1. LIFE CYCLES

2. The life cycle of vertebrates
• Vertebrates also change in their life, they
pass through different stages: infancy,
adulthood and old age.
• The adult stage is the longest.
• Vertebrates reproduce when
they are adults.

3. • Mammals are viviparous animals: they
are born from their mother’s womb.
• Birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles are
oviparous: they are born from eggs.

4. The life cycle of invertebrates
• Invertabrates also
change in their lifes.
• Some invertebrates
like butterflies, change
a lot from one stage
to another.
• Invertebrates are
oviparous.

5. Butterflies cycle
• First, the adult female lay eggs.
• Then, a larva, that looks like a worm,
comes out.
• Next, the larva’s skin become hard. This is
a cocoon (pupa).
• Finally, the pupa opens and a butterfly
comes out.

7. Animals need to eat
• Herbivores eat plants
• Carnivores eat
other animals.
• Omnivores eat
plants and animals.

8. • Animal digest food.
• Digestion begins in the mouth
• Then, continues in the other organs of the
digestive system (the stomach and the
intestine)
• Finally, the waste is
transformed into faeces
and expelled through
the anus.

9. Animals need to breathe
• Mammals, birds and reptiles
breathe through the lungs.
• Most aquatic animals, like fish,
take in oxygen from the water
through gills.

10. • Some aquatic animals, like dolphins or
whales, come to surface to take in oxygen
with the lungs.

11. • Other animals, like insects, breath through
a tracheal system: small tubes that carry
the air to different parts of the body.

12. Plants

13. Plant reproduction
• Most plant produce flowers that become
fruit.
• Inside the fruit, there are
seeds.
• The seeds fall to the ground
and a new plant grow,
this is germination.

14. • First, the seed absorbs water from the soil.
• Then, the seed opens and a root grows
down into the
soil.
• Finally, a stem
grows up.

15. Other types of plant reproduction
• Some plants reproduce from stems, like
bulbs and tubers.
• They are underground.

16. Plants make their own food
• First, the roots absorb water and mineral
salts from the soil. The mixture is raw sap.
• Next, the raw sap goes up through the
stem to the leaves.
• Leaves use sunlight and carbon dioxide
to produce elaborated sap.
• This process is called Photosynthesis.

17. • Finally, the elaborated sap travels from the
leaves to the other parts of the plant to be
used or stored.

18. Plants also take in oxygen
• Plants take in air through little holes in the
leaves.
• Land plants take in oxygen from the air.
• Water plants take in oxygen
from water.
• Plants also expell carbon
dioxide in this process.
• Plants use oxygen and elaborated sap to make
energy and proteins.