Analysis of Ethical Issues - The slums in Tondo, Manila
Presentation1
1. 1. Introduction
2. Speech of President Estrada part 1
3. Economy
4. Anti-Crime Task Force
5. Erap Para sa Mahirap
6. Speech of President Estrada part 2
7. ERAP
8. Speech of President Estrada part 3
9. Mission Statement
10. Programs
11. Power Grab
2.
3. Joseph "Erap"
Ejercito Estrada
(born José Marcelo Ejercito on
April 19 1937) was the 13th
President of the Philippines. The
Presidency of Joseph Estrada
spanned 31 months from June 30,
1998 to January 20, 2001. Estrada
reached the pinnacle of his
political career when he was
elected President of the Republic
in May 11, 1988 national
elections. With the almost 11-
million Filipinos writing his name
on the ballot, his margin of
victory was the biggest registered
in the Philippine electoral history.
A line from his speech, “Walang
kaibigan, walang kumpare, walang
kamag anak,” was a stern warning
against anyone who would
attemp to undermine his
administration with infulence-
peddling.
5. Economy
The Estrada administration is said to have a strong
economic team, however the latter's administration failed to
capitalize on the gains of the previous administration. Economic
performance was hurt by the Asian Financial Crisis and climatic
disturbance that caused extremes of dry and wet weather. Toward
the end of Estrada's administration, the fiscal deficit had doubled
to more than P100 billion from a low of P49 billion in 1998.
Despite such setbacks, the rate of GNP in 1999 increased to 3.6
percent from 0.1 percent in 1998, and the GDP posted a 4.0
percent growth rate, up from a low of -0.5 percent in 1998. Debt
reached P2.1 trillion in 1999. The inflation rate came down from
11 percent in January 1999 to just a little over 3 percent by
November of the same year. This was in part due to the
agricultural program Agrikulturang Maka Masa, through which it
achieved an output growth of 6 percent, a record high at the time.
6. Anti- Crime Task Force
In 1998, by virtue of Executive Order No.8,
President Estrada created the Presidential Anti-
Organized Crime Task Force (PAOCTF) with the
objective of minimizing, if not totally eradicating, car
theft and worsening kidnapping cases in the country.
With the help of this task force, the Philippine National
Police for the first time in history achieved a record-
high trust rating of +53 percent. Panfilo Lacson was its
first head. He also created the Philippine Center on
Transnational Crime (PCTC) in 1999, with the objective
of formulating and implementing a concerted of action
of all law enforcement, intelligence and other
government agencies for the prevention and control
8. PARA SA MAHIRAP?
Statement, Kongreso ng Mamamayang Pilipino (KOMPIL 2), 28 November 2000
Erap will be written down in history books as the first
Philippine president impeached by Congress-115 members of the
house of representatives endorsed the articles of impeachment on
the basis of bribery, graft and corruption, betrayal of the public
trust and culpable violation of the Constitution and the law.
But to most Filipinos, the greatest disappointment in Erap is his
failure to fulfill the campaign promise that brought him to the
presidency. For the poor, the campaign slogan "Erap para sa
Mahirap" has turned out to be a lie. It is now unmasked as a mere
campaign slogan calculated to deliver the votes from the masa.
In the two-and-a-half years of his term as president, Erap has made
even more promises he could not fulfill. He repaid his political
debts, not to the poor, but to his patrons that financed his
campaign. He gave out companies, contracts, franchises, and
government positions to his cronies.
As for the poor, there has been no palpable improvement in their
lives. In reality, the Erap administration has become a "hirap"
administration because asset reforms have come to a standstill if
not suffered reversals. Consider the following :
9. For the Farmers:
• The slowest pace of implementation of agrarian reform under Erap and DAR Secretary Boy Morales.
• Zero budget for land distribution for the year 2000.
• A corporative agrarian reform program which will put lands in the firmer control of the rich landlords.
• Rampant cases of cancellation of Certificate of Land Ownership Awards (CLOA) and Emancipation Patents (EP)
for farmer beneficiaries of agrarian reform.
For the Workers:
• Dispersal of the striking workers in various picket lines, notably those in PAL, LRT and Manila Hotel.
• Ignoring demands for minimum wage increases to allow workers to live decently.
• Encouraging labor contractualization that makes workers "permanent casuals" and discourages union
organizing
For the Urban Poor
• Low priority for socialized mass housing.
• Demolition of communities without a ready relocation site.
• Replacement of pro-urban poor government officials in-charge of housing.
For the Indigenous Peoples
• Complete halt in the awarding of Certificates of Ancestral Domain Claims and Titles.
• No operational funding for the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP), the government agency in
charge of implementing the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act.
• Full speed implementation of the Mining Act, which displaces indigenous peoples from their ancestral lands
and places the environment in deeper peril.
For the Fisherfolk
• Low support for the implementation of the Fisheries Code which prohibits large-scale commercial fishing in
lakes and municipal waters.
• Allowing shoreline quarrying operations, further damaging the marine ecosystem.
10. And for the women, who constitute half of society, Erap has been a bad example by
flaunting his drinking, gambling and womanizing. To Erap, his women are mere proof of his
masculinity-he treats them as objects to be owned and accumulated; and as persons who can be
bribed into silence by providing them with lavish lifestyles. Mr. Estrada has become living proof of
society's violence against women by proving that men can get away with all these vices if they
have the power.
The Estrada administration has also subverted the government structure that makes it
possible for the organized basic sectors to participate in government policy planning. He has
issued Administrative Order 36, which allows him to handpick the representatives of the poor in
the National Anti-Poverty Commission (NAPC). By this act, he has removed representatives that
the organized poor chose for themselves through their own democratic consultations and
processes.
Erap's centerpiece anti-poverty program, the Lingap para sa Mahirap, is nothing but a
repackaged version of existing government programs already in place. Worse, selection of the
"100 poorest families" in every province and city has only made the programs more vulnerable to
corruption and patronage politics because politicians themselves choose who shall be among
these "100 poorest families."
The Erap administration desperate actions-to try to salvage his dwindling popularity ratings
and level of trust from the people-has only put himself and the country into greater disaster.
Erap's war in Mindanao was an effective tool to prop up his dwindling popularity but it was
achieved at great cost in terms of lives and damage to property. Thousands have been killed,
mostly innocent civilians. Some 650,000 Filipinos have been displaced, the vast majority of whom
are the poor who, even if they could return to their homes, face certain hunger because their
livelihood has been disrupted irreparably. The war has also renewed animosity among the Muslim
and Christian Filipinos because of the Erap and military's propaganda which presented the war as
against Muslims in general.
Because of its own actions, the Erap administration is doomed. Not even its sudden pro-
poor posture-which has come in too late and is highly suspect-can save the Mr. Estrada from
remaining in office. And might even be these same actions that will cause Mr.Estrada's own
undoing because, as it turns out, most have turned out to be farce:
11. • In the North Triangle, the land that was awarded to the present occupants have already
been contracted to a real estate developer.
• In Tala, lands parceled out were taken away from its original intended beneficiaries-the
lepers of the Tala Leprosarium.
• In Commonwealth, distributed xerox copies of land titles have been ordered returned
because these were incomplete. The residents had fought for this land since the time of
Marcos. It is not for Erap to give it away, it is for the residents to claim.
• The coco levy Executive Order favors Mr. Danding Cojuangco, the Erap crony who has
benefited from these funds all along.
• Offering the resumption of peace talks with the MILF without preconditions but without
any substantive proposals to build a lasting peace. After the war, this betrays the
administration's lack of understanding of the roots of the Mindanao conflict.
Erap is again turning to the poor to save him from disgrace. And to this we say:
Enough, Mr. Estrada! Stop using the poor for your own personal benefit. You have had
your chance to prove that you are really for the poor but you have done nothing! Erap
must learn his own lesson: The only way he can help solve the present crisis is to step
down from office.
We have learned our lesson to stop believing in Mr. Estrada's leadership. If he will
not resign. We will make him step down through impeachment or by direct collective
action in accordance with our constitutional rights.
National Peace Conference (NPC)
Kongreso ng Mamamayang Pilipino (KOMPIL 2)
28 November 2000
13. ERAP (Education,
Research and
Assistance Program)
Foundation, Inc.
14. To initiate, provide and establish education, research and
other forms of assistance programs and services to poor
but deserving citizens of our country, and
Speech of President Estrada part 3
15. To foster mutual
assistance and
self-reliance by
promoting
livelihood and
self-help
programs
16. MISSION STATEMENT
The ERAP Foundation seeks to:
Initiate, establish and provide education, research and
other forms of assistance programs and services to
economically and socially disadvantaged young
Filipinos;
Conduct medical missions, render health care services;
and
Promote livelihood and self-help programs
17. PROGRAMS
Scholarship program for the poor and less privileged,
but deserving Filipino students all over the country
Mutual assistance and self-help programs as well as
other forms of assistance
Programs of cooperation with private, government
and other institutions
18. Pro-Poor Programs
• Speaking before millions gathered at his inaugural address in Manila, the newly-elected chief
executive said his presidency would serve the Filipino masses whose welfare had long been
neglected. A line from his speech, "Walang kaibigan, walang kumpare, walang kamag-anak," was
a stern warning against anyone who would attempt to undermine his administration with
influence-peddling.
Determined to bring his pro-poor platform to every facet of the government's operations, he
immediately ordered the removal of all sovereign guarantees on contracts for public projects
which would require the sovereign Filipino people to assume the financial losses of private
companies doing business with the government. Records will show that until January 20, 2001,
he did not sign a single government contract with a sovereign guarantee.
Committed to cleaning the bureaucracy of undesirable elements, he ordered the immediate relief
of corrupt officials in the military and police hierarchy. He ordered a wide-ranging investigation of
all government contracts entered into by the previous administration to ensure these were
above-board and directly advantageous to the citizenry.
He ordered the investigation of suspected big-time tax evaders even if some of these individuals
had contributed to his presidential campaign.
His pro-poor program of government bore fruit in less than two years, with a significant
improvement in the country's peace and order situation. This likewise elicited a proportionate
rise in the approval rating of the Philippine National Police.
The Estrada administration undertook an aggressive housing program on a national basis,
targeting low-cost homes for the poor.
Agriculture received greater priority, while the national government likewise took steps to bring
down the cost of medicine.
Foreign investments grew exponentially, benefiting greatly from the unsullied and esteemed
reputation of the best and the brightest chosen to be part of his Cabinet, and even more from his
reputation as a strongly nationalistic yet progressive president.
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