Improving police-community-relations-through-community-policing

POLICE COMMUNITYPOLICE COMMUNITY
RELATIONSRELATIONS
SPO2 Lyrma Niaga CajegasSPO2 Lyrma Niaga Cajegas
PCR PNCOPCR PNCO
Iligan City Police OfficeIligan City Police Office

What is Police CommunityWhat is Police Community
Relations?Relations?
Police Community Relations arePolice Community Relations are
complicated and constantly changingcomplicated and constantly changing
interactions between representatives ofinteractions between representatives of
police organization and an assortment ofpolice organization and an assortment of
governmental agencies, public groups andgovernmental agencies, public groups and
private individuals representing a wideprivate individuals representing a wide
range of competing and often conflictingrange of competing and often conflicting
interests.interests.

Improving Police-CommunityImproving Police-Community
Relations Through CommunityRelations Through Community
PolicingPolicing

National Crime Prevention CouncilNational Crime Prevention Council66
Crime Prevention As a BridgeCrime Prevention As a Bridge
Crime Prevention efforts reduce polarizationCrime Prevention efforts reduce polarization
that sometimes exists between police andthat sometimes exists between police and
citizens.citizens.
Community Policing, Neighborhood Watch,Community Policing, Neighborhood Watch,
programs build a bridge that enablesprograms build a bridge that enables
residents and law enforcement toresidents and law enforcement to
communicate, collaborate, and work togethercommunicate, collaborate, and work together
to build safer, more caring communities.to build safer, more caring communities.

The Benefits of ImprovedThe Benefits of Improved
Police-Community RelationsPolice-Community Relations
Improved Relations Allow Police Officers toImproved Relations Allow Police Officers to
Police more effectivelyPolice more effectively
Find their jobs safer and easier to doFind their jobs safer and easier to do
Face less litigation and gain longerFace less litigation and gain longer
careerscareers
Be treated with greater respectBe treated with greater respect
Have better moraleHave better morale

The Benefits of Improved Police-The Benefits of Improved Police-
Community RelationsCommunity Relations (continued)(continued)
Improved Relations Allow Community Residents toImproved Relations Allow Community Residents to
Have more trust and less fear of policeHave more trust and less fear of police
Have a safer communityHave a safer community
Have less tension and conflictHave less tension and conflict
Gain greater cooperation from policeGain greater cooperation from police
Gain increased safety for children and seniorsGain increased safety for children and seniors
Gain quicker resolution to crimeGain quicker resolution to crime

99
Benefits of GoodBenefits of Good
Greater CooperationGreater Cooperation
Decreases in Crime & DelinquencyDecreases in Crime & Delinquency
More Effective EnforcementMore Effective Enforcement
Better CommunicationsBetter Communications
Better Police RecruitmentBetter Police Recruitment
More ResourcesMore Resources
Higher SalariesHigher Salaries

A Bit of HistoryA Bit of History
Community PolicingCommunity Policing

Sir Robert PeelSir Robert Peel
Considered a “father” of law enforcementConsidered a “father” of law enforcement
Are his principles ofAre his principles of
policing stillpolicing still
applicable today?applicable today?
Absolutely!Absolutely!

Sir Robert Peel’sSir Robert Peel’s
Nine Principles of PolicingNine Principles of Policing
1. The basic mission of the police is to prevent1. The basic mission of the police is to prevent
crime and disorder.crime and disorder.
2. The ability of the police to perform their duties is2. The ability of the police to perform their duties is
dependent upon public approval of policedependent upon public approval of police
actions.actions.
3. Police must secure the willing cooperation of the3. Police must secure the willing cooperation of the
public.public.
4.4. The degree of cooperation of the public that canThe degree of cooperation of the public that can
be secured diminishes proportionally to thebe secured diminishes proportionally to the
necessity of the use of force.necessity of the use of force.

55.. Police seek and preserve public favor.Police seek and preserve public favor.
6. Police use physical force to the extent6. Police use physical force to the extent
necessary.necessary.
7. Police at all times should maintain a7. Police at all times should maintain a
relationship with the public.relationship with the public.
8. Police should always direct their actions8. Police should always direct their actions
strictly toward their functions.strictly toward their functions.
9. The test of police efficiency is the absence9. The test of police efficiency is the absence
of crime and disorder.of crime and disorder.
Sir Robert Peel’sSir Robert Peel’s
Nine Principles of PolicingNine Principles of Policing (continued)(continued)

“Community policing is a philosophy that
promotes and supports organizational
strategies to address the causes of crime, to
reduce the fear of crime and social disorder
through problem-solving tactics and
community-police partnerships.”
Source: Community Oriented Policing Services Office

The Eight “P”s of Community
Policing
A PHILOSOPHY of full service,
PERSONALIZED
POLICING, where the same officer
PATROLS and works in the same area on a
PERMANENT basis, from a decentralized
PLACE, working in
PARTNERSHIP with citizens to identify and solve
PROBLEMS

The community-policing philosophy rests onThe community-policing philosophy rests on
the belief that law-abiding citizens in thethe belief that law-abiding citizens in the
community have a responsibility tocommunity have a responsibility to
participate in the police process. It also restsparticipate in the police process. It also rests
on the belief that solutions to today’son the belief that solutions to today’s
contemporary community problems demandcontemporary community problems demand
freeing both community residents and lawfreeing both community residents and law
enforcement to explore creative ways toenforcement to explore creative ways to
address neighborhood concerns beyond aaddress neighborhood concerns beyond a
narrow focus on individual crimes.narrow focus on individual crimes.

The more the variousThe more the various
groups sharegroups share
common values,common values,
beliefs, and goals, thebeliefs, and goals, the
more likely it is thatmore likely it is that
they will agree onthey will agree on
common goals.common goals.
Normative Sponsorship Theory
Most people are ofMost people are of
good will.good will.
They will cooperate
with others to
facilitate
the building of
consensus.

How Do PeopleHow Do People
View the Police?View the Police?

2121
Problem Aspects of Police-CommunityProblem Aspects of Police-Community
Relations ProgramsRelations Programs
Projecting a positive imageProjecting a positive image
Irregular contact with citizensIrregular contact with citizens
Isolated acceptance of PCR unitIsolated acceptance of PCR unit
Limited influence and respect for officersLimited influence and respect for officers
Focus on strained relations & crimeFocus on strained relations & crime
preventionprevention

2222
Relations Programs (cont)Relations Programs (cont)
Advice on crime prevention from PCRAdvice on crime prevention from PCR
onlyonly
Police accountability by civilian reviewPolice accountability by civilian review
boardsboards
Chief reacts only to law enforcementChief reacts only to law enforcement
concernsconcerns
Officers focus on racial & ethnic tensionOfficers focus on racial & ethnic tension

2323
Relations Programs (cont)Relations Programs (cont)
Cordial relationship, but superficial trustCordial relationship, but superficial trust
Intermittent contact with the publicIntermittent contact with the public
Officer seldom seen “on the streets”Officer seldom seen “on the streets”
Officer is viewed as an “outsider”Officer is viewed as an “outsider”
Citizens do not get to know officersCitizens do not get to know officers
Service providers stay in traditional rolesService providers stay in traditional roles
Success by traditional measures—i.e., crime rates.Success by traditional measures—i.e., crime rates.

Volunteers in Police ServiceVolunteers in Police Service
Why they are neededWhy they are needed
• Ease demands on law enforcementEase demands on law enforcement
• Encourage a more informed citizenryEncourage a more informed citizenry
• Provide an example to young peopleProvide an example to young people
• Improve cooperation and understandingImprove cooperation and understanding
between the police and their communitybetween the police and their community

Considerations of CommunityConsiderations of Community
InteractionInteraction
How community volunteers can be usedHow community volunteers can be used
within their communitywithin their community
- Legal issuesLegal issues
- Safety issuesSafety issues
- Expertise issuesExpertise issues

Community/Police Needs andCommunity/Police Needs and
SupportSupport
Filling needs with volunteersFilling needs with volunteers
• Coordinating positionCoordinating position
• Prerecruitment action requiredPrerecruitment action required
• Possible volunteer positions (adapt to localPossible volunteer positions (adapt to local
needs)needs)

• Position descriptionPosition description
• Time commitmentTime commitment
• Defined programDefined program
activitiesactivities
• Direct supervisorDirect supervisor
• Website access forWebsite access for
personal record ofpersonal record of
service/journalservice/journal
What Does a Citizen Need ToWhat Does a Citizen Need To
Know Before VolunteeringKnow Before Volunteering??
• How long shouldHow long should
volunteers serve?volunteers serve?
• Age criteriaAge criteria

Six Factors NecessarySix Factors Necessary
To ImproveTo Improve

The Six FactorsThe Six Factors
1.1. MembershipMembership
2.2. EnvironmentEnvironment
3.3. Process and StructureProcess and Structure
4.4. CommunicationsCommunications
5.5. PurposePurpose
6.6. ResourcesResources

MembershipMembership
1.1. Appropriate cross-section of membersAppropriate cross-section of members
2.2. Mutual respect, understanding, and trustMutual respect, understanding, and trust
3.3. Members see that collaboration is in theirMembers see that collaboration is in their
best interest.best interest.
4.4. Members develop an ability toMembers develop an ability to
compromise.compromise.

EnvironmentEnvironment
1.1. Political and social climate are favorable.Political and social climate are favorable.
2.2. Collaborative group is viewed as aCollaborative group is viewed as a
leader in the community.leader in the community.
3.3. There is a history or evidence ofThere is a history or evidence of
collaboration or cooperation in thecollaboration or cooperation in the
community.community.

Process and StructureProcess and Structure
1.1. Members are invested in the processMembers are invested in the process
as well as the outcome.as well as the outcome.
2.2. Clear roles and responsibilitiesClear roles and responsibilities
3.3. FlexibilityFlexibility
4.4. AdaptabilityAdaptability
5.5. Equal decision-making authority is heldEqual decision-making authority is held
by each member regardless of rank,by each member regardless of rank,
authority, or place in the hierarchy.authority, or place in the hierarchy.

CommunicationCommunication
1.1. Members learn to listen and allowMembers learn to listen and allow
venting.venting.
2.2. There is open and frequentThere is open and frequent
communication.communication.
3.3. Members disclose self interest at firstMembers disclose self interest at first
meeting.meeting.
4.4. Members establish informal and formalMembers establish informal and formal
means of communication.means of communication.

PurposePurpose
1.1. Concrete, attainable goals andConcrete, attainable goals and
objectivesobjectives
2.2. Shared visionShared vision
3.3. Desired results and strategiesDesired results and strategies

ResourcesResources
1.1. A skilled and unbiased convener ofA skilled and unbiased convener of
meetingsmeetings
2.2. Staff time and volunteer timeStaff time and volunteer time
3.3. Sufficient fundsSufficient funds

Crime in YourCrime in Your
NeighborhoodNeighborhood
AA lack of community involvementlack of community involvement
may lead to some of the most seriousmay lead to some of the most serious
and perplexing problems yourand perplexing problems your
community faces.community faces.

Why Is Community InvolvementWhy Is Community Involvement
Important?Important?
When members of a community areWhen members of a community are
involved with each other, they knowinvolved with each other, they know
• Their neighborsTheir neighbors
• The daily “goings-on” in the neighborhoodThe daily “goings-on” in the neighborhood
• When something is wrongWhen something is wrong

One great way to perpetuateOne great way to perpetuate
community involvement iscommunity involvement is
through the Neighborhoodthrough the Neighborhood
Watch program.Watch program.

What Is the Neighborhood WatchWhat Is the Neighborhood Watch
Program?Program?
Neighborhood Watch was established inNeighborhood Watch was established in
1970 and aimed in bringing residents1970 and aimed in bringing residents
together to interact and become thetogether to interact and become the
guardians for the police in theirguardians for the police in their
community.community.

Neighborhood WatchNeighborhood Watch
Crime prevention group organized around a block,
defined neighborhood, or business district
Serves as “eyes and ears” for law enforcement
Helps establish or reclaim informal control of an
area by observation, visibility, and increased
social interaction
Donates time and resources
Usually has no formal budget or funding source
Success results in reduction in crime and
improved quality of life for neighborhood residents

The Benefits ofThe Benefits of
Neighborhood WatchNeighborhood Watch
Unites the community and increasesUnites the community and increases
neighborhood cohesionneighborhood cohesion
Reduces fear of crime in the communityReduces fear of crime in the community
Improves crime reporting by citizensImproves crime reporting by citizens
Increases surveillance in the communityIncreases surveillance in the community
Prevents and reduces crimePrevents and reduces crime
Enhances homeland securityEnhances homeland security

The Benefits ofThe Benefits of
Neighborhood WatchNeighborhood Watch (continued)(continued)
Studies show that Neighborhood Watch isStudies show that Neighborhood Watch is
effective becauseeffective because
It unites neighbors around a common goal—safety andIt unites neighbors around a common goal—safety and
security.security.
It provides all members basic skills on preventing crimeIt provides all members basic skills on preventing crime
and reporting suspicious activities or crimes.and reporting suspicious activities or crimes.
It builds a base for correcting neighborhood problems.It builds a base for correcting neighborhood problems.
It works well with other civic activities.It works well with other civic activities.

How Can Citizens Be MoreHow Can Citizens Be More
Aware?Aware?
Be informedBe informed
Be alertBe alert
Be preparedBe prepared

In ConclusionIn Conclusion
Community policing is the responsibility ofCommunity policing is the responsibility of
bothboth law enforcement and communitylaw enforcement and community
members. Both have important roles inmembers. Both have important roles in
community policing.community policing.
There are many ways to involve theThere are many ways to involve the
community in crime-reduction and problemcommunity in crime-reduction and problem
solving, including community meetings andsolving, including community meetings and
citizens’ police academies.citizens’ police academies.
Police and local citizens are all members ofPolice and local citizens are all members of
the community.the community.

QuestionsQuestions

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HELP US FIGHT CRIMEHELP US FIGHT CRIME……
Police Station 1Police Station 1 911911
Police station 2Police station 2 165165
ICPSCICPSC 816816
ICPO Celphone Nr 09177127411ICPO Celphone Nr 09177127411

Improving police-community-relations-through-community-policing

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