2. RFID Tags
• Overview of RFID Based Systems
Friday, 2 November 12
3. RFID Tags
• Overview of RFID Based Systems
• Examples of the types Tags available
Friday, 2 November 12
4. RFID Tags
• Overview of RFID Based Systems
• Examples of the types Tags available
• How certain types of RFID Tags work
Friday, 2 November 12
5. RFID Tags
• Overview of RFID Based Systems
• Examples of the types Tags available
• How certain types of RFID Tags work
• Examples of Applications of RFID systems
Friday, 2 November 12
6. About Me
Friday, 2 November 12
using Flash Remoting/BlazeDS with Coldfusion as the
middleware to database servers
manufactures RFID Tags and RFID readers
7. About Me
• Chris Velevitch
Friday, 2 November 12
using Flash Remoting/BlazeDS with Coldfusion as the
middleware to database servers
manufactures RFID Tags and RFID readers
8. About Me
• Chris Velevitch
• Flex Developer
Friday, 2 November 12
using Flash Remoting/BlazeDS with Coldfusion as the
middleware to database servers
manufactures RFID Tags and RFID readers
9. About Me
• Chris Velevitch
• Flex Developer
• Magellan Technology, Sydney
Friday, 2 November 12
using Flash Remoting/BlazeDS with Coldfusion as the
middleware to database servers
manufactures RFID Tags and RFID readers
10. What are RFID
Systems?
Friday, 2 November 12
Radio Frequency Identification Systems use radio-
frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data from a
device attached to an object. "
11. What are RFID
Systems?
• RFID - Radio Frequency Identification
Friday, 2 November 12
Radio Frequency Identification Systems use radio-
frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data from a
device attached to an object. "
12. What are RFID
Systems?
• RFID - Radio Frequency Identification
• Uses Radio Waves to transfer Identity Data
Friday, 2 November 12
Radio Frequency Identification Systems use radio-
frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data from a
device attached to an object. "
13. What are RFID
Systems?
• RFID - Radio Frequency Identification
• Uses Radio Waves to transfer Identity Data
• Tags are physically attached to some object
that needs to be identified/tracked
Friday, 2 November 12
Radio Frequency Identification Systems use radio-
frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data from a
device attached to an object. "
14. Aspects of RFID Tags
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There are many things to take into consideration when
designing an RFID based system.
There are quite a few of them, but some of them are
mutually exclusive.
15. Aspects of RFID Tags
• Active vs Passive
Friday, 2 November 12
Active means it has it's own power source, whereas
passive gets its power from the interrogator
16. Aspects of RFID Tags
• Active vs Passive
• Static vs Dynamic vs Updatable
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Apart from it's unique ID, the data sent with ID is either:-
1) always the same
2) is different each time it is read
3) or it has been changed at some stage
17. Aspects of RFID Tags
• Active vs Passive
• Static vs Dynamic vs Updatable
• Long Range vs Short Range
Friday, 2 November 12
The distance between the object and the interrogator.
Distances can range from 1 cm to 300 Km
18. Aspects of RFID Tags
• Active vs Passive
• Static vs Dynamic vs Updatable
• Long Range vs Short Range
• Proximity (of the tags)
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If tagged objects are physically close together
This has an impact on how many tags per second can be
read which has an impact on the type of reader and type
of tag needed
this can range from < 1 a sec to 300 per sec
19. Aspects of RFID Tags
• Active vs Passive
• Static vs Dynamic vs Updatable
• Long Range vs Short Range
• Proximity Based (of the objects)
• Frequency
Friday, 2 November 12
The frequency of the Radio Waves. They can range from
120kHz (HF) to 10 GHz (microwave)
the distance between the object and interrogator
determines the frequency at which the data is transmitted
before the RF signal is too weak to detect
Radio waves weaken at a rate inversely proportional to the
square of the distance (1/(d**2))
20. Aspects of RFID Tags
• Active vs Passive
• Static vs Dynamic vs Updatable
• Long Range vs Short Range
• Proximity Based (of the objects)
• Frequency
• Command and Control
Friday, 2 November 12
There is the expectation that reading or listening for a tag
creates a side-effect in that something happens as a result
21. Aspects of RFID Tags
• Active vs Passive
• Static vs Dynamic vs Updatable
• Long Range vs Short Range
• Proximity Based (of the objects)
• Frequency
• Command and Control
• Interrogator talks first vs device talks first
Friday, 2 November 12
communication is initiated by the interrogator or the device
With passive tags, device talks first is no longer used
today because in the earlier techniques of design and
manufacturing of the IC’s used couldn’t packed into a
small enough space the complex circuits needed for the
sophisticated handshaking and control of the tags
Detailed reasons to follow
22. Aspects of RFID Tags
• Active vs Passive
• Static vs Dynamic vs Updatable
• Long Range vs Short Range
• Proximity Based (of the objects)
• Frequency
• Command and Control
• Interrogator talks first vs device talks first
• Amount of Data Required
Friday, 2 November 12
The amount of data the device needs to store is
dependent on the application requirements and data
capacities available
They range from 1-bit to 64kb
23. Aspects of RFID Tags
• Active vs Passive
• Static vs Dynamic vs Updatable
• Long Range vs Short Range
• Proximity Based (of the objects)
• Frequency
• Command and Control
• Interrogator talks first vs device talks first
• Amount of Data Required
• Cost
Friday, 2 November 12
of the tag and the interrogator/reader
The interrogators or readers are generally more expensive
than the tags and cost of tags start at few cents each to a
few 100 dollars
there are cases in which the tags can be 10’s of 1000’s of
dollars each
the cost of the readers can range from 100’s of dollars to
millions
24. The data
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If tags are sourced from multiple manufacturers, the
manufacturer code is needed because it is possible have 2
or more tags with the same unique identifier.
optional user written data such as serial numbers, part
numbers, locations, expiry dates, descriptions, lot
numbers, etc
25. The data
• Manufacturer Code
Friday, 2 November 12
If tags are sourced from multiple manufacturers, the
manufacturer code is needed because it is possible have 2
or more tags with the same unique identifier.
optional user written data such as serial numbers, part
numbers, locations, expiry dates, descriptions, lot
numbers, etc
26. The data
• Manufacturer Code
• Fixed unique identifier
Friday, 2 November 12
If tags are sourced from multiple manufacturers, the
manufacturer code is needed because it is possible have 2
or more tags with the same unique identifier.
optional user written data such as serial numbers, part
numbers, locations, expiry dates, descriptions, lot
numbers, etc
27. The data
• Manufacturer Code
• Fixed unique identifier
• Optionally, object specific information
Friday, 2 November 12
If tags are sourced from multiple manufacturers, the
manufacturer code is needed because it is possible have 2
or more tags with the same unique identifier.
optional user written data such as serial numbers, part
numbers, locations, expiry dates, descriptions, lot
numbers, etc
30. Examples of tags
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Semi-passive or battery assisted. On board battery is
used to power everything except the antenna so all
received power can be used for transmitting back the
signal which will be stronger than passive tags
36. Examples of tags
Friday, 2 November 12
These chips are designed to be extremely low power
and contain control logic to control power
consumption, to send data and how much, to be
silent
37. Examples of tags
Tag Type GPT8 GPL5 MDT3 LMP7 MAG5 DIA4 DOC3 CC2.5 CC5
Specifications
Nominal Label Dimensions 26.9mm dia 16 x 50mm - 42 x 47mm 19 x 51mm 30 x 76mm 26 x 66mm 54 x 85mm 50 x 80mm
Antenna Dimensions 25 dia 14 x 48mm 31 x 41mm 39.45 x 44.40mm 16 x 48mm 27 x 73mm 20 x 60mm 45 x 76mm 45 x 76mm
Turns 8 5 3 7 5 4 3 2.5 5
Minimum Separation
1.5mm 1.0mm 0.1mm 3.0mm 1.0mm 1.8mm 0.1mm 1.0mm 4.0mm
Field Strength
A/m RMS 3.10 3.50 3.00 0.91 3.00 1.50 3.30 1.30 0.54
Applications Gaming Gaming Document Tracking Multi-purpose Insight maga- Diamond Document Document Tracking Multi-Purpose
Tokens Plaques Paper zine reader Tracking Tracking Paper Folders
Reader compatibility
MARS-AT * * * * * * * * *
Tunnel Readers:
MSTRP-6464 - - - x - - - x** x
MSTRP-5050 - - - x - - - x x
MSTRP-4040 x - x x x x x x x
Stand-alone Readers:
MDR-3021 - - - x - - - - x
MDR-1109 x x x x x x x x x
MDocR-2505 - - x - - - x x -
3D Readers:
M3DR-4330 x - x x x x x x x
Friday, 2 November 12
Magellan has a range of PJM RFID StackTags as detailed below. Tags can be supplied as bare inlets, transparent or paper labels. If required, Magellan can produce custom tags.
Note: not all tag types are held in stock. Minimum order quantities, design and set-up costs may apply.
* = Antenna Dependent
** = Not full 3D range
Copyright Magellan Technology 2012
38. How passive Tags work?
Friday, 2 November 12
They work on the same principles as transformers
39. How passive Tags work?
• How do passive tags get their power?
Friday, 2 November 12
They work on the same principles as transformers
40. How passive Tags work?
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The ratio of the voltages is equal to the ratio of the
number of turns in each coil.
41. How passive Tags work?
• How is the data sent and received?
Friday, 2 November 12
The coils also act as antennas
42. How passive Tags work?
Friday, 2 November 12
The coils act as antennas
43. How passive Tags work?
• How is the radio frequency generated
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44. How passive Tags work?
Friday, 2 November 12
Tuned Resonate circuit
46. How passive Tags work?
• Radio frequency interference
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If 2 tags are next to each other, their radio signals will interfere
and cancel each other out effectively making the 2 tags invisible
to the reader because the tag’s signal is weaker.
47. How passive Tags work?
Friday, 2 November 12
If 2 tags are next to each other, their radio signals will interfere
and cancel each other out effectively making the 2 tags invisible
to the reader because the tags are transmitting a strong enough
signal.
48. How passive Tags work?
Friday, 2 November 12
As the distance between 2 tags decreases the amplitude of the
each tags radio signal decreases
49. Proximity handling
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Tuned vs untuned circuits
Handled by the tag chip
readers can simultaneously listen all 8 channels
read rates are 300 tags/sec
50. Proximity handling
• Controlling the tag frequency
Friday, 2 November 12
Tuned vs untuned circuits
Handled by the tag chip
readers can simultaneously listen all 8 channels
read rates are 300 tags/sec
51. Proximity handling
• Controlling the tag frequency
• 8 Channels
Friday, 2 November 12
Tuned vs untuned circuits
Handled by the tag chip
readers can simultaneously listen all 8 channels
read rates are 300 tags/sec
62. Applications
Friday, 2 November 12
All commercial aircraft have RFID tags installed, the
reader/interrogator is located at Sydney airport (off
screen). Air traffic control radar triggers the aircraft
to send it’s ID along with altitude, speed, heading
and GPS location (and maybe some other data).
The tag is integrated with the aircraft avionics in
order to get the dynamic data
This is a specifically designed use case $$$
63. Applications
Friday, 2 November 12
All commercial aircraft have RFID tags installed, the
reader/interrogator is located at Sydney airport (off
screen). Air traffic control radar triggers the aircraft
to send it’s ID along with altitude, speed, heading
and GPS location (and maybe some other data).
The tag is integrated with the aircraft avionics in
order to get the dynamic data
This is a specifically designed use case $$$