LICH Landscape Hawaii Magazine - August/September 2012 Issue

Landscape Industry
Council of Hawai’i
P. O. Box 22938
Honolulu HI 96823-2938
U.S. POSTAGE PAID
HONOLULU, HI
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Marie C. Neal, Bishop Museum
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Formed in June 1986, the Landscape
Industry Council of Hawai’i is a state
wide alliance representing Hawaii’s
landscape associations: Aloha Arbor-ist
Association, American Society of
Landscape Architects Hawaii Chapter,
Hawaii Association of Nurserymen,
Hawaii Island Landscape Association,
Hawaii Landscape and Irrigation Con-tractors,
Hawaii Society of Urban For-estry
Professionals, Kauai Landscape
Industry Council, Maui Association
of Landscape Professionals, Profes-sional
Grounds Management Society,
Big Island Association of Nurserymen,
and the Hawaii Professional Gardeners
Association.
Landscape Industry Council
of Hawai‘i
P. O. Box 22938
Honolulu HI 96823-2938
www.landscapehawaii.org
Editors
Christopher A. Dacus
Chris.Dacus@gmail.com
Advertising Sales
Jay Deputy
deputy@hawaii.edu
Membership
Cheryl M. Dacus
Cheryldacus@yahoo.com
Web Master
Cory Blumerick
coryblumerick@gmail.com
Designer
Darrell Ishida
Cover Photo
lkhasddklasdhk
Mahalo to Landscape Industry
Council of Hawai‘i Sponsors
look
INSIDE
INSIDE
Ta b l e o f C o n t e n t s
24
DEPARTMENTS
5 PRESIDENT’S MEMO
6 LICH NEWS
26 BUSINESS TIPS
FEATURES
12 MARIE NEAL
14 WOMEN IN NURSERY INDUSTRY
17 BEATRICE H. KRAUSS
20 PESTICIDE LABEL
22 ASIAN CITRIS
23 ASABE
24 CHILDREN’S DISCOVERY FOREST
27 KONA CLT
28 STAKES AND TIES
COVER STORIES
8 JULI WALTER
11 PIONEER HEIDI BORNHORST
8
THE VOICE OF HAWAII’S GREEN INDUSTRY LANDSCAPEHAWAII.ORG 3

LANDSCAPE INDUSTRY
COUNCIL OF HAWAII-LICH
w w w . l a n d s c a p e h a w a i i . o r g
Statement: Recognizing the diversity of
4 LANDSCAPE HAWAII AUGUST | SEPTEMBER 2012 Mission the landscape industry, the Mission of LICH is to build
unity by promoting high standards and professional-ism
through education, training, and certification, and
by providing a forum for the sharing of information,
and by celebrating the success of its members.
MEMBERSHIP FORM
CORPORATE & INDIVIDUAL
LICH ANNUAL MEMBERSHIP @ $30
The Landscape Industry Council of Hawaii (LICH)
is a non-profit organization in existence since 1986.
Membership includes two levels, certain landscape
industry Associations that sit on the official Board of
Directors, and companies and or individuals doing
business in the landscape industry, such as contrac-tors,
architects, gardeners and nurserymen, including
individuals performing landscaping at Hotels, Resorts
and Condominiums.
A statewide association (LICH), composed of ev-ery
aspect of the industry, can provide the neces-sary
leadership to identify and meet the needs of its
members and act as their voice. Critical issues such
as lack of recognition and respect for the green in-dustry,
lost funding opportunities, lowered standards
of workmanship, lack of presence in government and
education, need to be addressed now. As LICH found-ing
members wrote, “Unless positive action is taken,
the industry will continue to languish below its full
potential”.
Please consider the benefits of LICH membership
listed below:
n Free subscription to Landscape Hawaii , the of-ficial
Green Industry publication .
n Member rate for any Certified Landscape Techni-cian
Test ($100.00 below the Non-Member CLT Test
fee!)
n 10% discount on registration fees for the annual
LICH Conference & Tradeshow and any LICH spon-sored
workshop or training class (including CLT train-ing))
n Representation in the affairs of the landscape
industry through membership in your local landscape
association
n LICH window decal and membership card
n Membership listing on the LICH website
With your participation, the benefits of being a part
of your industry can only grow! Legislative represen-tation
and the creation of an Executive Director posi-tion
for LICH are just some of the future benefits that
will be possible as membership in LICH increases!
2012 Membership New / Renewal Application
Va l i d t h r o u g h D e c e m b e r 2 0 1 2 M
Individual Membership: $30 per year | Company Membership: $30 per year includes one individual;
Additional employee memberships @ $15 each
Company: Individual member names: Circle Renew or New
Address: 1. R N
City: State: Zip: 2. R N
3. R N
Phone: E-Mail: 4. R N
Fax: Web Site: Add more on additional sheet if necessary
Enclose Check @ $30 for first member and $15 for each additional member. Make check payable to LICH
You may also pay by credit card, (Master or VISA only)
Name on card: Amount to charge $:
Card number: Expiration date:
Mail to: LICH Membership
P.O. Box 22938
Honolulu, HI 96823-2938

MEMO
president’s
MEMO
b y C h r i s D a c u s
“Women are here for a reason. I believe a bit
of the reason is to throw little torches out to
lead people through the dark.”
– Whoopi Goldberg
Aloha,
You may think Hawaii’s landscape industry is predominantly
a male industry, but the truth is, women have played a
key role in the development of the landscape industry.
They were often the early pioneers and innovators.
This issue celebrates some of these women of the past
and present who have made great contributions to
Hawaii’s landscape industry:
photo: Shaun Tokunaga
■ Marie Neal, author of “Gardens of Hawaii” published in 1948 and still on
everyone’s bookshelf.
■ Founding women of the Outdoor Circle in 1912 who advocated for arborists
on public projects and no outdoor billboards.
■ Catherine Thompson, the first licensed landscape architect in the 1930s.
■ Maureen Murphy, the first registered consulting arborist.
■ Erin Lee, first certified landscape technician.
■ Olive Vanselow, the first Editor of LICH’s Landscape Hawaii magazine.
■ Betty Crocker started Scenic Hawaii championing Hawaii’s natural beauty.
■ Heidi Bornhorst, an early native plant advocate and author of “Growing Native
Hawaiian Plants.”
■ Mary Steiner, past CEO of the Outdoor Circle and advocate for “Clean, Green,
and Beautiful.”
■ Juli Walters, one of the first female landscape architects and designer of award
winning projects such as The Lodge at Ko‘ele and the Hawai‘i Convention Center.
■ May Moir, an orchid pioneer and one of Hawaii’s well-known garden expert.
■ Beatrice Krauss, Hawaii’s original ethnobotanist and native plant pioneer.
■ Marie McDonald, one of Hawaii’s most respected floral kupuna and author
of “Ka Lei: The Leis of Hawaii.”
■ Diane Ragone, international breadfruit expert.
Some of today’s leaders include Roxannne Adams the University of Hawaii grounds
manager, Carol Kwan a certified arborist and arborist professional development
advocate, Susi Mastroianni a Maui landscape professional, Teresa Trueman-Madriaga
championing urban forestry in Hawaii, Christy Martin an invasive species advocate,
and many more continue to carry the torch for Hawaii’s landscape industry.
Enjoy this issue and keep your eyes open for more ‘little torches.’
Aloha,
Chris Dacus
LICH President
2012 Board of Directors
Chris Dacus, President Boyd Ready, Vice President
Matt Lyum, Treasurer Rick Quinn, Secretary
Brandon Au Christy Martin
Rick Barboza Christopher McCullough
Jay Deputy Lelan Nishek
Carl Evensen Karen Ostborg
Jennifer Lucien Josh Sand

Calendar of Events
6 LANDSCAPE HAWAII AUGUST | SEPTEMBER 2012 August 6
Xeriscape Open House
Halawa Xeriscape Garden,
Oahu
August 7
NHHA Customer Service
Excellence
Bishop Museum, Oahu
August 9 & 11
Waimea Valley Tour
Waimea Valley, Oahu
August 17-19
Made in Hawaii Festival
Neal Blaisdell Center, Oahu
August 23-26
Kauai County Farm
Bureau Fair
Vidinha Stadium, Kauai
August 24
Irrigation School
University of Hawaii, Oahu
August 26
HTFFA-KC Tropical Flower
Arranging & Design Show
Kauai County Farm
Bureau Fair
Vidinha Stadium, Kauai
September 15
Garden Sex
Ho‘omaluhia, Oahu
September 28-29
BIAN’s Horticulture
Plant Sale
Edith Kanakaole
Stadium, Big Island
October 6-7
Hawaii Tree Climbing
Competition
Moanalua Gardens, Oahu
October 25
LICH Conference & Trade
Show
Blaisdell Arena, Oahu
LandscapeHawaii.org (Check website for details)
NEWS
NEWS LICH
What s Hap p e n i n g
Congratulations
to Dana Anne Yee
Upcoming Issues:
OCT/NOV 2012
Theme: LICH Confer-ence
and ASLA Awards
Story Deadline:
September 15th
Tell a great story!
Email the editor at
chris.dacus@gmail.com.
Dana Anne Yee was just
elected to the 2012 Na-tional
ASLA Council of
Fellows. She will receive
the prestigious award at
the ASLA national conven-tion
this September. Dana
is the owner of Dana Anne
Yee, Landscape Architect,
LLC. She has over 27 years
of professional landscape
architecture experience. She
specializes in the landscape
development of commercial,
governmental, and residen-tial
projects. Congratulations
Dana!
Dana Anne Yee
DEC/JAN 2013
Theme: Arbori-culture
& Palms
Story Deadline:
November 16th
FEB/MAR 2013
Theme: Turf Grass
& Legislature
Story Deadline:
January 18th
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the green industry, the landscape
industry with an economic impact
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and full time employment of over
11,000 landscape professionals.
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Tree Dedicated in Honor
of USDA Anniversary
On June 21, 2012, the dedication of
an Erythrina abyssinica tree on the UH
Manoa campus commemorated the
150th anniversary of two important
acts in America’s agricultural history.
In 1862, President Abraham Lincoln
established the U.S. Department of Ag-riculture
and also signed into law the
Morrill Act, which created the land-grant
university system. The College
of Tropical Agriculture and Human
Resources (CTAHR) and USDA jointly
hosted a tree dedication in celebration
of their long partnership and in honor
of these anniversaries.
The tree that was dedicated, Ery-thrina
abyssinica, is a relative of the
native wiliwili and is resistant to the
gall wasp. The tree was nurtured from
seed and planted by CTAHR emeritus
horticulturist Dr. Richard Criley.
photo: Forest & Kim Starr
Industry speakers needed for conference
industry professionals. Submit your abstract
to Chris Dacus at chris.dacus@gmail.com
for review and consideration.
ADVERTISE
TODAY
Reach one of the fastest
growing and largest segments
of the green industry, the
landscape industry with an
economic impact of over $520
million annually and full time
employment of over 11,000
landscape professionals.
REACH HAWAII’S ENTIRE
LANDSCAPE INDUSTRY TODAY
Inquire with Jay Deputy at
deputy@hawaii.edu.
Looking for speakers, specialists, and
leaders in the landscape industry to speak at
the next LICH Annual Conference & Trade
Show on October 25, 2012. This is a unique
opportunity to share your projects, research
and accomplishments to Hawaii’s landscape
Hawaii Tree Climbing
Championship
The 2012 Hawaii Tree Climbing
Championship (TCC) will be held
on October 6th and 7th at Moanalua
Gardens. Climbers of all skill lev-els
are welcome to participate. It’s
a great opportunity to learn new
skills and techniques by interacting
with other climbers. We also need
volunteers for setting up and judg-ing.
If you are interested in climbing,
volunteering or sponsoring the event,
please contact Steve Connolly at
oahuarborist@gmail.com.

THE ACCIDENTAL
ARCHITECT LANDSCAPE
8 LANDSCAPE HAWAII AUGUST | SEPTEMBER 2012
By JANINE MORI
photos courtesy: Walters, Kimura, Motoda, Inc.
Formal gardens and croquet
court at The Lodge at Ko‘ele,
which received the 1995 Hawai‘i
A.S.L.A. Honor Award.

A eventfully meeting
40 years ago has
lead to a career as a
landscape architect
uli M. Kimura Walters,
by her own account, was
an accidental landscape
architect.
The only child of artists
Keichi and Sueko Kimura, Juli was born
on Maui while her father was serving in
the 100th Battalion of the 442nd Regi-mental
Combat Team in Italy and France.
She moved immediately afterward to
O‘ahu to live with her father’s brother and
family.
Juli attended the first through third
grades in New York City while her parents
attended graduate school at Columbia
University and the Brooklyn Museum Art
School. She loved New York City and liv-ing
in Greenwich Village, and didn’t want
to come back to Hawai‘i because of the
close friendships she had made.
Upon returning to Hawai‘i, Juli enrolled
at Ma‘ema‘e and Manoa Elementary
School. She spent many happy days in art
classes at the Honolulu Academy of Arts.
She was always interested in art, but also
intimidated by it because she felt more
would be expected of her because of her
parents.
It was in the seventh grade at Stevenson
Intermediate that Juli was first introduced
to the cello. From that moment, she
wanted to be a musician.
After graduating from Roosevelt
High School, Juli attended the Eastman
School of Music, a music conservatory in
Rochester, New York, and the University
of Hawai‘i at Manoa from which she re-ceived
her bachelor’s degree in music. She
also was interested in Indian studies and
took courses in Indian art and philosophy,
3 years of Sanskrit and 2 years of Hindi.
It was as a cellist for the Honolulu
Symphony Orchestra that Juli’s improb-able
journey to becoming a landscape
architect began. At the opening concert
for the Neal S. Blaisdell Concert Hall, Juli
attracted the attention of George Walters
who was in attendance as the Landscape
Architect of the complex.
Juli had no idea who George was or
what a landscape architect did. A few
months after they had met, George
needed help and decided that since Juli’s
ABOVE: Aerial view along S. King
Street at the First Hawaiian Center.
RIGHT: Juli M. Kimura Walters.
parents were both artists, Juli could
probably learn to draft. She thought she
would help him out for a while, but never
expected that she would be involved with
the profession for the next 40 years.
Juli learned to draft and then to design.
“Eventually I found that I liked the draw-ing
and designing aspects of landscape
architecture, because I could then express
a side of me which I had seldom allowed
myself to do before,” she said. She never
took any art studio courses at the Uni-versity
of Hawai‘i at Manoa because her
mother was a professor in the Art Depart-ment
for 25 years.
When Juli first started working with
George in 1965, she was aware of only 2
other female landscape architects who
were practicing in Hawaii – Catherine
Thompson and Janet Gillmar. She was
registered as a landscape architect in 1971.
Juli worked with George, considered
one of the master landscape architects
in Hawaii, for eleven years until he died.
“During the 11 years that we were to-gether,
I thought he was the most creative
person that I had ever known…besides my
Dad,” she fondly recalled.
After George’s death in 1976 until she
retired in 1998, Juli ran the office which is
now known as Walters, Kimura, Motoda,
Inc. According to Juli, “It was often said
that you could immediately identify one
of George Walters’ residences by the
clean, rectilinear paving layout and the
plant material, which often included
mondo grass, privet, crepe gardenia, pa-perbark,
strawberry guava, Formosan koa
and pink tecoma trees. George preferred
temperate-appearing plant material,
probably because of his initial work in
California, and preferred not to use tropi-cals
and exotics.”
As the company’s work transitioned
from smaller scaled residential design and
more into larger scaled resort-oriented
projects, the designs became more or-ganic,
more tropical and less rectilinear in
character. “The use of tropical plants was
required and logical”, Juli said, but this
subsequently evolved to an increased use
of native Hawaiian and drought-tolerant
materials. However, hardscape was always
the backbone of the designs. Some of the
firm’s more recent projects, like the First
Hawaiian Center, “still reflect many of
the characteristics that identified George
Walters’ style of design.”
While Juli has designed numerous
award-winning projects, some of her
favorite, and also most challenging,
ones were The Lodge at Ko‘ele, the
First Hawaiian Center, and the Hawai‘i
Convention Center. “Working on The

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Lodge at Ko‘ele was our first project deal-ing
directly with a large corporate client,
David Murdock, and our first opportunity
to make a difference at a larger scale. It
was at the same time the most rewarding
and most frustrating project, and it led
to our involvement in many other resort
projects,” she said.
According to Juli, she “…enjoyed being
able to express my thoughts graphically
and learning how to solve the various
problems that each project posed. Learn-ing
and being exposed to new things have
always been important to me, and almost
each new project provided the oppor-tunity
to do that. It’s always rewarding
when a project turns out well, but equally
frustrating to watch it change over time
to what seems to be most expedient for
the maintenance crew.”
While designing provided both joy and
frustration, one of the most enjoyable and
rewarding aspects of being a landscape
architect is that “I’ve met many of my best
friends, both as fellow professionals and
as clients, through landscape architec-ture,”
Juli said.
Although Juli doesn’t know if she would
have ever become involved with plants if
she had not become a landscape architect,
her latest interest is in essential oils which
are derived from the bark, seeds, flowers,
stems and roots of more than 50 different
types of plants and used for the treatment
of various physical ailments. “Now that
I’m retired I find that working with plants
remains an important part of my life,
although very little of my ‘yard’ has been
professionally designed,” she said. She
also takes pleasure in doing some subsis-tence
gardening, and grows and gathers
17 different greens and herbs for salad
every night.
Juli has served as the chairperson of
the Board of Registration of Professional
Engineers, Architects, Land Surveyors
and Landscape Architects, and on the
Boards of Hawaii Public Radio, Honolulu
Symphony and Chamber Music Hawaii.
She has also served on a number of design
advisory boards, including Ka‘anapali,
Turtle Bay Resort, Kaka‘ako and Hale‘iwa.
In 2009, Juli – along with George Wal-ters
and 3 others – was part of the initial
class of landscape architects honored
by the American Society of Landscape
Architects Hawai‘i Chapter to receive the
Po‘okela Award. The award recognizes
local landscape architects who have made
significant contributions and changed the
way people look and think about land-scape
architecture.
At the present time, Juli serves on the
Design Advisory Committee for the City’s
Department of Planning and Permitting
and on the Design Advisory Panel for the
University of Hawai‘i at Manoa.
For someone who became an acciden-tal
landscape architect, Juli M. Kimura
Walters continues to have a significant,
positive impact on the local landscape
architectural community.
Janine Mori is a landscape architect
at Walters, Kimura, Motoda, Inc. and is
grateful to have begun her career under Juli’s
guidance.

HEIDI LEIANUENUE BORNHORST By LORIANN GORDON
eidi Leianuenue Born-horst’s
wit, knowledge
of horticulture and
Hawaiiana, and warmth
have earned her distinc-tion
in the landscape
industry and beyond. Heidi is well
known as a champion of native plants,
true gardeners, and proper plant mainte-nance
practices. Today Heidi’s passions
run as wide and deep as always. We met
at a local coffee establishment for this
interview. Heidi showed up with flowers
in her hair....her moniker, and an arrange-ment
for me. After our time together, I
left with admiration for Heidi’s intellect,
unvarnished love for Hawaii, and her
engaging personal style.
The following are excerpts from our
conversation:
LG: Heidi, I see you as Hawaii’s own
horticultural “cause celeb.” How do
you see yourself?
HB: Dirt farmer
LG: Over the course of your career,
what is the most significant change
you’ve seen in the public regard for
landscaping?
HB: The use of native plants and
the appreciation of trees.
LG: Over the course if your career,
what is the most significant improve-ment
you’ve seen in the landscape
industry?
HB: The same, the acceptance of
native plants and edible plants in
design. The appreciation of trees.
The knowledge of how to properly
prune and care for trees.
LG: What would you say is your
mission statement is?
Heidi Leianuenue Bornhorst
HB: To help educate people that
we must become self-sufficient.
We live on an island. We need to be
sustainable for when the disaster
happens. Right now I’m really into
Ulu. People think of Ulu as just pro-viding
carbohydrates. It provides
much more than that. We need
more edible plants. People need to
learn how to prune Coconuts prop-erly.
If they are not overly pruned,
they will not grow as tall and we
can eat and drink them with ma-jor
health benefits, use them for
true ecotourism and make Hawaii
grown value added products from
our own Hawaiian niu.
LG: You’ve done so much in your
career. Could you name an outstand-ing
goal?
HB: To help perpetuate Hawaii’s
native forests, watersheds and
ground water. We can’t have all
that precious water and soil run-ning
into the ocean. We have to do
a better job capturing run off.
The following is a list of some of Heidi’s
accomplishments and contributions to
the Landscape Industry:
■ Graduate of the Professional Gardener
Apprentice training Program (NTBG)
■ Graduate of the Longwood Gardens’
Summer Horticultural Program,
Pennsylvania
■ Graduate of the Apprentice Program
of the Royal Horticulturals Society,
Wisley England B.S. in Horticulture,
U.H.
■ Certificate in Public Administration,
U.H.
■ Class and field trip leader for Hono
lulu Botanical Gardens, Lyon Arbo
retum, NTBG, Honolulu Zoo,
Honolulu Board of Water Supply,
Windward Community College, Ha
waii State and Honolulu City and
County parks, the military, Women’s
Community Correctional Center,
Molokai Community College.
■ Director of the Honolulu Botanical
Gardens (1999-2003)
■ Author of “Growing Native Hawaiian
Plants”
■ Weekly garden column for Honolulu
Star Advertiser/ Advertiser (1993-2012)
■ Garden Expert TV Program
(1996-2004)
■ Volunteer contributions to newslet
ters to long to list here!
■ Owner of HawaiiScapes
■ Director for the Hale Koa Hotel
(1994-1999 and 2004-2009)
■ Board member of Friends of Ho
nolulu Botanical Garden, Friends
of the Halawa Xeriscape Garden,
Ka’ulu Nani, Scenic Hawaii, Kapi
olani Park Preservation Society
Loriann Gordon is principle of Loriann
Gordon Landscape architect, and like Heidi
an avid plant and ocean enthusiast.

DEVOTED
TO THE
SCIENCE
OF BOTANY
Distinguished Bishop
Museum botanist
Marie C. Neal career
celebrated
he death, on June 6, [1965] of
Marie C. Neal, Bishop Museum
Botanist, ended a long and
distinguished career and grieved
her many friends and colleague in
the Museum and in the broader scientific
community. A devoted scientist and a
modest, unassuming, warm human being,
she was regarded, and will be remem-bered,
with the deepest affection.
Miss Neal’s career began far from
the islands with which her name is so
closely associated. Born in Southington,
Connecticut, on December 7, 1889, she
derived from the beautiful surrounding
countryside an early interest in nature
and growing things. It was during her first
required science course at Smith College
in Northampton, Massachusetts, where
she achieved her B.A. in 1912, that she
decided that botany should be her calling,
but there were to be many bends in the
road before she would be able to enter
her chosen field. Her first job was as a
stenographer with an insurance company,
followed by other similar positions.
When Yale University offered her a job
working mornings as secretary in the Ge-ology
Department and afternoons in the
Yale Review office, it was the first break in
her continued efforts to get into science.
Dr. Herbert E. Gregory was head of the
By SADIE J. DOYLE
Editor’s Note: This article was first published
in the Hawaiian Malacological Society’s
publication The Conch Shell in 1965.
Reprinted with permission.

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Geology Department and destined to
become Director of Bishop Museum. The
Review editorial experience was to prove
invaluable. When Dr. Gregory departed
for Honolulu three years later, he agreed
to find her a position in botany and send
for her. However, the only position he
found open was in the shell department
of the Museum. She accepted it and, in
January, 1920, left New Haven for Hawaii
and was soon established as Assistant
Malacologist in the laboratory of Dr. C.
Montague Cooke, Jr., where she cata-logued,
sorted, and identified land shells,
and prepared scientific drawings of them.
In 1923, on an expedition to the sum-mits
of Mauna Loa and Mauna Kea, she
obtained a number of specimens, among
them a series of Vitrina tenella, up to then
poorly represented in collections.
Miss Neal’s Master of Science degree in
botany was granted by Yale in 1925, after
submitting as her thesis an ecological
study of Hawaiian marine algae. Later
that year she went on a five-months’
plant-collecting trip to New Zealand. She
studied the distribution of plants around
Kilauea Volcano in 1927, in addition to
her work on land shells, and prepared an
article on the flowering cycle in Honolulu
for Thrum’s Annual. She also was making
substantial progress in the preparation
of a guide to gardens, embodying popu-lar
AD_4.5x4.625_2012.indd 1 2/15/12 10:10 AM
descriptions of common and strik-ing
plants in Honolulu. This led to the
publication in 1982, with Berta Metzger
who contributed plant legends, of her
book, In Honolulu Gardens. It was such
an immediate success that it had to be
reprinted in 1929.
At last, on January 1, 1930, Marie Neal
was appointed Botanist and placed in
charge of the museum’s herbarium. She
commenced the long-neglected task
of rearranging the collections, listing
and cataloguing plants, and forming
sets of duplicates for exchange. Thus
began what were to be many full and
richly productive years. She journeyed
around the world in 1935 visiting botani-cal
gardens and herbaria in Europe and
Asia, and made several collecting trips to
the mountains of the Neighbor Islands
and even the outlying islets. She was a
frequent contributor to many publica-tions,
kept ever-increasing records of the
incidence of Hawaiian plants, and plants
of the Pacific in general, and responded to
countless inquiries about them from all
over the world. Honors came to her over
the years, and plants were named for her
by fellow botanists.
She will probably be best remembered
as the author of In Gardens of Hawaii,
which first appeared in 1948, was
also an instant sell-out, reprinted
the following year, and ultimately
went out of print. The last years
of her life were devoted almost
entirely to a completely new,
revised edition, published by
Bishop Museum Press. Long
before the first shipment of
books would arrive from the
mainland printer, a specially
bound, advance copy was
procured and presented to
Miss Neal by the Director,
Dr. Roland W. Force. Death
came about three weeks
later. One can be grateful
to whatever fates spared her
long enough to see a copy of
the book that will forever stand
as a monument to the years of
dedicated work and study by the
woman who produced it.
Carol Kwan is the President of Carol
Kwan Consulting, a Certified Arborist, and
the Secretary of Aloha Arborist Association.
Lei of the islands
drawing by
Marie C. Neal.

HAWAII ISLAND LANDSCAPE PROFILES:
IN THE NURSERY INDUSTRY WOMEN By ERIN LEE
14 LANDSCAPE HAWAII AUGUST | SEPTEMBER 2012 Christine Young, Kristen Konan and Margo Lundstrom.
Photos: Erin Lee
hristine Young,
Nursery Manager for
Joe Roderick Hawaiian
Landscape and Orchid Isle
Nursery in Kailua-Kona since 2010 was
born and raised in Oregon and a graduate
of OSU with a degree in Botany. What
she loves about her job: Putting all the
right components together to grow a
thriving, healthy plant that succeeds in
the landscape. Least favorite part of her
job: Pest management. Favorite Plant:
Sweet Potato. She loves its history as a
canoe food plant and she uses it around
the nursery as a live mulch to keep weeds
down. And, it produces potatoes for the
crew. Aspirations: Being involved in the
movement of growing healthy plants with
less pesticides and chemicals and using
best, sustainable practices. Her tips to
the novice nurseryman: Have a love and
passion for growing things and use your
spare time to build skills and knowledge
to help you grow the healthiest plants.
Kristen Konan, Nursery Opera-tions
and Sales Manager of Hawaiian Gar-dens
in Kailua-Kona since 2008 was born
and raised in Massachusetts, a graduate
of Nichols College with a B.S. in Business
Administration. Past experience: Orchard
and seasonal retail nursery sales. Favorite
part of her job: Being outside surrounded
by greenery and around happy clientele
who already love plants. Least favorite
part of her job: The heat and getting a
“red neck tan”. Favorite Plant: Although
it’s hard to narrow that down, I like plants
that have seasonal changes because they
create excitement and anticipation when
they come into bloom. Aspirations:
Continuing to grow the high quality
aspect of their nursery products, creating
new trends and staying ahead of what
customers want. Her tips to the novice
nurseryman: Get out there and find a
mentor who will teach you and help you
start growing and learning about plants.
Get your hands dirty because experience
is the best teacher.
Margo Lundstrom, Owner and
Operator of Sunrise Nursery, LLC., a
wholesale and retail nursery in Kailua-Ko-na
was born and raised in Ojai, California
and grew up in orange groves. Self-taught
and started growing plants in her back-yard
21 years ago as a way to work at home
while raising her children. Most enjoyable
part of her business: Watching plants
bloom and flourish and meeting great
people. “ I get to see wonderful homes
when I make deliveries around Kona”.
Least favorite part of the job: Insect pests
and the occasional challenging customer.
Favorite plant: Hmmm. Desert roses,
which are ideal for Kona… and succu-lents.
It’s hard to choose; I love them all.
Aspirations for the business: “I don’t want
to grow any larger and someday I’d like
to sell it, but for now I enjoy maintaining
the business and I still have a lot ahead of
me”. Parting words: “We’re open 7 days a
week and I have one full time employee
besides me. I’ve weathered the economy
and I’m still in business. My nursery is a
great place to meet the community and
I’ve had people stop in and say, ‘I just need
some green space before hitting Costco’.
Plant-people are like animal-people;
they’re compassionate and nurturing”.
Erin Lee is the Director of Landscape at
Hualalai Resort and the Treasurer of the
Hawaii Island Landscape Association.

WOMEN PIONEERS
IN GREEN HAWAII
May Moir, Erin Lee and Betty Crocker blazed the way for women
in the landscape industry By Heidi Leianuenue Bornhorst
given by a nice Portuguese woman on
Hawaii Island. She grew this fragrant pink
plush cottage style rose in every garden
she grew and I have it growing in all the
gardens where I have lived too. When
it blooms I’m reminded of all that May
shared with me and with all Hawaii plant
lovers.
Erin Lee is a Kama‘aina, born in Ho-nolulu
in1958. She attended Punahou and
then the apprentice gardener program in
1976-77 at the National Tropical Botanical
Garden on Kauai. She graduated from UH
Hilo with a B.S. in Tropical Agriculture.
She loves eating, cooking and grow-

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
She got one the first of 6 seeds of blue
ginger from Dr Harold Lyon of Foster
Botanic Garden, and was the first to grow
and bloom this gorgeous flowering plant
in Hawaii.
The Moirs contributed numerous rare
orchids and other plants and ecological
landscape design ideas to Foster Botanic
Garden and Lyon Arboretum.
May Moir passed away at the age of 93
in 2002 and her legacy lives on in those of
us who worked with and gardened with
this akamai green handed wahine.
She perpetuated the Madeira rose from
Portugal, which her mother-in-law was
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OAHU 259-7295 TOLL FREE 1-866-714-7837
HILO 959-4088 TOLL FREE 1-800-424-2053

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
ay Moir was a
gift to practical
gardeners and flower
arrangers. Plants had
to “earn their keep” in
her Nu’uanu garden ‘Lipolani’, by being
either edible, useful in flower arranging
(fresh or dried) or they had to be orchids.
(Her late husband Goodale Moir was a fa-mous
orchidist and agronomist for HSPA)
She grew many of the bromeliads that
we cherish in our gardens today. She was
the first to bloom and collect seeds from
Vriesia imperialis, many keiki of which
grow in our gardens today.
For over 40 years Moir volunteered
with a team to provide the weekly flower
arrangements for the Honolulu Art
museum. Most of the plants came from
her garden or those of her friends. She
always asked me to be on the lookout for
interesting and sculptural plant materi-als
from Ho‘omaluhia and Foster Botanic
Garden, especially after a big windstorm.
‘Are there any treasures for the Art Acad-emy
on the ground, dear?’
She wrote several concise books, the
Flower arrangers Handbook and the Gar-den
watcher, which noted when plants
were blooming in Hawaii, and how to use
them for decor and fine Hawaiian dining.
She was also the main editor for her hus-band’s
orchid and technical writings. She
is featured in the beautiful coffee table
book Floral traditions at the Honolulu
Academy of Arts, which she helped Kaui
Philpotts write.
The Moirs collected, grew and hy-bridized
orchids and other plants from
around the world. She discovered the
beautiful giant yellow Heliconia carib-aea
on a trip to the Dominican Republic
and legally brought it home to Hawaii in
1955. It was first grown at Foster Botanic
Garden.

ing food crops. She developed a business
‘Lokelani Gardens’ and sold organic vine-ripe
tomatoes, edible flowers and fresh
herbs. This evolved into being the pre-mium
supplier of super ono tomatoes for
Merriman’s Restaurant in Kamuela. You
have never tasted a real Hawaii-grown
vine ripe tomato until you’ve tasted those
grown by Erin and her ohana.
She is currently the landscape director
for Hualalai Resort. Lee also favors native
Hawaiian and xeric plants and these are
put to good use in the hot, windy envi-ronment
at the hotel and upscale residen-tial
properties which she and her crew
maintain. They also deal with high pH,
saline water and coqui frogs. She over-saw
the $40 million dollar renovation of
the landscape after the Japan tsunami.
None of her staff became unemployed
during this period. They worked hard
and reopened the hotel in record time.
She serves on boards for HILA, LICH
and Mala‘ai: The Culinary Garden at
Waimea Middle School and has volun-teered
with the Outdoor Circle for Ha-waii
Island. Erin knows how to get tired,
overworked landscapers to come to an
evening meeting: FEED
THEM! And, collect the
dinner money in advance to give people
an extra incentive to attend the meeting
or training.
Betty Crocker was a member
and a Past President of the Outdoor
Circle, an organization that is noted for
saving historical trees, fighting against
billboards, and saving Diamond Head as
a National Monument.
In 1994 she was one of the founding
members and President of Scenic Hawaii,
Inc. an organization based on total volun-teers
to work with State, City and County,
local businesses and volunteers to help
preserve the scenic views and beauty of the
state, keeping it green and clean and beauti-ful.
Betty was also on the board of the
Kapiolani Park Preservation Society, and
worked tirelessly for over 30 years as a
volunteer to help the islands. She was
on many boards to help with recycling,
litter control, and beautification projects,
planting and saving historical trees and
perpetuating park lands for the people of
Hawaii.
Betty helped save the majestic monkey-pods
on Punahou Street by threatening to
chain herself to one of the trees to save it as
the bulldozer operator had her between the
bulldozer and the tree. She would not move
and talked nicely and firmly to
the bulldozer operator to contact his boss
and higher ups in the chain in the City and
County of Honolulu and that is why we still
have the monkeypods on that special stretch
on Punahou St.
Betty passed away in 2000 and her
daughters, Cicely Crocker George and
Diana Crocker Doerr carry on this legacy
today. Both very involved in Scenic
Hawaii, Inc. and soon with celebrate
the 10th Anniversary of Scenic Hawaii’s
Betty Crocker Landscape Awards. These
awards are given each year to garden-ers
from all the islands in categories of
private gardens, community gardens,
professional gardens and xeriscape
gardens to recognize and acknowledge
some of the thousands of people who
work every day to make Hawaii a more
beautiful place. All of them have a love
of the land and an appreciation of the
natural beauty of our islands. Scenic Ha-waii
salutes each and every one of them
and honors the winners in each category
with a Betty Crocker Landscape Award.
Heidi Bornhorst is a garden writer,
landscape consultant specializing in Native
Hawaiian and edible gardens, and Arborist
with Pruning for Productivity. Contact her
at heidib@hawai.rr.com
LEFT: May Moir and ABOVE: Erin Lee

by CARL EVENSEN KRAUSS BEATRICE H.
LARGEST NURSERY SELECTION ON KAUAI
60,000 SF Greenhouses 150 Acres of Plants & Material
KAUAI NURSEY &
LANDSCAPING, INC.
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808-245-7747
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Lihue, Kauai, HI 96766
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& DESIGN/BUILD
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IRRIGATION DESIGN
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Mon. - Fri. 7:30-5 / Sat. 7:30-4
WEB: www.kauainursery.com
MAIL: knl@kauanursery.com
Toll Free: 888-345-7747 Fax: 808-245-9289
eatrice Hilmer
Krauss (1903 – 1998)
was an educator and
renowned ethnobotanist,
beloved by generations of
students and residents of
Hawaii, who dedicated much of her life to
studying Hawaiian plants and their tradi-tional
uses. I had the pleasure of know-ing
her as an advisor, mentor and family
friend and am both daunted and honored
to write this brief tribute and acknowl-edgement
of one of the great pioneers of
native Hawaiian gardening and landscap-ing
in Hawaii.
Aunty Bea Krauss was born in 1903
on the original Kamehameha School for
Boys campus, where her father, Frederick
Krauss (1870 – 1971), was an agriculture
instructor for the Kamehameha Manual
School. Frederick Krauss joined the
Hawaii Agriculture Experiment Station

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Puunene, Maui
in 1906 and served the College of Hawaii
as a Professor of Agriculture starting in
1911. In 1913 he moved his family (Bea-trice
was the second of four children) to
Haiku, Maui where he started the New
Era Homestead Farm as a research and
demonstration farm for crop and ani-mal
production. They were completely
self-sufficient, growing vegetables, raising
pigs, chickens and cattle and producing
milk, butter and cheese. One can imagine
that Beatrice developed her love of plants
and science through this rich and varied
experience. Frederick Krauss went on
to become Director of the Agricultural
Extension Service in Hawaii and had the
distinction of receiving the first honorary
doctorate awarded by the University of
Hawaii in 1923.
The Krauss family returned to Manoa
in 1922 to a property on Parker Place
where Beatrice lived for the rest of her
life. She graduated from Punahou School
in 1922 and then talked her way into the
University of Hawaii agriculture program,
becoming in 1926 the first woman to earn
a degree in agriculture, which at the time
was considered not to be a suitable dis-cipline
for women. Beatrice then started
a long and productive career as a plant

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physiologist, working at the Pineapple
Research Institute from 1926 to 1968. She
earned a Master of Science degree at UH
in 1930 and also carried out research and
further graduate study at the University
of Berlin and Cornell University. She
was an affiliate member of the Graduate
Faculty in Botany at University of Hawaii
and also served as a consultant in Indone-sia
and Iran.
Upon retirement, Beatrice spent five
years developing and teaching a Hawai-ian
ethnobotany course at the University
of Hawaii, which became so popular that
she had to teach up to six sections per
semester, because she refused to teach a
large lecture class. My mom was in Aunty
Bea’s first ethnobotany class and remem-bers
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receiving the mimeographed read-ings
every class as Bea finished writing
them. This was a time of cultural awak-ening
for many Hawaiian students and
Beatrice made a significant contribution
to this Hawaiian cultural renaissance.
Beatrice also refused to sign a loyalty oath
required of all state employees and so was
not paid for any of this teaching. “She
argued that she didn’t need to sign a piece
of paper to show her loyalty, and she
pointed out the a ‘real’ communist would
be the first person to sign the document
anyway” (Lamoureux, 1998). In 1988,
Beatrice (like her father) was awarded an
honorary doctorate by UH Manoa.
After retiring from teaching, Bea-trice
began what UH Professor Charles
Lamoureux called her third career at the
Lyon Arboretum, conducting informal
classes and teaching plant crafts such
as oshibana (pressed flower pictures) to
preschoolers on up to senior citizens. She
continued research in Hawaiian ethno-botany
and medicinal plants, eventually
publishing several major books, including
Plants in Hawaiian Culture (1993) and
Manoa, the Story of a Valley (1994). She
produced many publications while serv-ing
as a research associate at the arbo-retum,
including Native Plants Used As
Medicine in Hawaii, which subsequently
was developed into another major book,
Plants in Hawaiian Medicine (2001).
Beatrice Krauss received many well
deserved honors including “Outstand-ing
Alumnus of the College of Tropical
Agriculture and Human Resources” (1998)
and the YWCA named her one of the
outstanding women of Hawaii. On her
80th birthday, Lyon Arboretum dedicated
the Beatrice H. Krauss Hawaiian Ethno-botanical
Garden in her honor. Bea found
the first sign placed there unsatisfactory
because her name was larger than the
letters for Ethnobotanical Garden. This
was corrected and the sign now tops a
Hawaiian-style stone wall built to sur-round
part of the garden. The garden has
become a beautiful showcase of plants
that were important in Hawaiian culture
with over 60 different species, including
the 27 “canoe plants” brought to Hawaii
by the original Polynesian settlers. [pic-ture
of the Ethnobotanical Garden sign].
Beatrice Krauss’ life spanned the 20th
century and while she is truly missed,
her legacy of ethnobotanical knowledge
and public service lives on through her
publications, course materials, plant col-lections
and gardens, and mostly through
the lives of thousands of students, col-leagues,
friends and community groups
who loved her and whose lives were
transformed by her teaching and spirit of
aloha.
Carl I. Evensen is the Interim Associate
Dean and Associate Director for Exten-sion
at the University of Hawaii at Manoa
College of Tropical Agriculture and Human
Resources and a member of the LICH Board
of Directors.
References:
Lamoureux, Charles, “Aunty Beatrice
Krauss”, The Kukui Leaf, Vol. XXV, No. 3,
May 1998

GLOVES RECERTIFICATION CREDITS may be
earned by certified applicators that score at
least 70% on the set of comprehension evalu-ation
questions about the “recertification”
articles in this newsletter. These articles have
a title which ends with “(recertification)”.
However, credits may not necessarily be ap-plicable
for the following categories: Private
2, Private 3, Commercial 7f, and Commercial
11. The question sets (quizzes) are written
and administered by the Hawaii Depart-ment
of Agriculture (HDOA) staff. Ask about
earning recertification credits at one of
these HDOA offices area code (808): Kauai
274-3069, Oahu 973-9409, Maui, Lanai
and Molokai (call Hilo, toll free) 984-2400
ext. 44142 followed by #, Hawaii 974-4143.
Over 95 percent of exposure to pesticides
during spray application is through the skin.
The right gloves can protect you from much
of this exposure, but not if you don‘t wear
them. You or your employees may hesitate
to use gloves if they are hard to get on or off,
too hot or uncomfortable, clumsy to work in,
or never handy when you need them.
Choosing the right gloves, as you will
see in this article, entails a series of
compromises.
Categories
The Precautionary Statements section
of the pesticide label gives specific infor-mation
on personal protective clothing
and equipment to be worn while mix-ing,
loading, and applying the product.
This includes EPA chemical-resistant
20 LANDSCAPE HAWAII AUGUST | SEPTEMBER 2012 categories, from A to H. These categories
refer to the carrier solvent and its con-centration
in the pesticide formulation
(see Table).
Choosing the “right” gloves calls for a
series of compromises. You may need
several kinds of gloves.
A. Any dry or water-based pesticide
formulation
B. Any pesticide with acetate as the
carrier solvent
C. Any pesticide with alcohol as the
carrier solvent
D. Any pesticide with halogenated
hydrocarbons as the carrier solvent
E. Any pesticide with ketones (e.g.
acetone) as the carrier solvent
F. Any pesticide with ketone and
aromatic petroleum distillates
mixture as the carrier solvent
G. Any pesticide with aliphatic
petroleum distillates (e.g. kerosene,
petroleum oil, mineral oil) as the
carrier solvent
H. Any pesticide that has aromatic
petroleum distillates (e.g. xylene)
as the carrier solvent
Materials
EPA ranks personal protective materials
according to their resistance to chemi-cal
solvents. There are a number of glove
materials available within each carrier
solvent category (see Table). Check the
label for glove material recommended for
each pesticide.
The following evaluations are from the
University of Illinois. Prices are listed only
for their comparative values. Photos are
courtesy of the University of Florida IFAS
Extension Publication #Pl-120.
■ barrier laminate (foil type): the most
chemically resistant but uncomfort
able; poor dexterity due to design
($7/pair)
≥ means “greater than or equal to”
■ butyl rubber ≥ 14 mils (i.e. greater than
or equal to 14 mils): a synthetic rubber;
resistant to gas and water vapors; good
dexterity ($20/pair)
■ natural rubber ≥ 14 mils: for dry or
water-based formulations ($12-19/pair)
■ nitrile rubber ≥ 14 mils: resists punc
ture better than other materials; good
dexterity, slip-proof grip; comes in
range of lengths, thicknesses ($3-9/pair)
■ neoprene rubber ≥ 14 mils: synthetic
rubber; good dexterity; stays flexible at
low temperatures ($2-3/pair)
■ polyethylene: limited pesticide uses
($1-10/pair)
■ PVC ≥ 14 mils: limited pesticide uses
($4/pair)
■ Viton ≥ 14 mils: the most chemically
resistant rubber glove available; thick
but very flexible and comfortable to
wear ($150-175/pair)
Resistance to chemicals
Gloves offer varying levels of protection
and their chemical resistance and longev-ity
are referred to as High, Moderate,
Slight, and None (see Table). When test-ing
gloves, the comparative measure of
chemical resistance for the glove material
is called break-through time. This is the
time it takes for a specific pure chemical
to soak through the glove. The longer the
time, the better the protection, but an
8-hour break-through time is common.
■ Highly resistant gloves should be
BY CHARLES NAGAMINE (RECERTIFICATION)

Selection
Category
Listed on
Pesticide
Label
based on
carrier
solvent
Barrier
Laminate
Butyl
Rubber ≥
14 mils
Nitrile
Rubber ≥
14 mils
Neoprene
Rubber
≥14 mils
Natural
Rubber
≥14 mils
Poly-ethylene
Polyvinyl
Chloride
(PVC) ≥14
mils
Viton ≥14
mils
A (dry &
water
based
foundation
s)
HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH
B HIGH HIGH SLIGHT SLIGHT NONE SLIGHT SLIGHT SLIGHT
C HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH MOD MOD HIGH HIGH
D HIGH HIGH MOD MOD NONE NONE NONE SLIGHT
E HIGH SLIGHT HIGH HIGH SLIGHT NONE MOD HIGH
F HIGH HIGH HIGH MOD SLIGHT NONE SLIGHT HIGH
G HIGH SLIGHT SLIGHT SLIGHT NONE NONE NONE HIGH
H HIGH SLIGHT SLIGHT SLIGHT NONE NONE NONE HIGH
Only unlined gloves or gloves with separable liners may be used.
or equipment made from this material
if contact with the pesticide is possible.
Table. EPA rating of personal protective
materials for each carrier solvent category.
See Gloves on page 29
cleaned or replaced at the end of each
day‘s work; rinse off all pesticides at
rest breaks.
■ Moderately resistant gloves may need
to be cleaned or re-placed within an
hour or two of contact.
■ Slightly resistant gloves may need
cleaning or replacement within 10
minutes of contact.
■ None says this glove is not resistant
to the chemical in this category. Do
not wear personal protective clothing

ASIAN CITRUS
PSYLLID(Diaphorina citri Kuwayama)
1. Hosts: Restricted to Citrus and
closely related Rutaceae, such as mock
orange.
2. Damage: High populations of Asian
Citrus Psyllid (ACP) cause stunting and
twisting of young shoots and severe curl-ing
of leaves.
3. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands –
Hawaii, Maui, Oahu, Kauai, Molokai, and
Lanai. Other U.S. distribution – Florida,
Texas, Louisiana, Alabama, Georgia,
Mississippi, South Carolina, California,
Puerto Rico, and Guam. Worldwide
distribution – southeast Asia, Reunion,
Mauritius, Saudi Arabia, Brazil, southern
Iran, Pakistan, Venezuela, Argentina, and
the island of Guadeloupe in the Carib-bean.
4. Identification: Adults are small (3-4
mm) with mottled brown wings and are
active, jumping insects. The eggs are
bright yellow and are deposited on newly
emerging plant shoots. Nymphs are green
22 LANDSCAPE HAWAII AUGUST | SEPTEMBER 2012 or dull orange and feed on young leaves
and stems.
5. Vectors: ACP is known to vector
Citrus Greening Disease, also known
as Huanglongbing or Yellow Dragon
Disease. This disease has devastated citrus
in Asia, Africa, and Brazil. The disease is
caused by a bacteria, Candidatus Liberib-acter
asiaticus Garnier. Symptoms include
mottling and/or interveinal yellowing
of citrus leaves and misshapen, green,
and bitter-tasting fruit. Most citrus are
susceptible to CGD. Mock orange is not
a known host of the disease. There is no
known cure for this disease and the only
option is to destroy infected trees. Thus
TOP: Adult Asian
citrus psyllid.
LEFT: Enlarged photo
of an adult Asian
citrus psyllid. Actual
length is 3-4 mm.
far, Citrus Greening Disease has not been
found in Hawaii. For more information
and photos of Citrus Greening Disease,
visit www.citrusgreeningtraining.org/.
Source:
State of Hawaii Department of Agricul-ture
New Pest Advisory No. 06-01 Updated
February 2009, Asian Citrus Psyllid, http://
hawaii.gov/hdoa/pi/ppc/npa-1/npa06-01-
ACP.pdf
Photo: R. Heu
BY CAROL KWAN

ASABE TO DEVELOP STANDARD FOR “SMART”
IRRIGATION CONTROLLERS
he American Society of
Agricultural and Biological
Engineers (ASABE) has initi-ated
a project to develop a new
standard, S627, Standardized
Testing Protocol for Weather-based or
Soil Moisture-based Landscape Irrigation
Control Devices. Those with interest and
expertise in the subject matter are invited
to participate in the project.
As the demand on water resources and
the importance of water use efficiency
grow, water agencies, regulators, land
owners, landscape managers, and others
are relying more heavily on irrigation
controllers that use real-time weather or
soil-moisture data to determine irrigation
needs and scheduling. The new docu-ment
will standardize the methods for
testing such controllers.
ASABE is recognized worldwide as a
standards developing organization for
food, agricultural, and biological systems,
with more than 240 standards currently
in publication. For information on, or to
participate in the development of, this or
any other ASABE standard, contact Travis
Tsunemori (269-932-7009, travist@asabe.
org). A current listing of all ASABE stan-dards
projects can be found on the ASABE
website at http://www.asabe.org/projects.
The American Society of Agricultural
and Biological Engineers is an interna-tional
scientific and educational organi-zation
dedicated to the
advancement of engineering applicable
to agricultural, food, and biological
systems. Its 9,000 members, from more
than 100 countries, are consultants,
managers, researchers, and others who
have the training and experience to un-derstand
the interrelationships between
technology and living systems. Further
information on the Society can be
obtained by contacting ASABE at (269)
429-0300 (phone) or (269) 429-3852 (fax);
hq@asabe.org. Details can also be found
at http://www.asabe.org/.
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he Hawai‘i Forest Industry
Association (HFIA), the Hawai‘i
Forest Institute (HFI), and com-munity
partners are planning the
Honolulu Zoo Children’s Discov-ery
Forest, which will be created at
the Honolulu Zoo in Waikiki on Oahu.
Leland Miyano, Jason Umemoto, and
Leonard Bisel created the Discovery
Forest Conceptual Plan, which includes
three demonstration zones: strand veg-etation,
dryland-mesic forest species, and
Polynesian-introduced species and culti-vars.
The vision for the Discovery Forest
is one in which the vast cultural, natural
and historical attributes of Hawaii’s
endemic and indigenous flora, fauna,
and geology is shared; demonstrating
the bond that must be formed between
people and aina if both are to thrive. The
Discovery Forest will serve as an ongo-ing
outdoor educational setting in which
visitors will learn about the importance
of the sustainability of native and Poly-nesian
plantings within a framework of
Hawaiian cultural values.
The Honolulu Zoo Children’s Dis-covery
Forest presents a great opportu-nity
for city dwellers, especially kids, to
experience some of the unique flora that
make up Hawaii’s ecosystems. There
is an ever-increasing problem that is
spreading in our modern, technological
society: Nature Deficit Disorder. There
are children and adults, who have not, or
CHILDREN’S
DISCOVERY
FOREST
Huelo Seastack, with the last intact
lowland Pritchardia forest in the main
Hawaiian Islands, Huelo Islet, Moloka‘i.
RIGHT: The endangered Oahu tree snail,
Achatinella mustelina.
Photos: Leland Miyano
BY LELAND MIYANO
The public will have
the opportunity to
experience a natural
ecosystem

Discovery Forest Conceptual
Plan created by Leland Miyano,
Jason Umemoto, and Leonard Bisel.
Youth Project (KEY Project), Polynesian
Voyaging Society, and Oahu Resource
Conservation & Development Council.
HFIA’s mission is to promote healthy
and productive forests and a sustainable
forest industry through forest manage-ment,
education, planning, information
exchange, and advocacy. In addition to
the Honolulu Zoo Children’s Discovery
Forest, HFIA sponsors the annual Hawaii’s
Woodshow Na La‘au o Hawai‘i; promotes
the Hawaii’s Wood branding program;
and provides restoration and education at
several native forests in West Hawai‘i. Visit
us on the web at www.hawaiiforest.org.
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Leland Miyano is a landscape designer,
sculptor, author, and naturalist. His men-tor
in landscape, Roberto Burle Marx, was
the most influential landscape designer of
the 20th Century. As a naturalist, Miyano’s
research of Hawaii’s endemic fauna and flora,
date back to the 1960’s. Former United States
Poet Laureate, W.S. Merwin, writes “Those of
us who know him have been aware for years
that Leland is a true original, a living treasure
among us, and it is fortunate for all of us
that his sculpture, with all its representations
of the irreplaceable life of these islands, is
receiving some of the attention and honor it
deserves.”
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may never, visit a Hawaiian forest filled
with endemic plants. By constructing a
representation of Hawaiian ecosystems
in a venue easily accessible to zoo visitors;
a wonderful educational garden will help
to introduce the public to the amazing
biodiversity of native plants here. Nature
is rarely so organized and condensed for
general appreciation, but gardens often
spark a catalyst in one’s mind to move on
to larger environmental issues.
The project site is near the zoo entrance
and adjacent to the future site of a Native
Hawaiian Village. The Discovery Forest
will be a representation of natural eco-systems
and the sustainable agricultural
systems established by the Hawaiians. The
exhibit will be designed to demonstrate
culturally significant Hawaiian plant spe-cies,
the significance of place, and the kule-ana
of malama aina (responsibility to care
for the land) by integrating Hawaiian forest
ecosystems, forest stewardship opportuni-ties,
traditional, and innovative land-based
education for residents and visitors.
Hawaii’s flora and fauna are among the
most threatened and endangered spe-cies
in the world. Today, many species are
down to the last few. Just in my lifetime,
I have witnessed many extinctions and
there were many more extinctions before
that. As time goes on, there will be more
extinctions, even of those species that are
considered abundant today. We can slow
or reverse this process, but it takes the edu-cation
of the public. The Discovery Forest
will be one part of a movement to delay
the declines. If we do not love the unique,
endemic, indigenous, and Polynesian-introduced
species, they will disappear.
However, loving species alone will not save
them. We must think of the entire island
chain as a microcosm of the world. Clean
air, clean water, protection of the water-shed,
and a whole host of interrelated envi-ronmental
issues, cannot be segregated
out. We need a greater understanding of
nature to carry us into the future. The
Honolulu Zoo Children’s Discovery Forest
will be one more step forward in the larger
picture of a bright future. A landscape will
be planted, but we will be growing hope.
HFIA was recently awarded a $49,100
Hawai‘i Tourism Authority (HTA) Natural
Resources Program award, administered by
the Council for Native Hawaiian Advance-ment
(CNHA), for the Discovery Forest.
Other groups who have expressed an inter-est
in assisting with the project include
Paepae o Heeia, Conservation Council
of Hawaii, Scenic Hawaii, Inc., Manoa
Heritage Center, Kualoa-Heeia Ecumeni-cal

BUSINESS
TARGET YOUR CUSTOMERS WITH DIRECT MAIL 26 LANDSCAPE HAWAII AUGUST | SEPTEMBER 2012
BUSINESS
tips
b y G u y Wa t a r i t’s something most of us look
forward to doing nearly every
day: Opening and sorting our
mail.
According to the U.S. Postal Ser-vice,
98 percent of consumers bring
in their mail the day it’s delivered, and
77 percent go through it immediately.
Most importantly: More than half of con-sumers
look forward to discovering what
they received.
Direct mail – or the process of reaching
out to a select audience through printed
materials by mail – is a targeted, tangible
and personal way to be an important
part of that process in households across
Hawaii. Many small businesses should
consider this tool as part of their market-ing
plan. Here’s why:
■ Simple and cost-effective. Don’t
have the budget for expensive mass
advertising on TV? There are a variety of
direct mail options available, from highly
targeted postcard campaigns to color
brochures and letters containing free
samples.
■ Pin-point precision. Get more bang
for your buck by targeting the interests of
carefully refined niche audiences – and
enhance effectiveness by personalizing
each mailing.
■ Quantifiable results. Easily measure
the success of your campaign by track-ing
the number of customer inquiries
or direct mail offer redemptions. Adjust
future mailings as necessary to maximize
results.
■ Greater accessibility. Direct mail
reaches a wide range of audiences, includ-ing
those elusive “thin markets,” better
than any other method of advertis-ing.
■ Tangible advertis-ing.
Give consum-ers
a chance to
physically interact with your brand and
messaging – including coupons and offers
that can be reread, saved and shared.
■ Quick turnaround. A direct mail
campaign can be produced within a few
weeks, making it an effective way to ef-ficiently
test out offers and audiences.
■ Enhanced web utility. Along with
printed materials, the Internet is becoming
the most-used source of shopping research
– even though final purchases may not be
made online. By providing links and key
information, direct mail enhances the util-ity
of the Internet in the shopping process.
Printed materials are the primary
medium for advertising information, and
direct mail provides the strongest overall
reach potential of the adult, upscale mar-ket.
It also has a high degree of familiarity
and acceptance among consumers.
Surveys also show that reader engagement
with direct mail advertising often translates
into action. To create a call to action:
■ Clearly state a deadline for action.
■ Advise of a price increase.
■ Establish an introductory period.
■ Offer a free gift, upgrade or “no-risk” trial.
■ Use action (not passive) phrases.
It is critical to have a database of
deliverable addresses and knowledge of
rates, rules and regulations to ensure that
your message gets to your market without
wasting materials, money or time, said
Clinton Schroeder, president of Haga-done
Printing Company. Hagadone is
Hawaii’s largest commercial and specialty
printer, offering under-one-roof printing,
list management, and mailing.
“Today’s advanced technologies make
it easier and quicker than ever to pro-duce
a quality campaign ranging from
direct mail postcards to complex merges
and odd sizes,” he said. “Direct mail is a
cost-effective way to enhance marketing
strategy and create measurable success.”
Guy Watarai is a sales manager for
Hagadone Printing Company. Hagadone
Printing Company designs and prints the
Landscape Hawaii magazine.

The Oahu exam will be held at the UH
Waimanalo Experiment Station Farm on
August 25. The Oahu exam will include
certification in Turf Maintenance, Or-namental
Maintenance, Irrigation, and
Softscape Installation. Mike Johnson of
Landscape Hawaii and Brandon Au of
Honolulu City & County Parks are Island
Chairs for the Oahu exams.
Jay Deputy is the state administrator for the
Certified Landscape Technician program and
a member of the LICH Board of Directors.
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Both the Federal Land Bank Association of Hawaii, FLCA
and Hawaii Production Credit association can custom design a
loan to meet your needs.
We offer: Long term loans, short term loans,
competitive interest rate programs, flexible
repayment schedules, excellent loan servicing
options, etc. We also have programs for Young,
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SERVICES OF
HAWAII, ACA
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Hawaii Production Credit Association
C A L L O N E O F O U R L OA N O F F I C E R S A T :
Oahu Office 2850 Pa‘a Street, Suite 100
Honolulu, HI 96819
Phone: 808-836-8009
Fax: 808-836-8610
www.hawaiifarmcredit.com
Hilo Office 988 Kinoole Street
Hilo, HI 96720
Phone: 808-961-3708
Fax: 808-961-5494
From the Neighbor Islands Call Toll Free 1-800-894-4996
FCS of Hawaii, ACA is part of the Farm Credit System, a nationwide system of leading agricultural financial institutions
which started in 1917. FCS of Hawaii, ACA has been doing business in Hawaii since 1966 through its subsidiary the Federal
Land Bank Association of Hawaii, FLCA. The FCS of Hawaii, ACA is not a Federal Agency of the Federal Government.
BIG ISLAND
EXAM NETS
SIX MORE
CERTIFIED
LANDSCAPE
TECHS
BY JAY DEPUTY
he Landscape Certification
Program on the Big Island was
renewed on June 9, after a two
year absence. A new location at
the Prince at Mauna Kea Hotel
was used for the exam, which
tested fifteen new candidates and two
re-takers on Ornamental Maintenance.
The hard work of Island Chair Garrett
Webb, Kalaoa Gardens, and JTAs Erin
Lee, grounds supervisor at Hualalai
Resort, and Hugh Landes, Landes Home
Services, were mainly responsible for
the resurrection of the program. Prince
grounds supervisor David Higgins was
also instrumental in developing the new
test site. Other sponsors that contribut-ed
were Hawaii Grower Products, Crop
Production Services, Kona Irrigation,
Hualalai Resorts, and Service Rentals &
Supplies Inc.
The outcome of the exam resulted in
six new CLTs. Six other candidates with
only one exam problem to complete will
have the opportunity to get certified in a
re-take exam to be held in August.
Those earning the Ornamental
Certification are Jack Hao of Outrigger
Royal Sea Cliff, Shannon Hao of Kanaloa
at Kona, John Palos of Hualalai Resort,
Christopher Bryant of Bezona Botanical,
Gary Dugaran of Hawaii Land Care and
Kennedy Von Elsner. Congratulations to
all.
The Kauai written exam was held on
July 28 and the hands-on field problems
will be conducted on September 22 at
Kauai Community College. This exam
will offer the Turf Maintenance certifica-tion.
Larry Borgatti is Kauai Island Chair
this year.

STAKES AND TIES
The proper protocol
in stakes and ties
are invaluable to the
ultimate success of
landscapers
28 LANDSCAPE HAWAII AUGUST | SEPTEMBER 2012 03-10-09/0000229489
Photos: Carol Kwan
3009 PMP-PENARO Proofed By: jmahoney
KOOLAU SEEDS & SUPPLY R 2.00 X 2.00
Susan Owen
Manager
Contact
(808) 239-1280 Office
(808) 239-2151 Fax
E-mail
owens001@hawaii.rr.com
48-373 G Kamehameha Hwy
Kaneohe, Hawaii 96744
takes and ties are com-mon
sights on trees in
our landscapes, but have
you ever wondered why?
Newly planted trees often
have stakes and ties installed to help main-tain
their stability while roots grow into
the surrounding soil. Sometimes stakes
serve a secondary purpose of protecting
the new tree’s trunk from lawn mower and
other damage.
When do trees need stakes and ties?
Trees with large enough root balls, such as
a monkeypod planted by a tree spade, may
not need stakes and ties at all because they
are stable after planting. Most container-ized
trees up to 45 gal size, however, are
relatively top heavy and prone to blowing
over, particularly in strong winds. These
require stakes and ties. Containerized
trees larger than 45 gal are usually guyed
instead, particularly when the tree is too
tall or massive for the stakes to support it.
How should ties be tied? Flexible flat ties
should be used to allow the tree’s trunk to
move in the wind. This builds strength in
the trunk so that the tree doesn’t flop over
when the stakes are removed. The ties are
looped around the trunk and then around
the stake in a figure 8 shape. They should
be nailed to the stake but not to the trunk.
Wires by themselves or in garden hoses
should not be used because they can cut
into and injure the trunk.
Where should stakes be installed? Stakes
should be pounded into firm soil outside
of the root ball to avoid damaging roots.
They should be away from the trunk and
below the lowest branch so that the stakes
don’t rub and wound the tree.
How long does the tree need stakes
and ties? The stakes and ties should be re-moved
after one growing season, no more
than one year after planting.
What happens if stakes and ties aren’t
removed? Trees have secondary growth
– they get taller but they also expand in
girth. If ties aren’t removed in a timely
manner, they can constrict the trunk’s
expansion in girth and girdle or strangle
the tree because the circulatory system
of a tree is located just under the bark.
Some trees overcome this girdling effect
by growing over the ties and incorporating
them into their wood, but this creates a
structural defect, a weak spot in the trunk
that is more prone to breakage.
The Bottom Line
Stakes and ties are temporary aids that
should be removed within one year of
planting. Unfortunately, in far too many
landscapes, the removal gets forgotten.
By the time the stakes and ties should
be removed, the landscape installation
contractor’s work is usually completed and
the landscaping turned over to the end
user. The landscape maintenance contract
may not mention removal of stakes and
ties and workers often won’t do it unless
specifically directed to do so. It is often up
to the owner or agency to remember to
ask for the removal of the stakes and ties,
and many owners don’t realize that this
needs to be done. Landscape maintenance
contractors can help by educating their
clients, the owners, about the need for this
work.
If a tree falls over or needs more support
when the stakes and ties are removed after
one year, it may not have been planted
properly. It should be checked for things
like circling roots, being planted too
deeply, and other planting issues.
This article was funded in part by
Kaulunani, an Urban & Community
Forestry Program of the DLNR Division
of Forestry and Wildlife and the USDA
Forest Service.
BY CAROL KWAN
This stake was too tall and too close to the tree. It has wounded the lower branches.

A proven track record of over 25yrs
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Continued from page 21
Do your hands get hot and sweaty wearing
unlined gloves? Read the note at the
end of the article and work in comfort.
Removal and cleaning
After use, try washing the outsides of
your gloves in running water, and soap if
possible, while you are still wearing them.
Next, remove one glove by grasping it
near the cuff, without touching your skin,
then peel it off. Hold the inside-out glove
in your bare hand while you slip your un-gloved
finger under the cuff of the other
Design
Gloves are made by two methods,
handprint and molded. Handprint gloves
are made from layers of material die-cut
in the outline of a hand and heat-sealed
together. Those made from a hand-shaped
mold dipped into a polymer solu-tion
are called molded gloves. Handprint
gloves fit either hand loosely and tend
to be thin, slick, and stiff. The highly
resistant barrier laminate gloves are
made this way. Molded gloves are usually
more comfortable to wear and easier
to work in, but thumb placement and
finger length are variable. Some brands
may offer a better fit than others, so try
before you buy.
Natural rubber ≥ 14 mils: for dry or wa-ter-
based formulations ($12-19/pair)
Fit
1 What are some issues to consider
when selecting the right glove?
2 If a particular glove type is recom
mended on a pesticide label, where
would you find it?
3 Which personal protective clothing
material, including gloves, is the least
resistant to chemical solvents?
4 What signs may indicate the need to
replace your gloves? Do the same apply
when using highly toxic chemicals?
5 Should your shirt sleeves be inside or
outside the gloves when spraying a
pesticide?
If gloves fit properly, they feel less
awkward and more comfort-able. If they
fit too tight, they will be harder to get on
and off and your hands may tire faster.
If gloves are too big, you lose agility and
there is a greater chance of catching
them in machinery. To find your glove
size (7 to 12), measure around your open
hand. If it measures 10 inches, you are a
size 10. Some gloves are sized S-M-L and
XL, men‘s and women‘s, or one size fits
all. In this case, try them on.
Thickness
Glove thickness is measured in mils or
gauge and bigger numbers usually mean
thicker gloves and more chemical protec-tion.
For example, one barrier laminate
glove, Silver Shield® is 0.004-inch (4
mil) and a particular Viton® design is
0.036-inch (36 mil) in thickness. Both are
resistant to most solvents (see table). As a
comparison, surgeon‘s gloves of natural
rubber are 4 mil to 9 mil thick (1 mil =
0.001 inch) and are not durable enough
for use with most pesticides. Uniform
thickness is difficult to manufacture,
however, and thinner areas will wear out
first. Though thicker gloves may offer
more protection from chemicals, tear-ing,
and puncture, they are more bulky
and clumsy. Thinner gloves are easier
to work in, but are also damaged more
easily. See Gloves on page 30

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only, and cannot be combined with other offers. Financing is subject to credit
approval through Cat Financial. Additional terms and conditions may apply.
Subject to change without prior notice.
CAT, CATERPILLAR, SAFETY.CAT.COM, their respective logos, “Caterpillar Yellow”
and the “Power Edge” trade dress, as well as corporate and product identity
used herein are trademarks of Caterpillar and may not be used without permission.
© 2012 Caterpillar. All Rights Reserved.
See inside the machines, spec sheets and more
by going to www.catresourcecenter.com
glove, peeling it off. Put both gloves, now
inside-out, in a clean one-gallon zip-lock
bag until they can be properly washed or
disposed of.
If you want to reuse a pair of gloves
wash them the same day, as follows: 1)
remove free pesticide and other mate-rial
from the outside of the gloves with
running water; 2) use a strong detergent
to remove remaining chemical residue;
3) rinse well in running water; 4) hang by
the fingertips with a clothespin to dry.
Never put gloves in an automatic dryer.
Disposal
The usefulness of most gloves is short-lived.
It may be time to replace them if
you notice any of these signs:
■ staining or color change inside or
outside of the glove;
■ softening, swelling, or bubbling;
■ stiffening, cracking, or surface change;
■ dissolving or becoming jelly-like; or
■ leaking at any time.
Even in the absence of these signs,
pesticides can soak through or contami-nate
glove materials without changing the
glove‘s appearance or texture. So replace
gloves when there is:
■ direct glove contact with highly toxic
chemicals for a short time, or
■ repeated contact over a longer
period.
A routine replacement schedule may be
useful, depending on the type of chemical
exposure and amount of use. Cut gloves
up so they cannot be reused and dispose
of them as solid waste.
Final tips
■ Keep one set of gloves for mixing
concentrates.
■ Wash gloves after each use to reduce
exposure time and lengthen glove life.
■ Allow gloves to dry before storing.
■ Manufacturers label packages, not
gloves; write material type on cuffs
with a permanent marker.
■ Place sleeves outside of gloves if most
of your spraying is at or below waist
level .
■ Place sleeves inside gloves if most of
your spraying is over-head; make a
1- to 2-inch cuff to catch pesticide that
runs down the glove
■ If spraying both above and below waist
level, close your gloves tightly outside
of your sleeves and secure with
heavy-duty tape or an elastic band.
■ Do not use flocked or lined gloves;
they can absorb pesticide (see the
following note).
Note: On 1 September 2004, EPA
amended the Worker Protection Stan-dard‘
s prohibition of using separable
liners (e.g. thin cotton gloves) in chemi-cal-
resistant gloves. The decision to use
separable glove liners is now at the dis-cretion
of the pesticide user: chemical-resistant
gloves can continue to be used
without liners. EPA‘s new regulations
contain restrictions to assure that con-taminated
liners will not remain in use.
To assure that contaminated liners will
not be reused, all separable liners will
have to be discarded immediately after
10 hours of use with-in any 24-hour peri-od;
separable liners cannot be laundered
and reused. Separable glove liners that
come into contact with pesticides must
be discarded immediately and replaced
with new liners. Discarding separable
glove liners immediately is necessary to
ensure that gloves are not contaminated
and reused, accidentally or otherwise.
This article is from “The Pesticide
Label” newsletter and is reprinted with
permission from the Pesticide Safety
Education Program, College of Tropi-cal
Agriculture and Human Resources,
University of Hawaii at Manoa. If you
would like to receive notice when a new
issue of this publication has been posted
on-line, send your request to charlie@
hpirs.stjohn.hawaii.edu with “new issue
alerts” as the subject header.
References:
EPA. 2004. Federal Register Vol. 69,
No. 169. http://www.epa.gov/oppfead1/
safety/workers/fr-gloves.pdf
Fishel, F. 2006. Glove selection for
working with pesticides. http://edis.ifas.
ufl.edu/PI157
Paulsrud, B. and Nixon, P. 2001.
Choose the proper gloves when handling
pesticides. http://ipm.illinois.edu/bulle-tin/
pastpest/articles/200111.html
Stone, J. 1996. Keep gloves handy for
pesticide work. http://www.extension.
iastate.edu/Publications/PM1518E.pdf
Continued from page 29

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Crop Production Services would like to
invite you to our 4th Annual Nursery Seminar.
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Contact your local Crop Production Services Office for all your Horticultural needs
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LICH Landscape Hawaii Magazine - August/September 2012 Issue

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