The document discusses different theories of motivation. It describes two main categories of motivation theories: content theories and process theories. Content theories focus on internal factors that drive behavior, and some examples mentioned are Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Herzberg's two-factor theory, and McClelland's three needs theory. Process theories examine thought processes that influence behavior, such as equity theory, expectancy theory, and goal-setting theory. Maslow's hierarchy proposes that lower level needs must be satisfied before higher needs emerge, and Herzberg's two-factor theory distinguishes between motivators that drive satisfaction and hygiene factors necessary to avoid dissatisfaction.

1. Theories of Motivation
Prepared by:
Muhammad Bilal Khan
9617

2.  Motivation is the characteristic that
helps you achieve your goal. It is the
drive that pushes you to work hard .It is
the energy that gives you the strength to
get up and keep going - even when
things are not going your way.

3. Productive use of resources
Increased efficiency and
output
Achievement of goals
Development of friendly
relationships
Stability in workforce

4. .

5.  Theories of motivation are
divided into two main
categories:
1.Content Theories
2.Process theories

6.  The content theory of motivation mainly
focuses on the internal factors that energize
and direct human behavior.
 Maslow's hierarchy of needs
 Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory
 Alderfer's ERG theory
 McClelland's three-needs theory

7.  Process theories of motivation provide an
opportunity to understand thought processes
that influence behavior
 Adams' equity theory
 Vroom's expectancy theory
 Goal-setting theory

8.  Maslow's hierarchy of needs
 Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory

9. Hierarchy of Needs

10.  We each have a hierarchy of needs that
ranges from "lower" to "higher." As lower
needs are fulfilled there is a tendency for
other, higher needs to emerge.”
 Maslow’s theory maintains that a person
does not feel a higher need until the needs of
the current level have been satisfied.

12.  Physiological Motivation: Provide ample breaks for
lunch , pay salaries that allow workers to buy life's
essentials.
 Safety Needs: Provide a working environment which is
safe, relative job security, and freedom from threats.
 Social Needs: Generate a feeling of acceptance,
belonging by reinforcing team dynamics.

13.  Esteem Motivators: Recognize achievements, assign
important projects, and provide status to make
employees feel valued and appreciated.
 Self-Actualization: Offer challenging and meaningful
work assignments which enable innovation, creativity,
and progress according to long-term goals.

14. Two Factor Theory

15.  Frederick Herzberg performed studies to
determine which factors in an
employee's work environment caused
satisfaction or dissatisfaction. He
published his findings in the 1959 book
The Motivation to Work.

16. Satisfiers :motivators
• .
Dissatisfiers hygiene factors
•Term "hygiene" in the sense that they are
considered maintenance factors that are
necessary to avoid dissatisfaction but that by
themselves do not provide satisfaction.

17. Achievement
Recognition
Work itself
Responsibility
Advancement
Growth
Company policy
Supervision
Relationship w/Boss
Work conditions
Salary
Relationship w/Peers

18.  According to Herzberg: The job should have sufficient
challenge to utilize the full ability of the employee.
 Employees who demonstrate increasing levels of ability
should be given increasing levels of responsibility.
 If a job cannot be designed to use an employee's full
abilities, then the firm should consider automating the
task or replacing the employee with one who has a
lower level of skill. If a person cannot be fully utilized,
then there will be a motivation problem

19. .