Simple present Present continuous Past continuous Past perfect Simple past Going to Wil/Shall State Verbs

1. Present Tenses
•Present Simple
•Present Continuous
•Action and Non action
verbs

2. Present
Simple

3. Uses
 Habits or
Routines
Eg: I go to the
cinema
every Saturday
 General truth
Eg: The water boils
at 100°
 Permanent
situations
Eg: They work in a
bank
 Describing
yourself
Eg: I am Mexican

4. Structure
 Affirmative sentences:
Subject + Verb + Object
 Negative sentences:
Subject + Don’t/ Doesn’t + Inf Verb +
Object
I/We/You/They+ Don’t + Study + French
He/She/It + Doesn’t + Play + Tennis
I/You/We/They + like + coffee
He/ She / It + eats + fish

5. Structure
 Questions
Aux + Subject + Inf. Verb + Object .. ?
Do + I/We/You/They + play + Football?
Does + He/She/It + read + Books?
 Put adverbs of frequency like usually, often,
always, never, sometimes, before the main verb
and after be.

6. Present
Continuous

7. Uses
 Actions in progress at the time of
speaking
Eg:I’m waiting for a friend
 Temporary situations
Eg: She is studying English

8. Structure
Subject + Vb To Be + Verb –ING + Object
He/she/It + Is + Playing + Handball
You/We/They + Are + Going + to the dentist
I + Am + Writing + a book

9. Action and
Non action
verbs

10. Action and Non action verbs
 Verbs which describe actions, e.g. make, cook, can
be used in the present simple or continuous.
 Verbs which describe states or feelings (not
actions), e.g. like, want, be, are not normally used in
the present continuous.
 Common non-action verbs: agree, be, believe,
belong, depend, forget, hate, hear, know, like, love,
matter, mean, need, prefer, realize, recognize, seem,
suppose.

11. Past Tenses
•Past Simple
•Past Continuous
•Past Perfect
•Using Narrative tenses
together

12. Past
Simple

13. Use and Structure
 Use the past simple for finished past actions
Eg: She got married last year
 Affirmative
Object + Verb (past) + object
I + went + to the park last week
She + decided +to do the homework

14. Structure
 Negative
Subject + Didn’t + Inf verb + object..
She + didn’t + have + time to study
They + didn’t + work + yesterday
 Questions
Aux + Subject + Inf verb + object..?
Did + you + go + to school yesterday?
Did + she + told + you?

15. Past
Continuous

16. Use and Structure
 Use the past continuous to describe an action in
progres at a specific time in the past
Subject + Verb to be (past) + verb –ing
He/She/It/I + was / wasn’t + working hard
They/We/You + Were / Weren’t + helping Mary
 Questions
Past Vb to be + subject + Verb –ing + object..
?
Was + She + Watching + Tv?
Were + They + Playing + Football?

17. Past
Perfect

18. Use and Structure
 Use the past perfect when you are talking about
the past and you want to talk about an earlier action.
E.g. When they turned on the tv, the match had
finished
Subject + Had + Verb (past participle)
He + had + finished + his work
They + hadn’t + gone + to school

19. Using
narrative
tenses
together

20. Using narrative tenses together
Examples:
 When John arrived, they had dinner.
(First John arrived, then they had dinner)
 When John arrived they were having dinner.
(When John arrived they were in the middle of dinner)
 When John arrived, they had had dinner.
(They had dinner before John arrived)

21. Future Forms
•Be going to + infinitive
•Present Continuous
•Will/Shall + infinitive

22. Be going to
+ Infinitive

23. Uses
 Future plans and intentions
Eg: My sister is going to adopt a child
Are you going to buy a new car?
 Predictions
Eg: I think they’re going to win.
It’s going to rain (The sky is very dark)

24. Present
Continuous

25. Uses
 Future arrangements
Eg: We are getting married in October
They’re meeting at 10.00.
 You can usually use present continuous or going to for
future arrangements, but present continuous
enphasizes that you had made the arrangements
-We are going to get married in summer (You have
made a desition)
-We are getting married on July 12th (We have booked
the church)

26. Will/Shall
+ Infinitive

27. Uses
 Instant desitions
Eg: I will have the steak
 Promises
Eg:I won’t tell anybody
where you are
 Suggestions
Eg: Shall we eat out
tonight?
 Predictions:
Eg: You will love the film!
 Offers
Eg: I will carry that bag for
you.
Shall I help you with
your homework?

28. Will/Shall + infinitive
 Use will/ won’t (NOT the presnt simple) for
instant desitions, promises, ofers, and
suggestions.
 Use shall (NOT will) with I and We for offers
and suggestions when they are questions.
 Use will or going to for predictions.