1. Medications that Affect the Endocrine System Thyroid and Adrenocortical drugs Anti-diabetic drugs Created by Amanda McBride

2. Diabetes Created by Amanda McBride

3. 2 Types of Diabetes CONFIDENTIAL

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5. CONFIDENTIAL

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23. Diabetic Ketoacidosis Created by Amanda McBride

24. Oral Anti-diabetic drugs Sulfonylureas Biguanides Alpha inhibitors Meglitinides Thiazolidinediones Created by Amanda McBride

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27. Actions, Adverse reaction, Contraindications, Precautions and Interactions Created by Amanda McBride

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42. Adrenocorticol Hormones Created by Amanda McBride

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45. Effects of Glucocorticoids on Body Systems System Effect of Glucocorticoids, Cortisol CNS Euphoria and behavioural changes Lower Seizure Threshold Resp Opens airways. Stabilize mast cells, to inhibit release of bronchoconstrictive and inflammatory substances, eg histamine GI Facilitation of fat absorption Increased acid, pepsin, and trypsin Skeletal Muscle Weakness (excess and deficiency) Muscle atrophy (chronic excess) Skin Atrophy and thinning (chronic excess) Hematopeoietic system Decrease in peripheral lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, clotting time Increase in peripheral neutrophils, platelets, RBCs Decreased phagocyte competence CVS Increased blood pressure (increased blood volume) Kidneys Increased reabsorption of water, sodium, chloride Increased excretion of potassium, calcium Bone Inhibition of collagen synthesis by fibroblasts Antagonism of Vitamin D Inflammatory and Immune response Decrease inflammatory response, decrease capillary permeability, decrease immune response, decrease antibodies, anti-allergic actions

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51. Cushingoid Created by Amanda McBride

53. Mineralocorticoids-Aldosterone

54. Aldosterone Created by Amanda McBride

58. Thyroid Drugs Created by Amanda McBride

59. System Effects of thyroid hormone Metabolism Lipid metabolism : Increased thyroid hormone levels stimulate fat mobilization, leading to increased concentrations of fatty acids in plasma. They also enhance oxidation of fatty acids in many tissues. Finally, plasma concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides are inversely correlated with thyroid hormone levels - one diagnostic indiction of hypothyroidism is increased blood cholesterol concentration. Carbohydrate metabolism : Thyroid hormones stimulate almost all aspects of carbohydrate metabolism, including enhancement of insulin-dependent entry of glucose into cells and increased gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis to generate free glucose. Growth Growth hormones CVS Increases heart rate, cardiac contractility and cardiac output. They also promote vasodilation, which leads to enhanced blood flow to many organs. CNS Both decreased and increased concentrations of thyroid hormones lead to alterations in mental state. Too little thyroid hormone, and the individual tends to feel mentally sluggish, while too much induces anxiety and nervousness

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