A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage device formed by combining carbon nanotubes with paper. It functions similarly to both a battery and supercapacitor. The paper battery contains carbon nanotubes embedded in paper soaked with an ionic liquid electrolyte. Electrons flow from the negative to positive terminal through the nanotubes and electrolyte during the chemical reaction, generating electricity. Paper batteries have advantages over conventional batteries like being flexible, lightweight, non-toxic, and capable of use in harsh environments. Potential applications include powering electronics, medical devices, and vehicles.

1. PAPER
BATTERY
PRESENTED BY: KRITI CHAURASIA

2. WHAT IS A PAPER BATTERY
 A PAPER BATTERY IS A FLEXIBLE,
ULTRA-THIN ENERGY STORAGE
AND PRODUCTION DEVICE
FORMED BY COMBINING CARBON
NANOTUBE WITH A
CONVENTIONAL SHEET OF
CELLULOSE-BASED PAPER.
 A PAPER BATTERY ACT AS BOTH A
HIGH ENERGY BATTERY AND
SUPERCAPACITOR COMBINING
TWO COMPONENTS THAT ARE
SEPARATE IN TRADITIONAL
ELECTRONICS.

3. CONVENTIONAL BATTERY VS PAPER
BATTERY
 CONVENTIONAL BATTERY PRODUCE ELECTRONS
THROUGH A CHEMICAL REACTION BETWEEN
ELECTROLYTE AND METAL.
 CHEMICAL REACTION IN PAPER BATTERY IS BETWEEN
ELECTROLYTE AND CARBON NANOTUBES.
 ELECTRONS MUST FLOW FROM NEGATIVE TO POSITIVE
TERMINAL FOR THE CHEMICAL REACTION.

4. MATERIALS AND DESCRIPTION
 THIS ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE IS BASED ON TWO
BASIC, INEXPENSIVE MATERIAL:
 CARBON NANOTUBES
 CELLULOSE
 ALSO AN IONIC LIQUID
PROVIDES THE THIRD
COMPONENT:
 ELECTROLYTE

5. WHAT IS CARBON NANOTUBE
 A CARBON NANOTUBE IS A TUBE-SHAPED
MATERIAL, MADE OF CARBON, HAVING A
DIAMETER MEASURING ON THE NANOMETER
SCALE.
 CARBON NANOTUBE HAVE MANY STRUCTURES
DIFFERING IN LENGTH, THICKNESS AND IN TYPE
OF HELICITY AND NUMBER OF LAYERS.
 ALTHOUGH THEY ARE FORMED FROM
ESSENTIALLY THE SAME GRAPHITE SHEETS,
THEIR ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS DIFFER
DEPENDING ON THESE VARIATIONS, EITHER
ACTING AS METALS OR AS SEMICONDUCTOR.

6. CARBON NANOTUBES CAN BE
CATEGORISED BY THEIR STRUCTURES
 SINGLE-WALL
 DOUBLE-WALL
 MULTI-WALL

7. VIDEO ON CONSTRUCTION OF
PAPER BATTERY

13. HOW PAPER BATTERY WORKS?
 WHILE A CONVENTIONAL BATTERY CONTAINS A
NUMBER OF SEPARATE COMPONENTS, THE PAPER
BATTERY ALL OF THE BATTERY COMPONENTS IN A
SINGLE STRUCTURE, MAKING IT MORE ENERGY
EFFIECIENT, INTEGRATED DEVICE.
 THE PAPER BATTERY CONTAINS CARBON
NANOTUBES, EACH ABOUT ONE MILLIONTH OFA
CENTIMETER THICK, WHICH ACTS AS AN
ELECTRODE. THE NANOTUBES ARE EMBEDDED IN A
SHEET OF PAPER SOAKED IN IONIC LIQUID
ELECTROLYTES, WHICH CONDUCT THE
ELECTRICITY.

14. ELECTRICITY IS THE FLOW OF ELECTRICAL POEWR OR
ELECTRONS.
BATTERIES PRODUCE ELECTRON THROUGH A CHEMICAL
REACTION BETWEEN ELECTROLYTE AND METAL IN THE
TRAIDITIONAL BATTERY.
CHEMICAL REACTION IN THE PAPER BATTERY IS BETWEEN
ELECTROLYTE AND CARBON NANOTUBE.
ELECTRONS COLLECT ON THE NEGATIVE TERMINAL OF THE
BATTERY AND FLOW ALONG A CONNECTED WIRE TO THE
POSITIVE TERMINAL.
ELECTRONS MUST FLOW FROM THE NEGATIVE TO POSITIVE
TERMINAL FOR THE CHEMICAL REACTION TO CONTINUE.

15. SIX IMPORTANT REASONS HOW PAPER
BATTERIES ARE BETTER THAN THEIR
CONVENTIONAL COUNTERPARTS
 PAPER BATTERIES HAVE LONG LASTING TIME.
 THEY ARE NONTOXIC AS THEY DO NOT INVOLVE HARMFUL
CHEMICAL REACTIONS.
 THEY ARE FLEXIBLE AND CAN BE FOLDED OR CUT WITHOUT
ANY EFFECT ON THEIR EFFICIENCIES. THIS IS BECAUSE OF THE
FACT THAT THEY ARE MADE UP OF MATERIALS LIKE
CELLULOSE AND CARBON NANOTUBES WHICH HAVE HIGH
TENSILE STRENGTH.
 THEY ARE DISPOSABLE AS THEY ARE MADE UP OF CELLULOSE
WHICH IS BIO DEGRADABLE AND NONTOXIC.
 THEY CAN BE USED IN HARSH CLIMATE CONDITIONS LIKE HEAT
AND COLD. THIS IS BECAUSE THE ELECTROLYTE DOES NOT
INVOLVE WATER WHICH MAKES THE BATTERY OPERATE IN THE
RANGE OF -75 TO 150 DEGREE CELSIUS.
 THEY UTILIZE CARBON NANOTUBES, WHICH ARE ONE OF THE
MOST HIGHLY EFFICIENT CONDUCTORS OF ELECTRICITY.

16. ADVANTAGES OF PAPER BATTERY
 IT IS FLEXIBLE AND VERY LIGHT WEIGHT
 IT OFFERS HIGH TENSILE STRENGHT
 IT IS BIODEGRADABLE AND BIO COMPATIBLE
MATERIAL
 IT PROVIDES LOW SHEAR STRENGTH
 IT IS NON-TOXIC
 IT HAS MAGNIFICIENT ABSORPTION CAPACITY
AND POROSITY
 IT HAVE HIGH PACKING DENSITY AND LOW MASS
DENSITY

17. APPLICATION OF PAPER BATTERY

18. 1. IN ELECTRONICS:
o in calculators, wrist watch and other low drain devices.
o in wireless communication devices like speakers, mouse,
keyboard ,Bluetooth headsets etc.
o in Enhanced Printed Circuit Board(PCB)
2. IN MEDICAL SCIENCE:
o in Pacemakers for the heart
o in Artificial tissues (using Carbon nanotubes)
o in Cosmetics, Drug-delivery systems
o in Biosensors, such as Glucose meters, Sugar meters, etc.
3. IN AUTOMOBILES AND AIRCRAFTS:
o in Hybrid Car batteries
o in Long Air Flights reducing Refueling
o for Light weight guided missiles

19. DISADVANTAGES OF PAPER BATTERY
 CARBON NANOTUBES ARE VERY EXPENSIVE.
 BATTERIES WITH LARGE ENOUGH POWER ARE
UNLIKELY TO BE COST EFFECTIVE.
 FOR A COMMERCIAL VIABILITIS, THESE
BATTERIES HAVE TO BE SCALED UPTO SHEETS OF
NEWSPAPER SIZE.
 REPLACING THE OLD BATTERIES RESULTS
WASTAGE OF OLD ELECTRONIC GOODS.
 GENERATION OF E-WASTE.

20. PAPER BATTERY OFFERS FUTURE
POWER
 THE BLACK PIECE OF PAPER CAN POWER A SMALL
LIGHT.
 FLEXIBLE PAPER BATTERIES COULD MEET THE ENERGY
DEMANDS OF THE NEXT GENERATION OF THE GADGETS.
 THE AMBITION IS TO PRODUCE REAMS OF PAPER THAT
COULD ONE DAY POWER A CAR.
 THE PAPER BATTERY WAS A GLIMPSE INTO THE FUTURE
OF POWER STORAGE.
 THE VERSATILE PAPER,WHICH STORES ENERGY LIKE A
CONVENTIONAL BATTERY, CAN ALSO DOUBLES AS A
CAPACITOR OF RELEASING SUDDEN ENERGY BURSTS
FOR HIGH-POWER APPLICATIONS.

21. CONCLUSION
 THE LIFE OF A BATTERY IS AN IMPORTANT
PARAMETER WHICH DECIDES THE AREA OF
APPLICATION OF BATTERY.
 THESE PAPER BATTERIES CAN FURTHUR REDUCE
THE WEIGHT OF THE ELECTRONIC GADGETS.
 THE FUTURE MAY ALLOW SIMPLY PAINTING THE
NANOTUBE INK AND ACTIVE MATERIALS ONTO
SURFACES SUCH AS WALLS.
 HIGH STORAGE OF ENERGY LEADS TO DECREASE
CHARGING TIME. THUS ENERGY CAN BE SAVED.

22. o THIS ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE IS COST-
EFFECTIVE BECAUSE THE DEVICE CAN BE ABLE
TO BE USED IN THE SMALLEST AND MOST
DIVERSELY DESIGNED ELECTRONICS. SUCH AS
CELL PHONES, MP3 PLAYERS AND MEDICAL
EQUIPMENT.
o THE RESEARCHERS SAY THAT IT CAN ALSO BE
USED IN AUTOMOBILES AND AIR-CRAFT. BUT IT
HAS A POOR PROCESSIBILITY, BEING THAT IT IS
PARTICULARLY INSOLUBLE OF INFUSIBLE.
LASTLY THE USE OF IONIC LIQUID MAKES THE
DEVICE ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY; A MAJOR
CONCERN IN NANO TECHNOLOGY.

23. THANK YOU