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Structuring Stories
to Hold Reader Interest
             Lizabeth A. Walsh, MJE
Why choose a structure?
Structure can be a huge help for a staff…
 Provides a framework for young writers
 Makes writing easier because it becomes
   routine
 Helps determine design because word count
   remains approximately the same t/o
 Gives advisers & editors a checklist of “look
   fors”
 Creates voice for a publication
Frameworks that work
 Wall   Street Journal’s
    anecdotal lede
 New    York Times’s
    lede-quote-transition-conclusion
WSJ (anecdotal lede) piece
This is what Heather Hill eats: French fries, pasta with
 butter or marinara sauce, vegetarian pizza, cooked
 broccoli, corn on the cob and cakes and cookies without
 nuts.
And what she doesn't eat? Pretty much anything else.
Ms. Hill is what you might call a picky eater. But she isn't
 a child. She's a 39-year-old mother of three who runs
 her own business in Raleigh, N.C. She says she is
 unable to eat other foods. "When I was younger it was
 cute," Ms. Hill says. "Now it's embarrassing.”
People like Ms. Hill have long puzzled clinicians
and medical experts because their behaviors don't
fit the definition of a traditional eating disorder, in
which people aim to achieve a certain body weight.
But picky eaters' diets can be so limited that their
food preferences interfere with their social and
professional relationships, which is one of the
hallmarks of a true disorder. Ms. Hill says she lies
to her friends about what she eats and avoids
parties and business lunches. And although she
tries to hide her pickiness from her children, she
frequently worries they will acquire her eating
habits.
BRAINSTORM…
What stories could you tell using this anecdotal
lede format?

   oHow a player follows superstitious behavior
   oHow a student preps for the ACT/SAT
   oHow a musician prepares for a concert
   oHow a teacher presents a lesson
   oHow an administrator deals with conflict
Practice session…
Choice 1: Use a story from last year’s book and
  re-think it, using the anecdotal lede. Develop
  the approach and tell the story that would
  have been there- if only you had thought
  about it that way.
Choice 2: Create a story you believe should be
  covered in this year’s book. Use a situation
  with which you are familiar and begin to
  craft the story by showing (not telling) the
  reader what you want to share (vivid verbs,
  clear imagery).
When is
  an anecdotal lede best?
 Feature
        pieces rather than new or breaking
 news events
 In-depth  reporting with space to not only
 tell the story, but present additional related
 information
 Yearbook  stories that have appeal to many
 by reporting on the few
NYT (quote-transition) piece
Dwyane Wade and Chris Bosh have chosen to become teammates
 in Miami, sparking a power shift that could turn spectacular if
 LeBron James- the greatest N.B.A. free agent of them all-
 decides to join them.
Wade and Bosh made their announcement together in a live
 interview on ESPN early Wednesday afternoon. Wade, a 28-
 year-old guard, and Bosh, a 26-year-old power forward, were to
 of the most coveted players in the heralded 2010 free agent
 class. They are also close friends and spoke throughout the
 process about joining forces somewhere. They chose Miami,
 where Wade has placed his entire seven-year career. Bosh has
 played his seven previous seasons for the Toronto Raptors.
Quote graf,
       transition quote graf
“I’m joining Mr. Wade in Miami,” Bosh,
  smiling widely, told ESPN via satellite.
Wade, also interviewed by satellite, but from
 a different location, called Bosh’s decision
 “just an unbelievable opportunity for me to
 play with someone of his caliber.”
BRAINSTORM…
What stories could you tell using this quote-
transition (summary lede) format?
      •Winning a big game in the season
      •Change in policy or schedule
      •Earning a position in playoffs, All-State,
      etc.
      •School royalty election results
      •Any newsworthy event that happens
      during the year
Practice session…
Choice 1: Use a story from last year’s book and
  re-think it, using the quote-transition w/
  summary lede. Develop the approach and
  tell the story that would have been there- if
  only you had thought about it that way.
Choice 2: Create a story you believe should be
  covered in this year’s book. Use a situation
  with which you are familiar and begin to
  craft the story by showing (not telling) the
  reader what you want to share (vivid verbs,
  clear imagery).
When is a quote-transition
     with summary lede best?
 Forreporting events that have multiple
 people who can provide their own
 perspectives on how it happened
 Forcapturing a historical occasion and the
 details that were important
 Forjust about any yearbook story on an
 event- not necessarily a person
Good readers
          make good writers.
Read
 oRead
  •Read
Coverage philosophy
   Who will you cover in the yearbook?
   Why will you cover them?
   How will you tell their stories?
   What will you do to make them appealing to your
    audience?
   When will you gather information and input?
   Where will you look for ideas and input for future
    editions?
Drawbacks to structure
Redundancy…
oWatch your writing staff and help them select
different ledes and different structures for the
opening paragraphs.
oRead consecutive stories aloud- in a row,
preferably on the same day to make sure this
doesn’t happen.
Link to Hearst Writing
http://www.hearstfdn.org/hearst_journalism/cham
All materials presented…
   Remain the property and copyright of the various
    owners of the original works.
   These yearbook samples were presented at BALFOUR
    workshops for the benefit of their clients and
    customers.
   Please do not alter these presentations.
   Use of these shows is intended only for individual
    adviser-to-staff classroom teaching, not for publication
    or reproduction in any form for any type of
    presentation at a conference, camp, convention, or
    gathering of multiple schools’ staffs.

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06 story structures

  • 1. Structuring Stories to Hold Reader Interest Lizabeth A. Walsh, MJE
  • 2. Why choose a structure? Structure can be a huge help for a staff…  Provides a framework for young writers  Makes writing easier because it becomes routine  Helps determine design because word count remains approximately the same t/o  Gives advisers & editors a checklist of “look fors”  Creates voice for a publication
  • 3. Frameworks that work  Wall Street Journal’s  anecdotal lede  New York Times’s  lede-quote-transition-conclusion
  • 4. WSJ (anecdotal lede) piece This is what Heather Hill eats: French fries, pasta with butter or marinara sauce, vegetarian pizza, cooked broccoli, corn on the cob and cakes and cookies without nuts. And what she doesn't eat? Pretty much anything else. Ms. Hill is what you might call a picky eater. But she isn't a child. She's a 39-year-old mother of three who runs her own business in Raleigh, N.C. She says she is unable to eat other foods. "When I was younger it was cute," Ms. Hill says. "Now it's embarrassing.”
  • 5. People like Ms. Hill have long puzzled clinicians and medical experts because their behaviors don't fit the definition of a traditional eating disorder, in which people aim to achieve a certain body weight. But picky eaters' diets can be so limited that their food preferences interfere with their social and professional relationships, which is one of the hallmarks of a true disorder. Ms. Hill says she lies to her friends about what she eats and avoids parties and business lunches. And although she tries to hide her pickiness from her children, she frequently worries they will acquire her eating habits.
  • 6. BRAINSTORM… What stories could you tell using this anecdotal lede format? oHow a player follows superstitious behavior oHow a student preps for the ACT/SAT oHow a musician prepares for a concert oHow a teacher presents a lesson oHow an administrator deals with conflict
  • 7. Practice session… Choice 1: Use a story from last year’s book and re-think it, using the anecdotal lede. Develop the approach and tell the story that would have been there- if only you had thought about it that way. Choice 2: Create a story you believe should be covered in this year’s book. Use a situation with which you are familiar and begin to craft the story by showing (not telling) the reader what you want to share (vivid verbs, clear imagery).
  • 8. When is an anecdotal lede best?  Feature pieces rather than new or breaking news events  In-depth reporting with space to not only tell the story, but present additional related information  Yearbook stories that have appeal to many by reporting on the few
  • 9. NYT (quote-transition) piece Dwyane Wade and Chris Bosh have chosen to become teammates in Miami, sparking a power shift that could turn spectacular if LeBron James- the greatest N.B.A. free agent of them all- decides to join them. Wade and Bosh made their announcement together in a live interview on ESPN early Wednesday afternoon. Wade, a 28- year-old guard, and Bosh, a 26-year-old power forward, were to of the most coveted players in the heralded 2010 free agent class. They are also close friends and spoke throughout the process about joining forces somewhere. They chose Miami, where Wade has placed his entire seven-year career. Bosh has played his seven previous seasons for the Toronto Raptors.
  • 10. Quote graf, transition quote graf “I’m joining Mr. Wade in Miami,” Bosh, smiling widely, told ESPN via satellite. Wade, also interviewed by satellite, but from a different location, called Bosh’s decision “just an unbelievable opportunity for me to play with someone of his caliber.”
  • 11. BRAINSTORM… What stories could you tell using this quote- transition (summary lede) format? •Winning a big game in the season •Change in policy or schedule •Earning a position in playoffs, All-State, etc. •School royalty election results •Any newsworthy event that happens during the year
  • 12. Practice session… Choice 1: Use a story from last year’s book and re-think it, using the quote-transition w/ summary lede. Develop the approach and tell the story that would have been there- if only you had thought about it that way. Choice 2: Create a story you believe should be covered in this year’s book. Use a situation with which you are familiar and begin to craft the story by showing (not telling) the reader what you want to share (vivid verbs, clear imagery).
  • 13. When is a quote-transition with summary lede best?  Forreporting events that have multiple people who can provide their own perspectives on how it happened  Forcapturing a historical occasion and the details that were important  Forjust about any yearbook story on an event- not necessarily a person
  • 14. Good readers make good writers. Read oRead •Read
  • 15. Coverage philosophy  Who will you cover in the yearbook?  Why will you cover them?  How will you tell their stories?  What will you do to make them appealing to your audience?  When will you gather information and input?  Where will you look for ideas and input for future editions?
  • 16. Drawbacks to structure Redundancy… oWatch your writing staff and help them select different ledes and different structures for the opening paragraphs. oRead consecutive stories aloud- in a row, preferably on the same day to make sure this doesn’t happen.
  • 17. Link to Hearst Writing http://www.hearstfdn.org/hearst_journalism/cham
  • 18. All materials presented…  Remain the property and copyright of the various owners of the original works.  These yearbook samples were presented at BALFOUR workshops for the benefit of their clients and customers.  Please do not alter these presentations.  Use of these shows is intended only for individual adviser-to-staff classroom teaching, not for publication or reproduction in any form for any type of presentation at a conference, camp, convention, or gathering of multiple schools’ staffs.