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Ch15
1.
c h a
p t e r 15 ETHICAL & SOCIAL IMPACT OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS 15.1 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
2.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• ANALYZE ETHICAL, SOCIAL, POLITICAL ISSUES RAISED BY INFORMATION SYSTEMS • IDENTIFY, APPLY MORAL DIMENSIONS OF INFORMATION SOCIETY * 15.2 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
3.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• APPLY ETHICAL ANALYSIS • EXAMINE ETHICAL PRINCIPLES FOR CONDUCT • DESIGN CORPORATE POLICIES FOR ETHICAL CONDUCT * 15.3 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
4.
MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES
• UNDERSTAND ETHICAL & SOCIAL ISSUES RELATED TO SYSTEMS • ETHICS IN AN INFORMATION SOCIETY • MORAL DIMENSION OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS * 15.4 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
5.
ETHICS
PRINCIPLES OF RIGHT AND WRONG USED BY INDIVIDUALS AS FREE MORAL AGENTS TO GUIDE BEHAVIOR * 15.5 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
6.
ETHICAL, SOCIAL &
POLITICAL ISSUES INFORMATION POLITICAL ISSUES PROPERTY RIGHTS & RIGHTS & OBLIGATIONS OBLIGATIONS SOCIAL ISSUES ETHICAL ISSUES INFORMATION & TECHNOLOGY INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTABILITY SYSTEM & CONTROL QUALITY SOCIETY POLITY 15.6 QUALITY OF LIFE © 2002 by Prentice Hall
7.
MORAL DIMENSIONS OF
THE INFORMATION AGE • INFORMATION RIGHTS & OBLIGATIONS • PROPERTY RIGHTS • ACCOUNTABILITY & CONTROL • SYSTEM QUALITY • QUALITY OF LIFE * 15.7 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
8.
TECHNOLOGY TRENDS &
ETHICAL ISSUES • COMPUTING POWER DOUBLES EVERY 18 MONTHS • DECLINING COSTS OF DATA STORAGE • DATA MINING ADVANCES • NETWORKING ADVANCES & INTERNET * 15.8 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
9.
ETHICS IN AN
INFORMATION SOCIETY • RESPONSIBILITY: Accepting costs, duties, obligations for decisions • ACCOUNTABILITY: Assessing responsibilities for decisions & actions • LIABILITY: Must pay for legal damages • DUE PROCESS: Insures laws are applied properly * 15.9 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
10.
ETHICS IN AN
INFORMATION SOCIETY ETHICAL ANALYSIS: • IDENTIFY, DESCRIBE FACTS • DEFINE CONFLICT, IDENTIFY VALUES • IDENTIFY STAKEHOLDERS • IDENTIFY OPTIONS • IDENTIFY POTENTIAL CONSEQUENCES * 15.10 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
11.
ETHICS IN AN
INFORMATION SOCIETY ETHICAL PRINCIPLES: • TREAT OTHERS AS YOU WANT TO BE TREATED • IF ACTION NOT RIGHT FOR EVERYONE, NOT RIGHT FOR ANYONE (KANT) • IF ACTION NOT REPEATABLE, NOT RIGHT AT ANY TIME (DESCARTES) • PUT VALUE ON OUTCOMES, UNDERSTAND CONSEQUENCES • INCUR LEAST HARM OR COST • NO FREE LUNCH 15.11 * © 2002 by Prentice Hall
12.
INFORMATION RIGHTS
PRIVACY: Right to be left alone FAIR INFORMATION PRACTICES (FIP): • NO SECRET PERSONAL RECORDS • INDIVIDUALS CAN ACCESS, AMEND INFORMATION ABOUT THEM • USE INFO ONLY WITH PRIOR CONSENT • MANAGERS ACCOUNTABLE FOR DAMAGE DONE BY SYSTEMS • GOVERNMENTS CAN INTERVENE * 15.12 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
13.
U.S. FEDERAL PRIVACY
LAWS GENERAL FEDERAL PRIVACY LAWS: FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT, 1968 PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS PRIVACY ACT OF 1986 COMPUTER MATCHING AND PRIVACY PROTECTION ACT OF 1988 COMPUTER SECURITY ACT OF 1987 FEDERAL MANAGERS FINANCIAL INTEGRITY ACT OF 1982 * 15.13 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
14.
U.S. FEDERAL PRIVACY
LAWS PRIVACY LAWS AFFECTING PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS: FAIR CREDIT REPORTING ACT, 1970 FAMILY EDUCATION RIGHTS & PRIVACY ACT OF 1978 RIGHT TO FINANCIAL PRIVACY ACT OF 1978 PRIVACY PROTECTION ACT OF 1980 CABLE COMMUNICATIONS POLICY ACT OF 1984 ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS PRIVACY ACT OF 1997 * 15.14 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
15.
U.S. FEDERAL PRIVACY
LAWS MORE PRIVACY LAWS AFFECTING PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS: VIDEO PRIVACY PROTECTION ACT OF 1988 CONSUMER INTERNET PRIVACY PROTECTION ACT OF 1997 COMMUNICATIONS PRIVACY & CONSUMER EMPOWERMENT ACT OF 1997 DATA PRIVACY ACT OF 1997 CONSUMER INTERNET PRIVACY PROTECTION ACT OF 1999 * 15.15 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
16.
ACCOUNTABILITY, LIABILITY &
CONTROL ETHICAL ISSUES: Who is morally responsible for consequences of use? SOCIAL ISSUES: What should society expect and allow? POLITICAL ISSUES: To what extent should government intervene, protect? 15.16 * © 2002 by Prentice Hall
17.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: Intangible creations protected by law TRADE SECRET: Intellectual work or product belonging to business, not in public domain COPYRIGHT: Statutory grant protecting intellectual property from copying by others for 28 years * 15.17 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
18.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
TRADE MARK: Legally registered mark, device, or name to distinguish one’s goods PATENT: Legal document granting owner exclusive monopoly on an invention for 17 years * 15.18 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
19.
SYSTEM QUALITY:
DATA QUALITY & SYSTEM ERRORS ETHICAL ISSUES: When is software or service ready for release? SOCIAL ISSUES: Can people trust quality of software, services, data? POLITICAL ISSUES: Should congress or industry develop standards for software, hardware, data quality? * 15.19 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
20.
QUALITY OF LIFE
CENTRALIZATION VS. DECENTRALIZATION RAPID CHANGE: Reduced response time to competition MAINTAINING BOUNDARIES: Family, work, leisure DEPENDENCE AND VULNERABILITY COMPUTER CRIME & ABUSE * 15.20 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
21.
QUALITY OF LIFE
EMPLOYMENT: Trickle-down technology; reengineering job loss EQUITY & ACCESS: Increasing racial & social class cleavages HEALTH RISKS * 15.21 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
22.
QUALITY OF LIFE
HEALTH RISKS: • REPETITIVE STRESS INJURY (RSI) • CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME (CTS) • COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME (CVS) • TECHNOSTRESS: Irritation, hostility, impatience, enervation, fear • VDT RADIATION * 15.22 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
23.
INTERNET CRIME &
ABUSE • HACKING: Access to proprietary data • JAMMING: Tie up host computer • MALICIOUS SOFTWARE: Viruses disable computer • SNIFFING: Intercept data passing through system, e.g. credit card data • SPOOFING: Fraudulent misrepresentation * 15.23 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
24.
MANAGEMENT ACTIONS: A
CORPORATE CODE OF ETHICS INFORMATION RIGHTS & OBLIGATIONS PROPERTY RIGHTS & OBLIGATIONS ACCOUNTABILITY & CONTROL SYSTEM QUALITY QUALITY OF LIFE * 15.24 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
25.
c h a
p t e r 15 ETHICAL & SOCIAL IMPACT OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS 15.25 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
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