides the logic of composing calls to
all services that are required to construct a
response.
● The Netflix API is an orchestration service
that exposes coarse grained APIs by
composing fined grained functionality
provided by the microservices.
● Orchestration logic is built with Java, RxJava
10. Microservice - Compositions
Uber
● ‘Edge Services’ which are exposed to the
external client/mobile applications and the
service orchestration logic is burnt into the
edge service.
● Edge services are primarily implemented
on top of Node.js
11. Microservice - Compositions
Paypal
● The API façade layer exposes Paypal
business functionalities to various internal
and external client applications
● The orchestration logic resides in the API
façade layer and its implemented using
Groovy.
12. Miniservices
“A miniservice is a coarse-grained, independently deployable and independently
scalable application component.”
● “Innovation Insight for Miniservices” : Published: February 2017
○ https://www.gartner.com/doc/3615120/innovation-insight-miniservices
13. The ‘new’ monolith…
API Gateway
● A central gateway with heavy composition
logic is becoming an anti-pattern.
● https://medium.com/netflix-techblog/engineering-trade-offs-and-
the-netflix-api-re-architecture-64f122b277dd
● Ability to develop, deploy and scale APIs
independently -> Micro-API Gateways
15. Integration/Composite Microservices
● A composite microservice with multiple network interactions
● Create composite microservices by integrating web APIs/SaaS, legacy
systems and microservices
● API services/Edge service is also an integration microservice with some API
gateway capabilities.
● Similar to the ‘Miniservice’ concept wrt to the granularity
16. Technologies for building Composite/Integration
Microservices
● Frameworks based on general purpose lang. : Java, Node.js, Groovy - e.g.:
SpringBoot, Dropwizard
○ Not designed with suitable abstractions for integration/network interactions
○ Compositions cannot be illustrated graphically.
● Apache Camel and other ESBs.
○ Bulky traditional ESB architecture -> Not fully compatible with MSA principles.
○ High level DSLs with a lot of tweaks to make it a powerful programming lang. (e.g. expression
languages, properties)
● Ballerina - ballerinalang.org - Open source microservice composition
framework
● Service mesh frameworks - for Inter-service communication
17. Ballerina (ballerinalang.org)
● Ballerina is a new parallel programming language that is designed and
optimized for integration.
● Graphical and textual syntax which is built on top of the sequence diagram
metaphor.
● Designed for network interactions with JSON/XML/SQL/MIME and
HTTP/JMS/File/WebSockets
● Lightweight, high-performance and container native Integration runtime
● 100% open source.
20. Ballerina - Features
● Network Protocols
○ HTTP/HTTP2, WebSockets, JMS, File/FTP, Databases
○ SaaS Integration - Salesforce, Twitter, Gmail, etc.
○ Proprietary and legacy connectors
● Service definition and implementation
○ Swagger, Jax-RS like service annotations
● Data Types
○ Native support for JSON, XML and SQL data
○ Graphical Type mapping
● High performance and container native
○ One of the fastest HTTP transport based on Netty
○ Minimal Startup time(< 1s), low resource consumption.
○ Built-in ability to create Docker image with executable Ballerina program package
○ Run on any container management platform
21. Ballerina - Future
● Ballerina 1.0 release on 2017 Q4
● Why yet another language?
○ Make it easier to consume and produce networked services and applications.
○ Ballerina has been influenced by Java, Go, C, Node, Javascript, Maven, Tomcat, and a variety
of other awesome tools.
● When should I use Ballerina?
○ Write integration microservices/miniservices: 80-20 rule
■ If 80% of your service is about integrating with other services, data and APIs then use
Ballerina.
■ If just 20% is integration then use Java / Node / Go / PHP / XYZ
○ Re-compose existing services to be API backends
○ Write integration scripts
■ Replacement for shell scripts that use curl a lot
23. Ballerina - Try it!
● DOWNLOAD v0.91 and twirl away:
○ http://ballerinalang.org/
● Source Code : https://github.com/ballerinalang/
● NOTE: Still work-in-progress. New releases every two weeks with major
features still coming along. Missing docs. A (few) bugs. Etc.!
24. ● Managing a network of microservices and inter-service communications
● Not really a composite microservice development technology.
● Eg: Istio - https://istio.io, Linkered https://linkerd.io/
Service Mesh Solutions
25. ● Understanding service granularities.
● Technologies for building integration microservices.
Summary