- The document provides an overview of the major components of the Essar Power Salaya thermal power plant located in India, including its boiler, turbine generator, transformer yard, and switchyard. - The plant has a capacity of 1200 MW generated from a subcritical boiler that converts water into high pressure steam. This steam powers a steam turbine connected to an electrical generator. - The transformer yard contains equipment like circuit breakers, transformers, and bus ducts that help manage the distribution of electricity produced at different voltage levels within the plant.

1. VOCATIONAL TRAINING PRESENTATION
2014 - 15
NAME : LAKHAMAN B. VADHER
DEPTT : ELECTRICAL
COLLEGE : GOVERNMENT ENGNEERING
COLLEGE BHARUCH

2. Introduction
• In India 70% of total power is generated by the Thermal
Power Stations.
• Essar power is one leading company in electrical power
generation
• Essar Power Salaya
• Capacity:- 1200 MW (2*600 MW)
• It is based on coal fired power plant
• Project site area :- 330 Ha
• Narmada water used as condenser cooling water Boiler
water
• Power evacuation at 400 KV to state utility

3. Major Learning
• Boiler Unit
• TG (Turbine Generator) Unit
• Transformer Yard
• Switchyard(HV,MV,LV)
• Coal Handling System
• Ash Handling System
• ESP (Electrostatic Precipitator)
• Cooling Tower
• Different type of Motor and Pump
•

4. Basic Layout of Thermal Power
Plant

5. Boiler
• Boiler is steam generator. It convert water into high
pressure and high temperature steam
• In Essar power plant Salaya Subcritical type of boiler is
used.
• A subcritical steam generator is a type of boiler that
operates at subcritical pressure
• Main steam flow:- 2060 TPH
• Main steam outlet pres.:- 17.50 Mpa
• Main steam outlet temp.:- 541° C
• Feed water pres.:- 19.492 Mpa
• Feed water temp. :- 281.7 ° C
• Reheat steam flow :- 1725.9 TPH

6. 6
Schematic Diagram of subcritical Boiler

7. BOILER SIDEVIEW
7

8. Steam Turbine
• A steam turbine is a device that extracts thermal energy
from pressurized steam and uses it to do mechanical
work on a rotating output shaft
• And main output shaft is coupled with electrical generator
• Turbine divided into 3 Stage
I. HP (High Pressure Turbine)
II. IP (Intermit Pressure Turbine)
III. LP (Low Pressure Turbine)
• Rated Output :- 600 MW
• Rated Speed :- 3000 RPM
• Steam pressure :- 16.7 Mpa
• Steam temperature :- 538 ° C
• Direction of rotation :- Clockwise

9. Steam Turbine

10. Electrical Generator
• Electric generator is a device that converts mechanical
energy to electrical energy.
• Main part of generator are stator and rotor.
• Output of electrical power taken from stator terminal.
• D.C. supply to the rotor winding through brush and slip
ring.
• In Essar power water hydrogen cool synchronous
generator is used

11. Generator

12. Generator Specification
Parameter Value
MW Rating 600MW
Rated Voltage 20KV
Rated Stator current 20377 A
Rated Speed 3000 RPM
Rated Frequency 50 Hz

13. Generator Cooling
• Cooling needed in large size generator
 Two Type of Cooling system
I.Water cooling
II.Hydrogen cooling
• Water is used for stator cooling.
• Hydrogen are used for rotor cooling as well as stator
cooling

14. STATOR
COOLING
WATER TANK
STATOR
COOLING
WATER TANK
MM
MM
COOLER
A
COOLER
A
COOLER
B
COOLER
B
STATOR COOLING
WATER PUMP A
STATOR COOLING
WATER PUMP B
GENERATORGENERATOR
STRAINER B
STRAINER A
Stator water cooling
cycle

15. Transformer Yard
 Main Equipment used Trafoyard
I. GCB (Generator Circuit Breaker)
II. ST (Station Transformer)
III. UT (Unit Transformer)
IV. GT (Generator Transformer)
V. NGR (Neutral Grounding Resistor)

16. Transformer Yard SLD

17. GCB
• Protection of the Generator against system-fed
shortcircuit currents
• The GCB is an effective protection device for the
transformer and the generator
I. Starting and maintenance stages
II. Synchronization and normal conditions
III. Abnormal conditions including
• Overvoltages, un-balanced load
•
Short circuit
–
Step up transformer side
–
Generator side
•
Out of Phase Requirements

18. Station Transformer
• ST is used supply station common load such as Coal
handling,DM plant, etc.
• Transformer used in salaya power plant is three winding
transformer
• Specification
Parameter Value
Rated MVA 70 MVA
Voltage 20/11/33KV
Frequency 50Hz
Number Phase 3
Vector Group Dyn11yn11

19. Unit Transformer
• Unit Transformer supply separate unit load such as
Boiler auxiliary,Cooling tower and Turbine auxiliary etc.
• Specification
Parameter Value
Rated MVA 45MVA
Rated Voltage 20/11.5KV
No. Of Phase 3
Vector Group Dy11

20. GT(Generator Transformer)
• As an essential element of all nuclear, thermal or
hydraulic power stations.
• GT are step-up transformer with delta connected LV
side and star connected HV side
• In Essar power salaya OLTC is used and GT consist of
three single phase transformer unit.
 GT Specification
Parameter Value
Rated MVA 250MVA
Rated Voltage at no load 21/420KV
Vector Group YNd1
Type Of cooling ONAN/ONAF/OFAF

21. NGR(Neutral Grounding
Resistor)
• The suitable Neutral Grounding Resistance (NGR)
should be installed between neutral point (star point) and
the ground to restrict the earth fault current to 50 Amps
• it is used to limit the current flowing through ground.
• it measures the resistance between the neutral and the
GND.
• There two consideration to Select NGR
1) Plant capacity
2) Current carrieng capacity

22. Bus Duct
• Different types of bus-ducts are provided as per
application/ current and voltage rating.
I. IPBD (Isolated phase bus duct)
II. SPBD (segregated phase bus duct)
III. NSPBD (non segregated phase bus duct)
 IPBD: In 20 kV,22000A Generator to Generator
transformer main run
 SPBD:-11kV, 1500 A between Unit transformer to Unit
switchgear
 NSPBD:-0.433kv, 3333.43A between service transformer
to PMCC and MCC

23. IPBD (Isolated phase bus duct)

24. SPBD (segregated phase bus
duct)

25. NSPBD (non segregated phase bus duct)

26. Switch Yard
• Three type of switch yard in Essar salaya power it’s
divided in based on voltage level
I. HV (High Voltage Switch yard )
II. MV (Medium voltage)
III. LV (Low Voltage)

27. HV Switch yard
• Electric power is generated in Generation Station. The
voltage at which is power is generated in generation
station lies between 11kv to 25kv.
• SwitchYard Definition It is switching station with incoming
and outgoing feeders but without the transformer. It is a
type of substation but incoming feeders and outgoing
feeders are of same voltage level. Some times, the out
door area of a substation where the circuit breakers are
located are also called switchyard of the substation A
switchyard connects and disconnects lines on the grid for
various reasons. The operations and equipment are
essentially all at the same voltage level.

28. Equipment in switch yard
 Main Equipment used in HV switch yard
 CVT(capacitive voltage transformer)
 CT(current transformer)
 Isolator
 Circuit Breaker
 Bus bar
 Wave trip
 EMVT( electromagnetic voltage transformer)
 LA (lighting arrester)
 Earth switch

29. CVT(capacitive voltage transformer)
• Capacitor Voltage
Transformers convert
transmission
class voltages to
standardized low and
easily
measurable values,
which are used for
metering,
protection and control of
the high voltage
system.

30. CT (current transformer)
• A current transformer
(CT) is used for
measurement of
alternating electric
currents.
• A current transformer
produces a reduced
current accurately
proportional to the current
in the circuit, which can be
conveniently connected to
measuring and recording
instruments.

31. Isolator
• Isolator is an off load device
which is operated by remote
control or local. Isolators
provided in switchyard are
central break type.
 Types of Electrical
Isolators
1) Double Break Isolator
2) Single Break Isolator
3) Pantograph type Isolator

32. Circuit Breaker
• A circuit breaker is an
automatically operated
electrical switch designed to
protect an electrical circuit
from damage caused by
overload or short circuit
• Its basic function is to detect
a fault condition and
interrupt current flow

33. Busbar
• A busbar in electrical power distribution refers to thick
strips of copper or aluminium that conduct electricity
within a switchboard, distribution board, substation, or
other electrical apparatus
• The size of the busbar is important in determining the
maximum amount of current that can be safely carried.

34. Wave trap
• Wave traps are used
for communication
purpose during fault
conditions. Wave
traps offer high
impedance path for
high frequency
signals & low
impedance path for
power frequency
current.

35. EMVT (electromagnetic voltage
transformer)
EMVT- Electromagnetic voltage transformer . As the name
says its works in the principle of electromagnetic induction
principle.Its just a stepdown transformer,stepdown voltage i.e
higher voltage to meserable voltage by instruments
connected to measurement and protection.

36. LA (lighting arrester)
• A lightning arrester is a device used on electrical
power systems and telecommunication systems to
protect the insulation and conductors of the system from
the damaging effects of lightning

37. • Earth switches used in
substation . in that when
isolator
OPEN condition earth
switch is CLOSED. here
any induction
that passes through earth
switch to ground. when
isolator in
CLOSED condition Earth
switch should be Open
Earth Switch

38. CONCLUSION
The Overview of this project is about the various techniques
involved in 400 KV Switchyard Of Essar Power Plant. By
this we get To Know About the operation of different
equipments in Switch Yard and its maintenance.

39. THANK YOU