1. Best Practices in Leading Change Presentation to Southern California SPIN 7 June 2002 Leitha Purcell Northrop Grumman Integrated Systems Sector Air Combat Systems
22. # 10: Manage the Driving Forces As Well As the Restraining Forces What Forces Affect Your Change Project? Lack of clear authority Crisis of opportunity Criteria of success not visible Externally focused Stable environment Acceptance of need to change Success Powerful leader Low turnover Powerful external influences Career-based organization Changes at the Top Restraining forces - personal psychological defenses or group norms embedded in the organizational or community culture. Driving forces – Dealing only with this side will immediately generate counterforces