Justifying An Evaluation Essay

Gss/1110 Week 1 Reflection
Improving One Step at a Time
The head basketball coach from Tuskegee Institute once said, "Don't limit your challenges,
challenge your limits." I was always afraid to challenge myself until one day, I learned to step out
of my comfort zone. Taking GSW 1110, was an expected challenge as a high school student, but
throughout this course I was able to accomplish a lot and improve as a writer. I can conclude that my
writing has improved greatly due to the establishment of the correct principles of writing introduced
to me this semester. Although improving during this course was something I always strived for, I
am determined to continue improving so I am prepared for future academics in my career. For
example, one skill I have acquired is the...show more content...
This not only benefits me in my papers, but having a formal tone can help me be viewed as mature
and significant all together, so I can carry these skills on as I grow into an adult. One thing that I
accomplished this semester that I never recognized the value of, was critical thinking. I can
demonstrate my knowledge on critical thinking through my ability of critiquing student and
professional writing and assessing source materials. Throughout the semester we were assigned
groups and provided sample essays that we had to critique. Working with my peers to grade papers
as not passing, almost passing or passing, I learned my peers techniques of critiquing while also
using my own. This helped me understand that mechanics like, commas or different punctuations are
important, but making sure your thesis proves what you believe and the paper provides the
information to support your thesis is important also.
Learning the many different ways to critique, gave me an advantage when writing my papers and
also when editing my peer's. Critiquing was an important value for me to gain, how it
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Capital Asset Pricing Model Essay
The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)
Introduction
In almost every economics textbook (Ben and Robert, 2001), economists tend to argue: everything's
market price is determined by consumers' demand and supply in the market, the intersection of
which gives us the long–term concept of 'market equilibrium'. Although it sounds straightforward, it
is anything but easy in practice, especially when the assets (like common stock) you are measuring
associated with risk and future uncertainties. Fortunately, economists and financial analysts have
developed plenty of theories to help us explain how the risk for market assets can be appropriately
measured in our life.
Capital Asset Pricing Model ('CAPM') is one of the most influential...show more content...
Derivation of the CAPM
According to Financial theory and corporate policy (Copeland and
Weston, 1946), the CAPM is based on Harry Markowitz's early portfolio theory (1952) which
showed how an investor can reduce the standard deviation of portfolio returns by choosing stocks
that do not move exactly together (Brealey and Myers, 2003). Thereafter, William Sharpe
(1963) stimulated all possible combinations of stocks in the market, getting a graph similar to
Figure 1a below. Because of the one of the golden rules in finance: 'investors prefer higher return but
low risk
(deviation)', there must be some efficient portfolios that best satisfies different investors' preferences.
Here in figure 1b, all the points along the 'efficient curve' provide investors with best return given
certain risk level. It is a matter of different preferences which are up to individuals' different utility
function (Frank, 2003) and determine which to choose for different investors. However, if an
alternative investment opportunity is introduced where investors can freely invest and borrow at
risk free rate, we simply conjured more efficient market opportunities where a line starts from risk
free point and also tangents the 'efficient curve' (illustrated in graph below).
Written in Principles of Corporate Finance (Brealey and Myers, 2003),
'since borrowing is merely negative lending, you can extend the

Information Based Decision Making Essay
| Information based decision making| Unit 5002V1| | | 4/1/2015|
Task 1 (600–700 words):
A.C.1.1 – Examine the nature of data and information
Data comprises of factual information. Data are the facts from which information is derived. Data is
not necessarily informative on its own but needs to be structured, interpreted, analysed and
contextualised. Once data undergoes this process, it transforms in to information. Information
should be accessible and understood by the reader without needing to be interpreted or manipulated
in any way.
Knowledge is the framework for understanding information and using it to inform judgements,
opinions, predictions and decisions – a pyramidal relationship (See diagram 1)
Diagram...show more content...
Therefore, I prefer circular model (Diagram 2) of the relationship as knowledge can influence what
data is collected thus generating information to enhance knowledge that in turn can generate more
data.
There are different types of data and information. These are examined in Table 1:
Type of data| Definition| Pros| Cons| Qualitative data/ information| A rich and detailed method to
capture how and why people behave in certain ways and the impact of these processes on
behaviour. | Captures participant's lived experiences.Allows a deeper understanding of a
topic.Smaller sample sizes so less expensive to do.Takes researcher bias in to account – an ethical
strengthCan help to provide new ideas to shape a service for people.| Smaller sample sizes, so less
generalizable to larger populations.Not possible to create statistics – which can help to shape and
plan service effectiveness and deliveryTime consumingDifficult to make comparisons within the
sample.Poor re–test reliabilityResults vulnerable to researcher bias and experience.| Quantitative
data/ information| Analysis of numerical data to explain outcome, prevalence, frequency, time, cost.|
Based on explicit knowledge and this can be easy and fast to capture and analyse.Results can be
generalised to larger populationsCan be repeated – therefore good test re–test reliability and
validityStatistical analyses and interpretation are

Argument Evaluation Essay
Argument Evaluation Essay: commercial Clash of Clans uses ethos were as Samsung uses logos to
convince you to buy there product .Clash of Clans uses Liam Neeson well known face to promote
their product.Samsung's commercial uses facts about their phone to convince you to buy their
product.Both of the commercials introduce their product from the very beginning of the commercial.
In the Clash of Clans commercial you can tell what the commercial is because in the beginning it
show video games characters fighting.The Samsung commercial starts by introducing their product
and stating what it does.Both products are very similar because their both electronical products
.The Clash of Clans product is a video games app created for phones .Whereas

The Titanic Essay
The Titanic – History of a Disaster On April 14,1912 a great ship called the Titanic sank on its
maiden voyage. That night there were many warnings of icebergs from other ships. There seems
to be a conflict on whether or not the warnings reached the bridge. We may never know the
answer to this question. The greatest tragedy of all may be that there were not enough lifeboats
for everyone on board. According to Walter Lord, author of The Night Lives On, the Titanic could
have been saved in the very beginning of the crisis when the iceberg was first reported to the
bridge. If First Officer Murdoch had steamed right at the iceberg instead of trying to avoid it, he
might have saved the ship. The author feels there would have been a loud...show more content...
The Captain was going to have to make a choice as to who would be the first allowed on the
lifeboats. Around 12:30 a.m. the bridge informed the crew that only women and children would
be loaded on the lifeboats (Eaton,Haas,152). By 1:30 a.m., there was panic among some of the
passengers. One example was on the port side of the boat. A group of passengers threatened to
jump into a boat full of passengers. To scare them, one of the officers fired three shots on the
ship's side. The warning proved to be successful. Nobody was injured and the passengers calmed
down (Eaton and Haas 154). At the last moments with only forty seven available spaces on the last
lifeboat, the crew instructed everyone to form a circle around the boat. Women and children were
the only people permitted to pass through the circle. A little while after the last lifeboat left, the
stern lifted clear out of the water with more than 1500 people still on board (Eaton and Haas
157–161). The climatic moment came at 2:20 a.m. The Titanic stood perpendicular to the water. As
people in the lifeboats looked on, they noticed the ship stayed perpendicular for a minute and then
disappeared to the bottom of the ocean (Lord, Lives on 137). Captain Rostron of the ship Carpathia
determined the distance to the Titanic and quickly calculated the course to answer the Titanic's
distress call

Career Change Essay
INTRODUCTION
According to Mondy and Noe (2005), career is a job that has been chosen to be accomplished
during one's working life. Career is the progress and actions of the person's occupations or
sequence of jobs held by someone throughout a lifetime which is until that person end up the
careers. Most of the situations, people do not just referring to one position only but often looking
for another jobs which composed of the jobs held, titles earned and work accomplished over a long
period of time. There is an increasing trend to employees changing jobs more frequently, while
employees in some cultures and economies stay with one job during their career. For example, an
individual's career could involve being an engineer, though the...show more content...
However, based on all of the stages been discussed earlier, people in the mid–forties to mid–fifties
are at a different stage in their career and life than people that is at age 25 or 45. A careerchange
after age 40 can be a tricky situation. In this stage, people will decide whether to continue along
the same track because it is comfortable familiar and secure or change into the other career since
there is an opportunity to pursue new personal or professional goals. This stage is called as middle
career years or mid–career change. According to OUM textbook, mid–career means re–appraise
early career and early adulthood, reaffirm or modify goals, make choices appropriate to middle adult
years and remain productive. Mid–career is a time in which one is more likely to consider leaving a
current job in order to take work in an organization that might indicate promise of greater career
fulfillment or address a need for increased salary or benefits, intrinsic and extrinsic (WordWeb).
After 40, many people begin to look at life differently which they often begin to feel that life really
is too short to be stuck in a dead–end or unsatisfying job. In this middle age situation, it is a time in
which adults take on new responsibilities at the workplace and therefore, people of this age often
feel a need to reappraise previous life structures with an

The Ethical Justification Of Abortion Essay
Introduction Ethical justification of abortion is a controversial subject consisting of numerous
significant theories that have been presented based on studies and researches. Basically, abortion
refers to termination of pregnancy through removal of the undeveloped fetus. Seemingly, the act is
highly condemned by majority sociologists and health practitioners due to violation of humanitarian
ethics and morals. However, this particular perspective is orientated by the normative ethics system
entailing utilitarianism versus deontology. Alternatively, this excerpt shall focus on analyzing the
social altercations of abortion based on views and opinions presented by two influential individuals,
namely Marquis and Steinbock. By identifying the main arguments and key elements apparent in the
two arguments, the study is likely to derive rational insight concerning moral permissibility of
abortion.
Presentation of Topic Seemingly, the arguments presented by Marquis and Steinbock are both
centralized on regarding the social act as immoral and inhumane. However, both sociologists adopt
diverse approaches based on the eradicative attributes that justify abortion in rare inferences.
According to Marquis' argument, abortion is depicted as an abomination and should be considered
as immoral as killing an adult human being. Seemingly, Marquis asserts that various health
practitioners disregard the immorality of the act since they believe that the anti–abortion perspective
is

Research Project
Title: A Critical Evaluation of promotional strategies used by
Coca–Cola in UK
Chapter 1 – Introduction (1000–1500)
1.1Introduction
The marketing environment is continuously changing and to take advantage of opportunities and
there must be a marketing strategy and strategic plans for organisation. The fast and the efficiency of
promotion has become an essential factor for the success of a business project. Corporation is
necessary to preserve unity, thus the statement amplifies the need for promotions in marketing
strategies. The applications of various marketing mix has vital role in improving business
productivity in market environment .Today Promotion has fundamental part in our social and
economic system. Rapid growth of technologies and ecommerce contribute mass ways to companies
to approach marketing as well as promotion. Promotional Strategy functions of informing and
influence a consumer decision, some strategies that are aimed to develop their brand for demand for
example companies like coco–cola, pepsi. This Chapter covers various aspects of this project such as
the Background of the Study, profile of the company, Aim, objectives and justification of study.
1.2 Background of study
The main concern of the study is to gain knowledge and an idea regarding the promotional strategies
used by Coca–Cola UK. As we know promotion is the main marketing tool in a business
organisation which can reach customers easily. The companies set specific

Justifying The Cost Of Training
Justifying the Cost of Training The cost of training in a business can be expensive; consequently, the
cost of mistakes in manufacturing can be more expensive. Determining the appropriate amount of
training to deliver to the employees needs to be considered. The particular business model that one
has is an important factor in this determination. Businesses that manufacture safety devices such as
air bags for automobiles should consider defected part manufacturing unacceptable and should have a
much more extensive training program than a non–safety related device such as a dog toy.
Training to Increase Revenue The primary goal of a company is to be successful in its operations
and end up with a profit at the end of the year. In an effort to be profitable a company should attempt
to keep its costs lower than its sales. One way to achieve this is by reducing errors by properly
training its workforce and reducing costs associated with rework. In fact, Davis (2015) indicated
"proper training on both gathering these insights and acting on them is a module that can be
easily integrated into existing leadership development programs. Making leaders and potential
leaders aware of the resources available in the organization 's workforce" (para. 10). This should
be a structured program; therefore, it will be repeatable with all trainees. One advantage to having
all persons working on a project trained similarly is consistency and repeatability. If one worker does
not show up or

My Interest At An Ice Rink
As a writer, I pour myself into what I care about most. When writing I find it difficult to attach
myself to a topic in which I have little to no interest in. I related every research paper I have
written to something I feel strong emotion towards. Most papers I write tend to relate to my largest
interest at the time. When my older brother joined the U.S. Navy, I wrote a researchpaper about a
piece of the Navy's history. After reading books that I fell in love with, I would find topics that
would allow me to write about the books. Working at an ice rink for two years gave me a close
relationship to hockey and hockey players, creating a great topic for a writing assignment. My
writing style within these topics can often come across as informal and relaxed. Being too
comfortable with my topic causes my thoughts to run as a conversation rather than an essay or
research paper. Having a strong familiarity with my topic pushes my writing to target a specific
audience. For example, when I attempt to write about ice hockey, I assume that the reader of my
piece will understand the sport to the same caliber as I do.
In high school my research papers never strayed far from the same central topics. The first
research paper I wrote for English freshmen year was on the history of the United States Naval Air
Forces. The paper meant a lot to my family and me because I wrote it as my older brother was
entering the service and he was placed as an air traffic controller in the U.S. Navy.

Why does ones looks get to justify others opinions? The first impression people get of each other
is the way one looks. If someone has tattoos, is overweight, or just plain unattractive they are
deemed as some sort of monster. Our perceptions of others and stereotypes that are used impact
everyone's social identities today. When we stop hiding from the fact that we as a society are based
off of appearances, we can come together to change these social misinterpretations. David Kirby and
Deborah Rhode introduced us to the topic of discrimination and stereotypes that we face based
upon our appearance and physical attributes. They assist by showing us how this discrimination
should be changing into something more thoughtful and positive. Social perceptions of one's
appearance leads to stereotypes and discrimination that should be legally changed to help people
for the better. As a matter of a fact, Kirby and Rhode prove stereotypes lead us to judge people
before we know all the background information. Kirby tells us about the research he did to come
to the realization that tattoos are not for savages. During this research he meet a lot of people, but
one stood out the most, Jodie. Jodie was the turning point for Kirby because her tattoos had a
backstory that changed his mind, more than anyone else had. Kirby starts off by telling us, "Jodie
was the sweetest, the most articulate, and the most heavily inked" (Kirby 694). If Kirby was not
changed by Jodie, the first thing he

Essay about Evaluation on a Restaurant
| |
My Evaluation of the Cheesecake Factory
My most favorite of all time restaurants to dine at is The Cheesecake Factory. This restaurant is a
famous corporate chain of restaurants that offers a widespread variety of all types of American
dishes and of course specializes in the most amazing variety of the best tasting cheesecakes. I love
the experience of dining at the Cheesecake factory because the atmosphere is so welcoming and the
artwork on the ceilings make you feel very lavish, the food is great and the service is excellent. A
particular visit last month proved to me that Cheesecake factory lives up to the expectations of its
guests. The cheesecake factory is known for always giving generous portions of food for a ver...show
more content...
It came with croutons, lettuce, tomatoes, grilled chicken tossed in ceasar dressing in an enormous
plate. I was so satisfied with my appetizer and the delicious complimentary bread that I had to
order a salad and even that was too much for me to finish. Even though I was too full, I had to
order one of their infamous cheesecakes after all. I ordered the Oreo Extreme which was a special
edition cheesecake and it was big and delicious enough to feed my whole family.
Lastly the service at The Cheesecake Factory caught my attention. As soon as we walked through
the door we heard, "How are you? Welcome to the Cheesecake Factory". We were taken to our
table by our hostess and then we were asked a drink order. Our drinks were received and the order
was taken in a timely manner. The server was very knowledgeable of the menu and was very
polite while taking our order. We were told our order would be put right in, and the drinks with
the complimentary bread came in no time. Then the food arrived and we began to eat. As we ate
our meal the server came over twice to check on us and get us refills. We asked for our check and
it was received and paid very quickly. While dining at The Cheesecake Factory, the service was
fantastic. The server was very attentive and took very good care of us. I enjoyed my experience
impressively and will continue to come back here any chance I get. The Cheesecake Factory
restaurant makes the best out of everyone's visit.

Analysis Of 'The Fate Of The Furious'
Justifying an Evaluation (Fast and Furious 8) In the recent years, movies have become a popular
form of mainstream entertainment. Arguably, one of the most successful films released in 2017 is
The Fate of the Furious, which is the eighth installment in the Fast and Furious Franchise. It is an
action flick that is written by Chris Morgan and directed by Felix Gary Gray. The motion picture
follows the story of Dominic Toretto, who has settled down with his wife but is coerced to work for
a cyber–terrorist called Cypher to retrieve a nuclear football. From the start, Toretto's work for
Cypher turns him against his team forcing them to track him down and bring Cypher to justice.
Although critics have argued that the movie's plot is not up to standard, the action sequences,
performance, soundtrack, and themes are commendable making it worthwhile. First of all, the
movie's action sequences make a significant contribution to its appeal to its audience. Most of them
are thrilling, and they keep one glued to the screen with sheer suspense. For example, the first
action scene is a street race in Havana between Toretto and a local who wants to repossess his
cousin's old car that is considered the slowest on the island. Instead of using his muscle car, Toretto
opts for his cousin's old car to compete against the fastest vehicle on the island. The ensuing race is
intense, and it results in the old automobile catching fire and exploding at the end. Luckily, Toretto
jumps to safety before it is engulfed in flames. Aside from the Havana race, another action scene that
stands out is one where Hobbs, Toretto's friend, and Shaw, an antagonist in an earlier movie, go at it
while fighting each other during a prison commotion. Although the action sequences are thrilling, the
themes inherent in the movie help cement it as a blockbuster. Secondly several themes that are used
in the movie, including betrayal, vengeance, and rivalry, make it interesting. It is noteworthy that the
motion picture starts off slow–paced and it gains momentum as the plot develops. At the early
stages, the theme of betrayal comes to light when Toretto steals an EMP device that he and his team
were meant to recover. His team feels cheated because he does

Reflective Essay Arguing A Position
Another reason that I am ready to pass this class and move on to change the world with my
writing is that I know how to effectively and fairly address the viewpoints of others whose ideas
may differ from my own on a certain topic while further proving why my argument is more valid.
In the paper "Arguing a Position," I was writing to convince parents to keep their children out of
competitive sports until high school so that the children could be spared the health risks and
pressure to be the best that competitive sports can bring to everyone involved. In my
counterargument paragraph, I conceded to the fact that competitive sports can have physical and
social benefits to the children if they are in the sport for a long enough period of time....show more
content...
Three of the four papers completed throughout the duration of this course I had never attempted
before; those papers include: "Proposing a Solution," "Analyzing Visual Arguments," and
"Justifying an Evaluation." In the paper "Analyzing Visual Arguments," I needed to come up with
my own list of criteria to discern the meaning of an image that I found and then use and explain
those criteria to prove my examination and argument to others. In the same paper, I also learned
about picture placement and figure citations; a picture should always be close to its description so
that the reader can observe what the author is describing and figure citations should include the
figure number and essential information about the photo. In my paper, both of those requirements
were accomplished. In "Justifying an Evaluation," I was required to be a critic and decide whether
or not a non–profit organization's website helped them to accomplish their mission. Similar to
"Analyzing Visual Arguments," I needed to come up with and explain criteria that proved my
argument. However, I also needed to prove whether or not the organization's website effectively
helped them to accomplish their mission. I analyzed the Make–A–Wish Foundation's website and
was able to effectively prove that their website does an excellent job in aiding their mission. In
"Proposing a Solution" (my second paper) I needed to find a current modern problem, come up with
multiple solutions, convince readers that the problem was an actual problem, balance the pros and
cons of each solution, and then decide, based on multiple criteria, which of those solutions was the
best based on the long–lasting effects and other factors, e.g., money, time, and environmental impact.
I have never done something that in depth before! Now that I know not only how to use that skill,
but to use all of

Writing An Argumentative Analysis
We evaluate books, what we watch, what the news says, and so much more. We do this every
day. What is important is are we justifying our evaluation? I tend to say, "Oh, I don't like that
movie". Well, why do I not like that movie is the question I should be asking myself. If I do not
justify my answer for why I do or do not like something, then I am not able to provide reasoning
for why someone else should or should not dislike the same movie. Justifying an evaluation was the
topic covered this past week. A definition for an evaluation essay could be the following, an essay,
which the write chooses a subject then "use appropriate criteria to support your judgement"
(Axelrod, Cooper 336). Like any other essay there are important factors we should think about when
writing....show more content...
By knowing the main purpose you will be able to influence the readers judgement and actions,
inspire to think critically, and potentially look at the subject in a new way. With knowing who the
audience is you assume the readers will accept judgement, will also make their own judgment, are
set on what they think, and have objections to your argument. Along with these important factors
come basic features, which help writing an evaluation. An important feature is to have cues,
which "help follow the logic of your argument" (Axelrod, Cooper 340). For example, in Scott
Pilgrim vs. the World: A Hell of a Ride, William Akana uses cues like finally, shortly before, from
this point, and after an extended battle to help the readers follow the time line of what is happening
and get a clear picture of the events

Argumentative Essay On The Black Mirror
The stand–alone series "Black Mirror", features an episode titled Nosedive directed by Joe Wright.
In the show, a seemingly ideal woman named Lacie Pound lives in a status–obsessed world, and
struggles to express herself. At first, Lacie is described as this merry, popular, and fun person to
be around. But then we see that Lacie tries to fit in with everybody else, and struggles with that
objective. So she begins to have courage in herself to say and do whatever she wants, even if
society disagrees with her defiance. In the end, Lacie is finally able to find her voice and express her
individuality, even though ultimately she is put behind bars. Therefore, Joe Wright suggests that even
though social hierarchy is valued in society, it does not promote one's self expression or
individuality. In other words, Nosedive displays the negative impact of social standings on people
who are not a true fit with what society views as perfect.
At the start of the episode, we take a glimpse of where Lacie lives. The beautiful topiary of the
trees, clean roads and sidewalks, all picture perfect. The scene later changes to Lacie interacting
with her brother Ryan, who is described as an apathetic gamer that consumes himself in his game
instead of his social status. Lacie's relationship with Ryan is a seemingly normal brother–sister
correlation, sometimes bitterness and harsh words, but they also care for one another. She does
seem like the ideal sister and even an ideal person to be

Argumentative Analysis
"First we thought the PC was a calculator. Then we found out how to turn numbers into letters with
ASCll – and we thought it was a typewriter. Then we discovered graphics, and we thought it was a
typewriter. Then we discovered graphics, and we thought it was a television. With the World Wide
Web, we've realized it's a brochure." Furthermore, society has revolutionized through the centuries,
major advancements have taken place such as how information is acquired. Ever since the industrial
revolution, humanity has intertwined machinery with human life to simplify it. However, with such
benefits negative aspects will eventually pop out. Subsequently, Schools throughout the nation have
taken a leap of faith and integrated technology in their...show more content...
The solution o is technology, for example: "In Victoria the shad already developed The
Correspondence School, which provided complete classes through the mail of students in remote
area, and communication via two –way radio and telephone with parents and teacher in providing
tutoring assistance". Furthermore, the assistance of technology helps with communication in
schools and helps students through multiple ways. For one thing, technology creates a faster link to
students to teachers helping teachers reach students at any given time whether it is for extra help
(tutoring) or whether it is for clarification. Eventually , it will led to a better relationship with
students and

Over the course of the English 1B class, my eyes opened to new techniques and to consider new
ways to improve my writing. Throughout this course, my class was assigned four essays all of
which asking different questions. Some of the essay were more difficult than another because it
required more work and research; however, writing these essays helped me to grow as a better
writer. During these essay writing process, I was able to grab a sense of what is and what is not
essential when writing an essay and to remember to avoid diverging from the essay topic itself. Out
of the four essays– Arguing a Position, Proposing a Solution Justifying an Evaluation, and Analyzing
Stories– I believed that Justifying an Evaluation was the easiest for me to write. Compared to the
other essays, this essay did not require as much work and research as the other essays that
required me to find many sources online or offline. Especially because I wrote on the film, Frozen,
which was a movie I had already seen and enjoyed, it was easier for me to be more engaged in this
essay. I found it a little bit more time–consuming, however, because for a film that I have already
viewed many times, I had to re–watch it only now to consider and to analyze the different ways film
makers made the movie. The hardest essay to write was Proposing a Solution because I felt that
there was already an answer to my question and I did not bring any new points. Also, researching
for this essay topic was a lot more

Use of First Person Form in Academic Writing
Use of First Person Form in Academic Writing:
The use of first– and second–person pronouns like I, you, me, my, and your is normally discouraged
in academic writing for various reasons. This is despite of the fact that these pronouns can
sometimes be used effectively in academic writing to provide certain benefits that improve an
individual's writing. One of the major reasons why the use of these pronouns is discouraged is
because academic and college writing situations normally vary based on stylistic conventions,
purpose, audience, and tone. Actually, the audience and purpose of the writing not only determine
the context of writing but they also affect the way an individual writes.
Beneficial Uses of "I": As previously mentioned, the use of the first– and second–person pronoun can
be useful in academic writing. This effectiveness is largely because of the following benefits
provided by this pronoun:
Assertiveness:
First– and second–person pronouns can be useful in academic writing when emphasizing or showing
the agency involved in doing something. For example, the pronouns can be used when showing how
an individual's specific project is valuable to an academic discipline.
Clarity:
The use of the first person can be beneficial in academic writing because trying to avoid it can
sometime result in vagueness and awkward constructions.
Self–Positioning in the Essay: The first– and second–person pronoun can be useful in projects that
require the writer to explain

THE EFFECTS OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL SYSTEM ON CIVIL SERVANTS JOB
PERFOMANCE AND MOTIVATION IN KENYA: A CASE STUDY OF MINISTRY OF STATE
FOR PUBLIC SERVICE G. O. Lillian, P. Mathooko, N. Sitati Jomo Kenyatta University of
Agriculture and Technology Abstract.
Performance Appraisal System (PAS) which can be defined as the process of determining and
communicating to an employee how he or she is performing on the job. The system (PAS) began
to be practiced in the world mainly in the 1940s and through this system, merit rating was used for
the first time around the Second World War as a method of justifying an employee's wages. The
process was based on material outcomes where higher output was rewarded with higher pay. Since
then, PAS has spread...show more content...
PA may therefore be said to be a continuous process which entails setting direction and standards,
monitoring and measuring of performance. Performance Appraisal began to be practiced in the
world in 1940s. Merit rating was used for the first time around the Second World War as a method
of justifying an employee's pay/wages (Moorhead and Griffin, 1992). The process was based on
material outcomes where higher output was rewarded with higher wages/pay and vice–versa.
However, early researchers realized that employees with almost equal ability to work and pay had
different levels of motivation towards work and also performance (Dulewicz, 1989). Today, PA is
one of the key elements of any organization's drive towards competitive advantage through
continuous performance improvement (Bratton and Gold,2003). In the absence of a well
structured PAS, managers will therefore have a tendency of judging employee work performance
informally and also arbitrarily (Dulewicz, 1989). In Singapore, a fast developing country for
example, PA in the Public Service is known as PRAISE (Promotion, Ranking and Appraisal
System). (Singapore Public Service Division, 2009). In the south Africa, PA has been used to help
public servants know what is expected of them, increase

Justifying An Evaluation Essay

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