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27 Nystagmus
1. Nystagmus
Causes in infants and children
o Slow < 40 jerks / min o Albinism
o Fast > 100 jer / min o Bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia = morsier’s
syndrome
o Bilateral media opacities
o Achromatopsia
So κ.φ= 40 – 100 jerks /min
o Retinitis pigmentosA = USHER’S SYNDROME
Amplitude
o Fine < 1mm
o Coarse > 3mm
Involvement
o Bilateral eyes
o Unilateral eye
ABSENT NYSTAGMUS IN ACUTE SEVERE
VERTIGO IS UNUSUAL
Normal findings
o Lateral gaze nystagmus
Ubnormal findings
o Spontaneous or front gaze nystagmus
o Horizontal = peripheral disease = unilateral
vestibular pathology
o Vertical = CNS = brain stem lesion