3. Imperfecto Verbos
Forms of the imperfect, regular verbs. Stem: Take the
infinitive, and remove the last two letters (the infinitive
ending):
hablar > habl-; comer > com-; vivir > viv-.
Endings: -ar verbs: -aba, -abas, -aba, -ábamos, -abais, -
aban.
-er and -ir verbs: -ía, -ías, -ía, -íamos, -íais, -ían.
Irregular verbs. Only three verbs are irregular in the
imperfect: ser, ir, and ver:
ser ir ver
era éramos iba íbamos veía veíamos eras erais ibas
ibais veías veíais era eran iba iban veía veían
5. -Car, -Gar, -Zar
Regular verbs with these endings have a spelling
change to the yo form to keep the sound of the verb.
-CAR….YO….qué
-GAR…YO….gué
-ZAR…YO…cé
10. Adverbos
Most Spanish adverbs are formed by adding -mente to the
feminine singular form of the adjective. This ending
corresponds to -ly in English.
Adjective to feminine form to adverb
Claro…..clara….claramente
Note: if two adverbs pertain to one verb the first adverb
gets changed to only feminine form and the second one
gets changed all the way to the –mente form.
11. Progressive- Present
Step One: Right form of Estar
Estoy, estás, está, estamos, estáis, están
Step Two: Change verb to –ando, -iendo, -yendo
Ar- ando Er/Ir- iendo -yendo
hablar: hablando
(hablar - ar + ando)
comer: comiendo
(comer - er + iendo)
12. Progressive-Past
This tense, EL PASADO PROGRESIVO, is used when you
say sentences such as..
I was working.
Estaba trabajando. / Trabajaba
They were studying.
Ellos estaban estudiando ahora.
We were selling a novel
Estábamos vendiendo una novela.
He was eating a lot.
Él estaba comiendo mucho.
She was leaving.
Estaba partiendo
13. Superlatives
You use superlatives when you want to say something
has the MOST or the LEAST of a certain quality.
MOST= más
MENOS= menos
Luis es el más alto. Luis is the tallest
Carmen es la más pequeña
14. Future Los
irregula
endings
res
“I will…” Decer Dir
Formula: Hacer Har é
infinitive + future ending
Poner Pondr ás
Endings Example: Cantaré
Salir Saldr á
-é
-ás Tener Tendr emos
-á Valer Vendr án
-emos
Poder Podr
-án
Querer Querr
Saber Sabr
15. Formal Commands
For Ud./Uds.: put the verb in its “yo” form and change
to its opposite vowel
Comer- Como- Coma
Tener- Tengo- Tenga
Negative Form: Add NO in front of the verb. Conjugate
the verb the same way!
¡No Coma! ¡No tenga!
Irregulares= TVDISHES
16. Prepositions
Abajo: below
Arriba: above
Debajo de: under
Dentro de: inside
Encima de: Above
Fuera de: outside
Cerca de: near
Legos de: far
Detrás de: behind
17. Demonstratives
Indicate which one
This That That These Those Those
(near) (far) over over
there there
Este Ese Aquel Estos Esos Aquellos
Esta Esa Aquella Estas Esas Aquellas
The T is near me!!