PERCEPTION PROCESS

1. Amity Business
School
PROJECT ASSIGNMENT BY: SAKSHI TIWARI
MBA (GEN)

2. Mpob Assignment
PERCEPTION

3. Content
 Perception defined.
 Sensation vs perception.
 Elements in perception.
 Individual perception & perception process.
 Subprocess of perception.
 Factors involving influencing and affecting perception.
 Perceptual organization ..or perception in management.
 Barriers to perceptual accuracy.
 When perception fails..
 Managing the perception process.
 Social perception.

4.  Perception.
 Process.
 Inputs.
 Perceptual selection.
 Perceptual organization.
 Interpretation.
 Perceptual output.
 Barriers to perceptual accuracy.

5. PERCEPTION
COMPLICATED
INTERACTION
SELECTION
ORGANISATION
INTERPRETATION
What is perception?
Process of receiving information about and
making sense of the world around us. It
involves deciding which information to
notice, how to categorize this information
and how to interpret it within the framework
of our existing knowledge.
Literal definition
Latin "perceptio"
Sensory information in order to represent
and understand the environment around us.

6. Sensation & Perception
 Sensation
 People use their sensory organs to
sense.
 Senses receive stimuli both from within
and outside the body.
 Perception
 An individual takes in the raw data
through his senses and then refines,
modifies or completely alters it by his
cognition.

7. Elements in perception
 Involvement of an individual.
 Process.
 Receiving, selecting & organising sensory stimuli & data.
 Yield a picture of the environment.
 That picture varies between the reality & just opposite to the environment.

8. Individual perception & perception
process.

9. INDIVIDUAL’S
PERCEPTION
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
TARGET(PERCEIVED NATURE)
NATURE
SIZE
APPEARANCE
LOCATION etc.
PERCEIVER’S CHARACTERISTICS
NEEDS
EXPERIENCES
VALUES
ATTITUDES
PERSONALITY
SITUATIONAL FACTORS
PHYSICAL SETTING
SOCIAL SETTING
ORGANISATIONAL SETTING

10. RECEIVING STIMULI
EXTERNAL
INTERNAL STIMULI
SELECTIVE ALTERATION
EXTERNAL
• NATURE
• LOCATION
• SIZE
• CONTRAST
• MOVEMENT
• REPETITION
• NOVELITY
• FAMILARITY
• INTERNAL
• LEARNING
• NEEDS
• AGE
• INTEREST
• AMBIVALENCE
• PARANOIS PERCEPTION
INTERPRETING
• PERCEPTION SET
• ATTRIBUTION
• STEREOTYPING
• DEFENCE
ORGANISING
• ORGANISES RECEIVE STIMULI THROUGH
5 SENSORY ORGANS
AMBIGIOUS FIGURES
• FIGURE GROUND
• GROUPING
• CONSTANCY
RESPONSE
• CONVERT
• ATTITUDES(BEHAVIOURAL)
• MOTIVATION
• RESPONSE

11. Subprocessof
perception

12. Factors that involve perception.
• External environmental factors.
• Intensity.
• Size.
• Contrast.
• Repetition.
• Motion.
• Novelty & familiarity.
 Internal environmental factors.
 Learning.
 Motivation.
 Personality.

13. Factors influencing perception.
A. Perceiver.
B. Target .
C. Situation.

14. Causes of factors being affected
Characteristics of situation
 Strategic situation need.
 Additional & talented inputs from
managers as well as their
subordinates in the process of
decision making.
Characteristics of perceiver
 Needs & motive.
 Self concept.
 Past experiences.
 Current psychological or emotional
state.

15. Perceptual set in the workplace.
 Motivation and perception.
 Personality and perception.
 Professional experience and knowledge.
 Paranoid perception.

16. SUPERVISOR
EXPECTANCY
LEADERSHIP
SUBORDINATE
SELF
EXPECTANCY
MOTIVATION
PERFORMANCE
Perception in
management.
Perceptual organization
Emphasizes on the
subsequent activities that
take place in the perceptual
process after a stimulus is
received.

17. Perceptual organization contains
 Figure ground.
 Perceptual grouping.
 Social identity.
 Perceptual constancy.
 Perceptual context.
 Perceptual defense.
 Prioritizing & simplifying.

19. Context
Defense

20. Barriers to perceptual accuracy.

21. Selective perception

22. When perception fails,
 The process of checking.
 The process of reacting.
 When perception fails.
• Self fulfilling prophecies.
• Illusions.

23. Managing the perception process
 Have a high level of awareness.
 Seek information from various sources to confirm or disconfirm personal
impressions of a decision.
 Be empathetic.
 Influence perceptions of other people when they are drawing incorrect or
incomplete impressions of events in the work setting.
 Avoid common perceptual distortions that bias our views of people &
situations.
 Avoid inappropriate attributions.
 Diversity management programs.

24. Social perception
 Process of combining, integrating & interpreting information about to gain
an accurate understanding of them.

25. Thankyou!